Chapter 1

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Statistical Annex TABLE SA. I External sector indicators 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Annuai percentage changes Export (fo.b.) in dollars 2.5 -19.4 -6.0 -3.2 -4.0 2.2 20.8 12.2 22.3 20.0 5.5 8.2 -6.5 23.6 Import(f.o.b.)indollars 4.3 -10.3 -8.4 4.2 -15.2 5.9 4.4 21.9 12.1 25.5 -5.7 20.3 -4.2 7.5 Import (fo.b.) in dollars' 4.3 -10.3 -8.4 4.2 -15.2 5.9 4.4 21.9 12.1 25.5 -5.7 24.2 -3.9 6.2 Exportvolume 4.3 -8.9 3.2 1.2 - 1.0 11.7 8.9 8.7 18.8 4.5 4.4 3.1 0.3 18.1 of which: nonenergy 19.2 3.1 5.1 2.7 0.8 11.8 14.6 12.1 17.1 10.0 6.3 0.4 5.0 20.8 Importvolume 11.7 -0.9 -3.4 5.9 -15.2 1.5 -3.4 17.0 10.1 8.9 -7.4 12.6 3.6 4.3 of which: nonenergy 17.5 9.3 -4.1 5.8 -17.5 0.7 -5.9 20.5 7.8 10.0 -6.8 12.4 2.4 3.7 Import volume' 11.7 -0.9 -3.4 5.9 -15.2 1.5 -3.4 17.0 10.1 8.9 -7.4 16.2 2.6 3.0 of which: nonenergy Temms of trade 17.5 9.3 -4.1 5.8 -17.5 0.7 -5.9 20.5 7.8 10.0 -6.8 12.4 2.4 2.2 deterioration(-) Nominal effective 5.3 -2.2 -3.9 -2.7 -3.0 -12.3 2.8 - 1.0 1.1 -0.4 -0.7 -2.1 0.4 1.0 exchange rate Real effective 2.3 -3.4 -2.2 -1.3 -2.6 -16.2 -17.2 -5.2 -4.2 -4.6 -2.3 0.6 -1.8 -1.1 exchange rate -1.1 -1.1 -2.0 -0.4 -0.9 -14.5 -14.0 -2.6 -1.8 -2.7 1.0 2.0 -1.2 0.3 In millions of dinars Changes in trade balance (actual) -156.5 -179.0 - 11.2 -268.1 267.9 -55.9 161.5 -373.0 -34.3 -326.8 375.3 -559.1 -238.8 452.3 Changes in trade balance(calculated) -140.9 -174.0 -18.9 -253.9 240.0 -34.2 131.8 -349.9 -47.7 -31 1.4 344.3 -548.9 -282.8 383.6 Due to volume -130.1 -91.8 104.6 -109.8 368.2 135.3 202.9 -273.0 67.0 -224.3 472.5 -464.6 -178.3 512.1 Duetotermoftrade -10.8 -82.1 -123.5 -144.1 -128.2 -169.5 -71.1 -76.9 -114.7 -87.1 -128.2 -84.3 -104.5 -128.5 Ratio; in percent Tradebalance/GDP -15.7 -17.3 -15.4 -17.8 -12.2 -12.8 -9.2 -12.8 -12.0 -13.6 -9.1 -12.1 -12.9 -9.1 Tradebalance/GDP, Current account -15.7 -17.3 -15.4 -17.8 -12.2 -12.8 -9.2 -12.8 -12.0 -13.6 -9.1 -13.3 -14.3 -10.0 balance/GDP Current account -7.7 -9.4 -7.4 -10.9 -7.1 -8.0 -1.0 1.0 -3.1 -5.5 -4.4 -5.8 -6.7 -1.8 balance/GDP' -7.7 -9.4 -7.4 -10.9 -7.1 -8.0 -1.0 1 .0 -3.1 -5.5 -4.4 -7.0 -8.0 -2.7 Debt service /XGS 15.2 16.2 19.2 22.5 24.7 28.2 28.4 21.9 21.8 24.3 23.8 20.1 20.6 19.0 Total debt/GDP Gross official inter- 42.8 46.4 50.1 51.0 59.0 67.2 70.6 67.2 69.5 61.5 61.9 54.9 59.5 56.4 national reserves (months of imports) 1.8 2.2 2.2 1.5 1.1 1.4 2.1 2.8 2.6 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.6 In millions of dollars OCverall balance of payments Overall balance of -649.1 -767.4 -603.3 -875.4 -588.6 -704.9 -98.5 96.5 -310.8 -679.0 -577.4 -897.3 -973.7 -284.1 payments' Gross offidal inter- -649.1 -767.4 -603.3 -875.4 -588.6 -704.9 -98.5 96.5 -310.8 -679.0 -577.4-1,089.4 -1,147.4 -456.6 national reserves 559.8 606.5 567.2 406.9 232.7 305.3 525.5 899.3 961.9 794.8 789.9 852.0 853.8 1,461.6 Extemaldebt 3,607.3 3,771.7 4,058.3 4,094.0 4,883.7 5,942.9 6,816.9 6,799.4 6,973.9 7,554.9 8,037.8 8,540.2 8,701.3 9,099.6 a. Induding Gazoduc and Miskar. Source: Ministry of Economic Development and World Bank calculations. 62
TABLE SA.2 Fiscal indicators (Percentage of GDP) 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Total revenue 28.8 29.3 32.0 31.6 34.0 31.9 31.8 29.6 30.0 30.1 27.7 26.5 26.7 27.7 27.4 Current revenue 28.7 29.2 31.7 31.2 32.2 31.3 31.2 28.4 28.2 27.2 26.5 25.3 25.7 26.7 26.0 Tax revenue Taxes on income 21.6 21.7 22.6 23.6 23.5 22.7 23.1 20.5 20.3 21.1 20.8 20.2 20.2 20.8 20.4 and profit Taxes on goods 4.6 5.0 5.1 4.7 4.6 4.3 5.4 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.7 4.2 4.1 4.8 4.6 and services Taxes on inter- 12.2 12.3 13.0 14.2 14.3 13.5 16.6 15.3 15.5 16.2 16.0 16.0 16.1 16.0 15.7 national trade 2.9 3.3 4.2 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.1 4.5 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.2 3.7 Other 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Non tax revenue- 7.1 7.4 9.1 7.6 8.7 8.6 8.1 7.9 8.0 6.1 5.7 5.1 5.5 6.0 5.6 Petroleum sector 4.9 5.4 6.9 4.9 5.6 5.5 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.1 3.6 2.1 2.7 2.2 1.9 Others 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.1 3.1 3.6 3.5 3.5 1.9 2.1 3.0 3.2 3.8 Total expenditure 32.2 34.6 37.9 39.2 40.7 36.9 37.3 32.7 33.6 34.0 33.4 30.5 29.9 30.2 28.8 Current expenditure 19.9 22.2 25.0 25.3 25.8 24.7 25.3 23.5 23.3 26.2 24.1 23.4 22.7 23.4 23.1 Wage bill 9.7 9.5 10.6 10.9 10.4 10.4 11.1 10.5 10.5 11.1 10.6 10.9 10.8 10.9 11.2 Goods and services 3.7 3.5 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.2 Total interest payments 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.5 Subsidies and transfers 4.9 7.7 8.6 8.7 9.3 8.0 7.5 6.4 6.4 8.2 6.9 6.1 5.4 5.6 5.2 of which to enterprises 3.1 5.6 6.3 6.6 7.0 5.6 5.2 4.2 4.1 5.6 4.5 3.7 3.1 3.2 2.7 Capital expenditure Central govemment 12.4 12.4 12.9 13.9 14.9 12.2 12.1 9.1 10.3 7.9 9.2 7.1 7.2 6.8 5.7 investment Capital transfer 4.5 4.2 4.0 4.7 4.4 4.5 4.1 3.5 3.6 4.0 4.7 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.3 and subsidies of which equipment 3.6 4.0 4.9 5.6 5.3 4.2 3.9 2.9 2.0 2.1 3.0 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.5 to public enterprise 3.1 3.9 4.5 5.1 4.7 3.7 3.6 2.6 2.0 1.8 2.6 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.2 Net loans 0.8 1.5 2.2 2.4 2.4 0.7 2.0 0.6 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 Other capital uses 3.5 2.5 1.6 0.8 2.5 2.2 1.4 1.1 3.3 1.0 0.7 0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.8 Current balance 8.8 6.9 6.7 5.9 6.3 6.6 5.9 4.9 4.9 1.1 2.3 1.9 2.3 3.4 2.8 PrinmarybaJance -1.8 -3.7 -4.1 -5.7 -4.6 -2.7 -2.8 -0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -2.6 -1.1 0.7 0.8 Overall deficit -3.4 -5.2 -6.0 -7.6 -6.7 -4.9 -5.5 -3.1 -3.6 -4.0 -5.7 -5.3 -2.8 -3.3 -2.7 Total financing 3.4 5.2 6.0 7.6 6.7 4.9 5.5 3.1 3.6 4.0 5.7 5.9 2.8 3.3 2.7 Net foreign financing 0.9 2.3 3.7 5.0 3.6 2.4 3.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.9 1.2 0.5 1.2 1.3 Net domestic financing 2.5 2.9 2.2 2.6 3.1 2.6 2.5 2.1 1.7 2.9 2.7 4.7 2.3 2.1 1.3 a. Nontax revenue is defined as the sum of the oil revenue, interest and dividends, and transfers from socoa security to the Government. Source. Ministry of Economic Development, Compte consolidc! de l'Etat, table v- I to v.8. SaTAnSCAL ANNEX 63
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Public Disclosure Authorized Public
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Copyright i 1996 The International
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Education policies 20 Basic educati
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2.4 Demand for telephone connection
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Acknowledgments The report is a pro
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STIL Soci&e Tunisienne d'Industrial
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Executive summary Elements of Tunis
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ments and controlling the expansion
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Progress in strengthening market fo
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investment banking, restructure som
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Chapter 1 Macroeconomic policy The
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Box .I Monetary policy Instruments,
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TALE 1.3 Main monetary Indicators 1
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national markets and ensure the sus
Page 31 and 32:
domestic production, and inducing a
Page 33 and 34: was actually higher than that for t
Page 35: public banks and enterprises reveal
Page 38 and 39: (10 percent), and Malaysia (12 perc
Page 40 and 41: Infrastructure services: Provision
Page 42 and 43: on a pilot basis and is studying th
Page 44 and 45: or in the public sector. The Bank i
Page 46 and 47: onmental issues and their relation
Page 48 and 49: several industrial zones. Despite t
Page 50 and 51: vocational education more relevant
Page 52 and 53: also showed high effective rates of
Page 54 and 55: try an opportunity to accelerate a
Page 56 and 57: BOX 3.2 Free trade zones: Maximizin
Page 58 and 59: largest share of total employment (
Page 60 and 61: encouraging results and provides us
Page 62 and 63: ill market and to modernize the leg
Page 64 and 65: price/earnings ratio of about 25 in
Page 66 and 67: achieve their intended objectives i
Page 68 and 69: TABLE 4.2 crisis brought about an 7
Page 70 and 71: costly process of adjustment, the a
Page 72 and 73: ented economy The growth of exports
Page 74 and 75: as a whole, but the related transit
Page 76 and 77: Land degradation and water scarcity
Page 78 and 79: TABLE 5.1 Poky otfecdt Short term M
Page 80 and 81: TABLE 5.2 Complementary reforms (co
Page 82 and 83: IMF (International Monetasy Fund).
Page 86 and 87: TABLE SA.3 Public sector accounts,
Page 88 and 89: TABLE Sk6 GNP, output, and governme
Page 90 and 91: TABLE SA.8 Money, credit, prices, a
Page 92 and 93: TABLE SA IO Key economic variables,
Page 96: __s~~~~0 I _ 1 , h 5 .*-~. 5~~~ i -
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