Beach Feb 2018
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AMERICAN EXPRESS ®<br />
SM<br />
old tales indicate he arrived with<br />
both slaves and profits from the<br />
cotton plantation he’d operated<br />
down South; one of the town’s<br />
early histories claims he built a<br />
small pier in order to smuggle<br />
opium from China.<br />
What is factual, according to<br />
Dennis, is Duncan did indeed<br />
build the first house in what was<br />
to become Manhattan <strong>Beach</strong>. As<br />
nearby Redondo <strong>Beach</strong> and Hermosa<br />
<strong>Beach</strong> formed in the late<br />
1800s, the sandy area to the north,<br />
all dust and dunes, was considered<br />
undesirable – after all, who would<br />
want to live amidst all that sand?<br />
Duncan paid $1,000 in gold to the<br />
Redondo Land Company for 87<br />
and one quarter acres and in 1895<br />
built a mansion on the hill overlooking<br />
the scraggly settlement<br />
originally known as Potencia. The<br />
following year, for $680, he bought<br />
another 100 acres that stretched<br />
down to the water. It’s clear he<br />
built an oceanside structure of<br />
some sort, Dennis reports, though<br />
it’s unclear if he built a pier.<br />
The city’s first known pier, built<br />
around the turn of the 20th century,<br />
was a somewhat ramshackle<br />
affair, in keeping with the fledgling<br />
town itself. It was dubbed “the Old<br />
Iron Pier” and fashioned out of railroad<br />
ties and timbers affixed with a<br />
900 ft. wooden platform for fishermen.<br />
“Back then Manhattan <strong>Beach</strong> was<br />
just sort of a little village,” Dennis<br />
said. “People couldn’t get here because<br />
of the dunes...Nobody came<br />
here. So they decided, well, we’ll<br />
build a fishing pier. That is what it<br />
was for — when the Red Car came<br />
down from LA, they’d come here to<br />
fish.”<br />
But as Dennis notes in her book,<br />
“A Walk Beside the Sea: A History<br />
of Manhattan <strong>Beach</strong>,” the odd little<br />
pier quickly became a focal point<br />
for many of the town’s activities.<br />
Then, in 1913, storms wiped the<br />
pier out, and city fathers decided to<br />
float a public bond to build a more<br />
permanent structure. A proposed<br />
$75,000 bond failed in 1914, 168<br />
votes to 170, largely due to a contingent<br />
of “Northenders” who<br />
wanted it located at the end of Marine<br />
Street. In 1916, a compromise<br />
was passed overwhelmingly, one<br />
that included $70,000 for a pier at<br />
the foot of Manhattan <strong>Beach</strong> Boulevard<br />
(then Center Street) and<br />
$20,000 for a pavillion at Marine.<br />
Engineer A.L. Harris had the idea<br />
for the Roundhouse. “Now in regard<br />
to a round end, it is a feature<br />
that hasn’t been, as yet, brought out<br />
on any other pier along the coast<br />
that I know of...another reason for<br />
having the circular end is that it is<br />
much stronger against the action of<br />
the waves,” Harris said at a meeting<br />
of the city’s board of trustees.<br />
Material shortages due to WWI<br />
delayed its construction but finally<br />
the pier and a Roundhouse that<br />
looks almost identical to today’s facility<br />
were constructed in 1920.<br />
The pier would remain largely<br />
unchanged until the 1980s, when<br />
Judge Richard L. Fruin established<br />
OTS, and the Roundhouse took on<br />
a new function as a marine science<br />
teaching station. But the pier itself<br />
was falling apart; there was a proposal<br />
to destroy the entire structure<br />
and rebuild. An activist group<br />
called Pier Pressure, led by Keith<br />
Robinson and Julia Tedesco, fought<br />
for its preservation. A 3-2 council<br />
vote in 1986 favored restoring the<br />
pier rather than replacing it, and in<br />
1991 a $2.39 million project to rehabilitate<br />
the pier got underway.<br />
By the time Michael Greenberg<br />
met with OTS staff immediately<br />
after his son’s passing in 2015, the<br />
pier was in most ways flourishing.<br />
More than 300,000 people visited it<br />
annually, including 15,000 kids<br />
who participate in programs at the<br />
Roundhouse Aquarium. But beneath<br />
the surface, the pier was in<br />
a state of deterioration, and the<br />
Aquarium’s facilities were being<br />
held together largely by the inventiveness<br />
of its co-directors, Eric<br />
Martin and Val Hill.<br />
“It’s been over 15 years since our<br />
last renovation, and things have<br />
started to go downhill,” said John<br />
Roberts, the chair of the OTS board<br />
of directors. “In a marine environment,<br />
things don’t last too long.”<br />
Greenberg’s initial notion was<br />
possibly to refurbish a tank or two<br />
at the Aquarium. But a Greenberg<br />
family trait appears to be a certain<br />
boundlessness, and as he considered<br />
the facility’s needs a bigger<br />
idea began to emerge.<br />
“I'm thinking to myself, it's so dilapidated,<br />
it’s so old,” he recalled.<br />
“And something triggered the<br />
thought, ‘Well, why don't we put<br />
in an entirely new aquarium, and<br />
reimagine this aquarium?”<br />
He pledged a million dollars on<br />
the spot, in addition to the quarter<br />
million already contributed to Harrison’s<br />
Foundation. The city, it<br />
turned out, already had plans to<br />
retrofit the pier itself, and thus a<br />
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26 Easy Reader / <strong>Beach</strong> magazine • <strong>Feb</strong>ruary 8, <strong>2018</strong>