High-Yield Neuroanatomy 5e

4 Chapter 1
Precommissural
fornix
Postcommissural
Cingulate gyrus
fornix
Anterior
Corpus callosum
nucleus
Fornix
Anterior
commissure
Septal
area
Medial
hypothalamus
Amygdala
Mammillary
body
Stria
terminalis
Figure 1-4 Midsagittal section of the brain showing the components of the limbic lobe.
Hippocampal
formation
f. Limbic lobe (Figure 1-4)—a C-shaped collection of structures found on the medial hemispheric
surface that encircles the corpus callosum and the lateral aspect of the midbrain. It
includes:
● Paraterminal gyrus and subcallosal area—located anterior to the lamina terminalis and
inferior to the rostrum of the corpus callosum.
● Cingulate gyrus lies parallel and superior to the corpus callosum and merges with the
parahippocampal gyrus.
● Parahippocampal gyrus lies between the hippocampal and collateral sulci and terminates
in the uncus.
● Hippocampal formation (Figure 1-5)—connected to the hypothalamus and septal area
via the fornix.
g. Olfactory structures—found on the orbital (inferior) surface of the brain and include the following:
● Olfactory bulb and tract represent an outpouching of the telencephalon. The olfactory
bulb receives the olfactory nerve (CN I).
● Olfactory trigone and striae
● Anterior perforated substance created by penetrating striate arteries.
● Diagonal band of Broca interconnects the amygdaloid nucleus and the septal area.
2. Basal nuclei (ganglia) (Figure 1-6) constitute the subcortical nuclei of the telencephalon and
include:
a. Caudate nucleus—part of the striatum, together with the putamen.
b. Putamen—part of the striatum, together with the caudate nucleus and part of the lentiform
nucleus along with the globus pallidus.
c. Globus pallidus—part of the lentiform nucleus, together with the putamen.
d. Subthalamic nucleus—part of the diencephalon that functions with the basal nuclei.