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Satisfaction Figure 15.B. Happiness and transition in Russia 5,5 5,3 5,1 4,9 4,7 4,5 4,3 4,1 3,9 3.7 3.5 Taken from Guriev and Zhuravskaya (2009) Satisfaction Upper bound Lower bound Real per capita GDP, PPP 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Year Left-hand scale: Life satisfaction for an average individual from the panel regressions with individual fixed effects and other usual controls (95% CI). Right-hand scale: Real GDP per capita in PPP-adjusted 2000 US dollars. Sources: for satisfaction, the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey; for GDP per capita, the World Development Indicators database. December 2011 / Measure for Measure / How Well Do We Measure Development? / © AFD [ 125] 10,000 9,500 9,000 8,500 8,000 7,500 7,.000 6,500 6,000 5,500 10,000
Life Satisfaction Life Satisfaction Figure 15.C. Happiness and transition in several countries 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 7.32 6.12 5.9 5.68 5.46 5.24 5.02 4.8 Taken from Easterlin and Zimmerman (2009) Life Satisfaction c. 1990, 1995, and 1999, and Index of Real GDP, Annually 1986-1999 a GDP LIFESAT Former GDR 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 [ 126] © AFD / Measure for Measure / How Well Do We Measure Development? / December 2011 Year Estonia 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 Year 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 Index of Real GDP, 1989 = 100 Index of Real GDP, 1989 = 100
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Measure for Measure How Well Do We
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[ Disclaimer] Publications Director
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Table of Contents Acknowledgements
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Introduction François Bourguignon,
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The 2010 UNDP report on human devel
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1. Measuring Development: Different
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More data, better data and a broade
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•The PPPs are currently revised o
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1.1. More data, better data: benefi
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Organization undertakes the World P
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able through the DHS system, as wel
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1.2. The 2005 revision of the ICP a
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international dollars. The line is
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only thing that changes the counts
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Table Countries 1 15 reference coun
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y India and China, where about half
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This is because the PWT uses a Gear
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price level is the ratio of the pur
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meeting the demands of disease and
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In contrast to the calorie decline,
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1.3.4. Asking about not having mone
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Table 3 All countries Estimated num
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1.4. From many to one: single index
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expectancy and per capita income
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DEATON, A. (2008), “Income, healt
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STEVENSON, B. and J. WOLFERS (2008)
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2. Multidimensional Poverty and its
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dimensional Poverty Index. While th
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erty in most countries, but is sign
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The first methodology in Figure 7 e
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more completely their characteristi
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2.1.3. Unfolding M0 A relevant feat
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2.2. One particular application of
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Whenever the poverty cutoff k requi
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deprivation in child mortality and
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2.3. Research questions and debates
Page 76 and 77: Table Identification Method Union a
Page 78 and 79: There are three kinds of combinatio
Page 80 and 81: from different data sources; data f
Page 82 and 83: Because of its construction, analys
Page 84 and 85: 2.4. Concluding remarks This paper
Page 86 and 87: ATKINSON, A.B. and F. BOURGUIGNON (
Page 88 and 89: ERIKSON, R. (1993), "Descriptions o
Page 90 and 91: RAWLS, J. (1971), A theory of justi
Page 92 and 93: Comment: Multidimensional Poverty a
Page 94 and 95: Data Already existing surveys provi
Page 96: Taking a longer historical view und
Page 100 and 101: 3. Will GDP Growth Increase Subject
Page 102 and 103: political scientists. However, most
Page 104 and 105: instruments/instrument.php for a su
Page 106 and 107: • Life expectancy/income: “A pe
Page 108 and 109: clude that: “Overall, the average
Page 110 and 111: period. A similar graph appears in
Page 112 and 113: Mean life satisfaction Figure 11.C
Page 114 and 115: Figure 12 GDP, and the average and
Page 116 and 117: 3.1.2. The diminishing returns to i
Page 118 and 119: 3.1.3. “Rather than diminishing m
Page 120 and 121: 3.1.4. Is the time-series correlati
Page 122 and 123: Figure The happiness trend in Mexic
Page 124 and 125: A note on statistical power The dis
Page 128 and 129: Life Satisfaction Life Satisfaction
Page 130 and 131: Life Satisfaction 7.62 7.3 7.08 6.8
Page 132 and 133: insignificant in a well-being equat
Page 134 and 135: p.21). Whether the co-movements bet
Page 136 and 137: Mean happiness in survey (0-10 scal
Page 138 and 139: One important note that can be made
Page 140 and 141: well-being regressions in which bot
Page 142 and 143: and relative to the income they ear
Page 144 and 145: (2010), dummy variables for one’s
Page 146 and 147: 3.3.2 Adaptation Adaptation and the
Page 148 and 149: Knight and Gunatilaka (2009) is an
Page 150 and 151: Life expectancy at birth Infant mor
Page 152 and 153: Average number of children per woma
Page 154 and 155: Infant mortality per 1 ,000 live bi
Page 156 and 157: Trust 8 6 4 2 Evolution of trust We
Page 158 and 159: gradient across countries, if incom
Page 160 and 161: Table Last year Min. Max. Source Fi
Page 162 and 163: The income-happiness nexus: sources
Page 164 and 165: References AKAY, A. and P. MARTINSS
Page 166 and 167: COJOCARU, A. (2010), “On relative
Page 168 and 169: FREY, B.S. and A. STUTZER (2000),
Page 170 and 171: MCBRIDE, M. (2001), “Relative-inc
Page 172 and 173: Comment: Will GDP Growth Raise Well
Page 174 and 175: is relatively uncontroversial as an
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Again, perhaps one ought to advise
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4. “Sustainable Growth”: Do We
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ethical matter and needs to espouse
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Adjacently but independently of the
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4.1. National income and social wel
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In 1970, William Nordhaus and James
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4.2. The challenge of sustainabilit
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nerable to uncontrollable diverging
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The final goods and services genera
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Since the variation of total real n
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It is to be noted that the discount
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This difference is such that the di
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4.4. Sustainable growth: measuring
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Human capital is embodied in people
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Box 3 The notations have already be
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4.5. Sustainable growth: measuring
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the marginal utility of income and
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non-felling of trees. This non-use
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Box 4 Cost-benefit approach The fun
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With respect to the exogenous techn
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duced on the pollution permit marke
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paths. The social discount rate is
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should then be converted into econo
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References AGHION, P., D. HEMOUS an
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KRAVIS, I., A. HESTON and R. SUMMER
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Comment: “Sustainable Growth: Do
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sustainable policies. It seems very
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References SHALIZI, Z. and F. LECOC
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AFD Agence Française de Développe
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Authors’ Biographies
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een that of relative utility or com
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What is AFD ? Agence Française de
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