University of Pardubice Jan Perner Transport Faculty Transport and ...

educe the distance between destinations), or improved mobility substitutes such as
telecommunications or delivery services. 44
Providing access for an ageing population: The ECE population above 64 years of age has
increased by about 20 million over the last two decades. Providing access for individuals with
special needs: 3% of the world’s population are severely and about 12 % moderately disabled.
Efficient international transport links and border crossings:
Participation in global supply chains International transport by value dominated by sea: Special
attention to land-locked countries. Road transport is the most dominant mode of motorized
transport in Africa, accounting for 80 per cent of the goods traffic and 90 per cent of the
passenger traffic on the continent. African countries together have about 2.06 million km of roads
in 2001, resulting in a road density of 6.84 km per 100sq.km. Whereas the average road-to-
population ratio for the whole continent is 26 km per 10,000 inhabitants, there is a large sub
regional variation.
Central Africa and Southern Africa have the highest road distribution, with 49.5 km and 56.3 km,
respectively, for every 10,000 population. In 2005, only 580,066 km or 22.7 per cent of the total
African road network was paved. 45 Most African countries face huge costs associated with
transportation. In accessing foreign markets, on average, Africa’s transport and insurance costs
represent 30 per cent of the total value of exports, which compares unfavourably with 8.6 per
cent for all developing countries. Although most share the problem of high transport costs,
landlocked countries face the most excessive transport costs recorded on the continent.
44 Critical issues in transportation [online]. 2009 [cit.2012.05.18]. Found from:
http://www.trb.org/Publications/PubsCriticalIssuesinTransportation.aspx
45 The transport sector in Africa [online].2009.10 [cit.2012.05.19]. Found from:
http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/csd/csd_pdfs/csd-18/rims/AfricanReviewReport-on-TransportSummary.pdf
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