Transnational Crime and the Developing World

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org/united-states/resource-centre/criminal-nature-global-security-implications-illegal-wildlife-tra-0. Reed, Matthew M. “2016: The Best Year Yet for Coalition Strikes Against ISIS Oil.” The Fuse, January 30, 2017. http://energyfuse.org/2016-best-year-coalition-strikes-isis-oil/. Reisen, Mirjam van, and Conny Rijken. “Sinai Trafficking: Origin and Definition of a New Form of Human Trafficking.” Social Inclusion 3, no. 1 (2015): 113–24. doi:http://dx.doi.org.proxyau.wrlc.org/10.17645/ si.v3i1.180. “Remittances to Developing Countries Edge Up Slightly in 2015.” World Bank, April 13, 2016. http:// www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2016/04/13/remittances-to-developing-countries-edgeup-slightly-in-2015. Ribando Seelke, Clare. “Trafficking in Persons in Latin America and the Caribbean.” Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 2015. https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL33200.pdf. Rossi, Victoria. “Colombia Police Rescued Over 46,000 Illegally Trafficked Animals in 2012.” InSight Crime, September 4, 2012. http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/colombia-46000-illegally-trafficked-animals-2012. Russell, Alec. “Rhino Poaching: Inside the Brutal Trade.” Financial Times, October 2, 2015. http://www. ft.com/cms/s/2/f71d53ea-67b3-11e5-97d0-1456a776a4f5.html?ftcamp=traffic/social_promo/annotation/YouTube/article/auddev. Sack, Kevin. “Transplant Brokers in Israel Lure Desperate Kidney Patients to Costa Rica.” The New York Times, August 17, 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/17/world/middleeast/transplant-brokersin-israel-lure-desperate-kidney-patients-to-costa-rica.html. Samatar, Abdi Ismail, Mark Lindberg, and Basil Mahayni. “The Dialectics of Piracy in Somalia: The Rich Versus the Poor.” Third World Quarterly 31, no. 8 (2010): 1377–94. doi:10.1080/01436597.2010.53823 8. Sambira, Jocelyne. “Counterfeit Drugs Raise Africa’s Temperature.” Africa Renewal Online, May 2013. http://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/may-2013/counterfeit-drugs-raise-africa%E2%80%99stemperature. Samuel, Henry. “‘Spiderman’ Art Thief Stole €100m of Masterpieces from Paris Museum with ‘Disconcerting Ease’, Court Told.” The Telegraph, January 31, 2017. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/ news/2017/01/30/spiderman-art-thief-stole-100m-masterpieces-paris-museum-disconcerting/. Sanchez, Ray. “United Nations Investigates Claim of ISIS Organ Theft.” CNN, February 19, 2015. http:// www.cnn.com/2015/02/18/middleeast/isis-organ-harvesting-claim/index.html. Santoshi, Neeraj. “How China Turned India into a Hub for Poaching of Endangered Mammal Pangolin.” Hindustan Times, February 28, 2017. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-china-turnedindia-into-a-hub-for-poaching-of-endangered-mammal-pangolin/story-Lk3XhBIPuTvKrlBTQbPmAL. html. Schearf, Daniel. “Thai Wildlife Group Raided for Criticizing Elephant Poaching.” Voice of America, February 21, 2012. http://www.voanews.com/content/thai-wildlife-group-raided-for-criticizing-elephantpoaching-139978243/169726.html. Scheper-Hughes, Nancy. “Perpetual Scars.” New Internationalist, May 2014. Global Financial Integrity 136
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Transnational Crime and the Develop
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Transnational Crime and the Develop
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Global Financial Integrity is pleas
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Contents Glossary..................
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Appendix Table E. Estimated Value o
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Glossary ACT AML ATS Avg. BACRIM BP
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Executive Summary Overview Transnat
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Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulate
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I. Introduction The aim of this rep
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II. Drug Trafficking A. Overview Th
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done throughout the year, increasin
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market is primarily supplied domest
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legitimate work. Money laundering i
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easily accessible, with some being
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III. Trafficking of Small Arms and
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Table E. Price vs. Distance: The We
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on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) show tha
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eactivated handgun that had been so
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IV. Human Trafficking A. Overview H
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Human trafficking and human smuggli
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up deposits) to avoid currency repo
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and it has used some others as suic
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V. Illegal Organ Trade A. Overview
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developed countries is US$20,000, w
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E. Recent Developments The consider
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VI. The Illicit Trade in Cultural P
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or illicit transactions can get bur
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trafficking transactions, providing
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Paying ransom demands, as well as t
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VII. Counterfeit and Pirated Goods
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and pirated goods come from China.
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Box 2. Pharmaceutical Crime Counter
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Figure IV. Terrorist Financing and
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F. Summary With an estimated US$923
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VIII. Illegal Wildlife Trade A. Ove
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Table R. Poacher vs. Consumer Price
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Community-based ecotourism is a pow
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was traditionally seen as a conserv
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IX. Illegal, Unreported, and Unregu
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IUU fishing particularly flourishes
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Figure V. Trade Misinvoicing to Lau
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E. Recent Developments The fishing
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X. Illegal Logging A. Overview Ille
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C. Dynamics Illegal logging, like o
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illion in revenues and taxes annual
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XI. Illegal Mining A. Overview Mine
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C. Dynamics The discussion of confl
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damages that can affect generations
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Figure VIII. Illegal Mining, Trade
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XII. Crude Oil Theft A. Overview Cr
Page 101 and 102: estimate places the daily loss of c
Page 103 and 104: Figure IX. Pipelines and Drug Traff
Page 105 and 106: Small-scale oil theft and refining
Page 107 and 108: F. Summary The theft of crude oil r
Page 109 and 110: XIII. Policy Recommendations Overvi
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Page 113 and 114: at the top levels, and authorized c
Page 115 and 116: XIV. Conclusion Transnational crime
Page 117 and 118: Appendix: Methodology This appendix
Page 119 and 120: 2. The Average Cost of an AK-47 The
Page 121 and 122: Japan 502 $80,000 Low $14,000 High
Page 123 and 124: 519 Appendix Table I. Price Range o
Page 125 and 126: D. Trafficking in Cultural Property
Page 127 and 128: E. The Illegal Wildlife Trade This
Page 129 and 130: Appendix Table P. Source vs. Market
Page 131 and 132: Appendix Table R. Estimated Illegal
Page 133 and 134: Bibliography “7 Nabbed for Intern
Page 135 and 136: Cat Skin Trade. London: Environment
Page 137 and 138: Chugh, Nishtha. “Need a Kidney? I
Page 139 and 140: Dunlevy, Sue. “Australians Turn t
Page 141 and 142: Federation. Accessed September 12,
Page 143 and 144: Gupta, Sanjay. “Unintended Conseq
Page 145 and 146: “International Plan of Action to
Page 147 and 148: Lerner, Maura. “U.S. Man Defies D
Page 149 and 150: the Wildlife TRAPS Project. Cambrid
Page 151: ence 13, no. 3 (September 2014): 31
Page 155 and 156: Strobel, Warren, Jonathan Landay, a
Page 157 and 158: Quartz, August 12, 2016. http://qz.
Page 159 and 160: “Update on Rhino Poaching Statist
Page 161 and 162: Intelligence, September 6, 2013. ht
Page 163 and 164: About Global Financial Integrity Fo
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