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Beach Feb 2018

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AMERICAN EXPRESS ®<br />

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old tales indicate he arrived with<br />

both slaves and profits from the<br />

cotton plantation he’d operated<br />

down South; one of the town’s<br />

early histories claims he built a<br />

small pier in order to smuggle<br />

opium from China.<br />

What is factual, according to<br />

Dennis, is Duncan did indeed<br />

build the first house in what was<br />

to become Manhattan <strong>Beach</strong>. As<br />

nearby Redondo <strong>Beach</strong> and Hermosa<br />

<strong>Beach</strong> formed in the late<br />

1800s, the sandy area to the north,<br />

all dust and dunes, was considered<br />

undesirable – after all, who would<br />

want to live amidst all that sand?<br />

Duncan paid $1,000 in gold to the<br />

Redondo Land Company for 87<br />

and one quarter acres and in 1895<br />

built a mansion on the hill overlooking<br />

the scraggly settlement<br />

originally known as Potencia. The<br />

following year, for $680, he bought<br />

another 100 acres that stretched<br />

down to the water. It’s clear he<br />

built an oceanside structure of<br />

some sort, Dennis reports, though<br />

it’s unclear if he built a pier.<br />

The city’s first known pier, built<br />

around the turn of the 20th century,<br />

was a somewhat ramshackle<br />

affair, in keeping with the fledgling<br />

town itself. It was dubbed “the Old<br />

Iron Pier” and fashioned out of railroad<br />

ties and timbers affixed with a<br />

900 ft. wooden platform for fishermen.<br />

“Back then Manhattan <strong>Beach</strong> was<br />

just sort of a little village,” Dennis<br />

said. “People couldn’t get here because<br />

of the dunes...Nobody came<br />

here. So they decided, well, we’ll<br />

build a fishing pier. That is what it<br />

was for — when the Red Car came<br />

down from LA, they’d come here to<br />

fish.”<br />

But as Dennis notes in her book,<br />

“A Walk Beside the Sea: A History<br />

of Manhattan <strong>Beach</strong>,” the odd little<br />

pier quickly became a focal point<br />

for many of the town’s activities.<br />

Then, in 1913, storms wiped the<br />

pier out, and city fathers decided to<br />

float a public bond to build a more<br />

permanent structure. A proposed<br />

$75,000 bond failed in 1914, 168<br />

votes to 170, largely due to a contingent<br />

of “Northenders” who<br />

wanted it located at the end of Marine<br />

Street. In 1916, a compromise<br />

was passed overwhelmingly, one<br />

that included $70,000 for a pier at<br />

the foot of Manhattan <strong>Beach</strong> Boulevard<br />

(then Center Street) and<br />

$20,000 for a pavillion at Marine.<br />

Engineer A.L. Harris had the idea<br />

for the Roundhouse. “Now in regard<br />

to a round end, it is a feature<br />

that hasn’t been, as yet, brought out<br />

on any other pier along the coast<br />

that I know of...another reason for<br />

having the circular end is that it is<br />

much stronger against the action of<br />

the waves,” Harris said at a meeting<br />

of the city’s board of trustees.<br />

Material shortages due to WWI<br />

delayed its construction but finally<br />

the pier and a Roundhouse that<br />

looks almost identical to today’s facility<br />

were constructed in 1920.<br />

The pier would remain largely<br />

unchanged until the 1980s, when<br />

Judge Richard L. Fruin established<br />

OTS, and the Roundhouse took on<br />

a new function as a marine science<br />

teaching station. But the pier itself<br />

was falling apart; there was a proposal<br />

to destroy the entire structure<br />

and rebuild. An activist group<br />

called Pier Pressure, led by Keith<br />

Robinson and Julia Tedesco, fought<br />

for its preservation. A 3-2 council<br />

vote in 1986 favored restoring the<br />

pier rather than replacing it, and in<br />

1991 a $2.39 million project to rehabilitate<br />

the pier got underway.<br />

By the time Michael Greenberg<br />

met with OTS staff immediately<br />

after his son’s passing in 2015, the<br />

pier was in most ways flourishing.<br />

More than 300,000 people visited it<br />

annually, including 15,000 kids<br />

who participate in programs at the<br />

Roundhouse Aquarium. But beneath<br />

the surface, the pier was in<br />

a state of deterioration, and the<br />

Aquarium’s facilities were being<br />

held together largely by the inventiveness<br />

of its co-directors, Eric<br />

Martin and Val Hill.<br />

“It’s been over 15 years since our<br />

last renovation, and things have<br />

started to go downhill,” said John<br />

Roberts, the chair of the OTS board<br />

of directors. “In a marine environment,<br />

things don’t last too long.”<br />

Greenberg’s initial notion was<br />

possibly to refurbish a tank or two<br />

at the Aquarium. But a Greenberg<br />

family trait appears to be a certain<br />

boundlessness, and as he considered<br />

the facility’s needs a bigger<br />

idea began to emerge.<br />

“I'm thinking to myself, it's so dilapidated,<br />

it’s so old,” he recalled.<br />

“And something triggered the<br />

thought, ‘Well, why don't we put<br />

in an entirely new aquarium, and<br />

reimagine this aquarium?”<br />

He pledged a million dollars on<br />

the spot, in addition to the quarter<br />

million already contributed to Harrison’s<br />

Foundation. The city, it<br />

turned out, already had plans to<br />

retrofit the pier itself, and thus a<br />

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26 Easy Reader / <strong>Beach</strong> magazine • <strong>Feb</strong>ruary 8, <strong>2018</strong>

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