XML Simplified

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Module 1 Introduction to XML Concepts 1.1.2 Evolution of XML In order to address the issues raised by earlier markup languages, the Extensible Markup Language (XML) was created. XML is a W3C recommendation. XML is a set of rules for defining semantic tags that break a document into parts and identify the different parts of the document. XML was developed over HTML because of the basic differences between them given in table 1.1. HTML HTML was designed to display data. HTML displays data and focuses on how data looks. HTML displays information. XML XML was designed to carry data. XML describes data and focuses on what data is. XML describes information. Table 1.1: Differences between HTML and XML Figure 1.2 shows an XML code. Figure 1.2: An XML Code 1.1.3 Features of XML Features of XML are as follows: ‣ ¾ XML stands for Extensible Markup Language ‣ ¾ XML is a markup language much like HTML ‣ ¾ XML was designed to describe data ‣ ¾ XML tags are not predefined. You must define your own tags ‣ ¾ XML uses a DTD or an XML Schema to describe the data ‣ ¾ XML with a DTD or XML Schema is designed to be self-descriptive Version 1.0 © Aptech Limited XML Simplified
Module 1 Introduction to XML 1.1.4 XML Markup XML markup defines the physical and logical layout of the document. XML can be considered as an information container. It contains shapes, labels, structures and also protects information. XML employs a tree-based structure to represent a document. The basic foundation of XML is laid down by symbols embedded in the text known as markup. The markup combines the text and extra information about the text like its structure and presentation. The markup divides the information into a hierarchy of character data and container-like elements and its attributes. A number of software programs process electronic documents use a markup. Concepts The underlying unit of XML is a character. The combination of characters is known as an entity. These entities are either present in the entity declaration or in a text file stored externally. All the characters are grouped together to form an XML document. XML’s markup divides a document into separate information containers called elements. A document consists of one outermost element called root element that contains all the other elements, plus some optional administrative information at the top, known as XML declaration. The following code demonstrates the elements. Code Snippet: - Rose $1 Red in color 700 where, , , and inside the tags are elements. and are the root elements. The usage of XML can be observed in many real-life scenarios. It can be used in the fields of information sharing, single application usage, content delivery, re-use of data, separation of data and presentation, semantics, and so forth. News agencies are a common place where XML is used. News producers and news consumers often use a standard specification named XMLNews to produce, retrieve, and relay information across different systems in the world. Note: XML is a subset of SGML, with the same goals, but with as much of the complexity eliminated as possible. This means that any document which follows XML’s syntax rules will also follow SGML’s syntax rules, and can therefore be read by existing SGML tools. XML Simplified Version 1.0 © Aptech Limited
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Page 49 and 50: Module 2 Namespaces Module Overview
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Module 3 DTDs ‣ ¾ DTDs support o
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Module 3 DTDs The following code de
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Module 3 DTDs Figure 3.3 depicts th
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Module 3 DTDs 3.3.2 Valid XML docum
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Module 3 DTDs Knowledge Check 3 1.
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Module 3 DTDs (C) ]> Noki
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Module 3 DTDs 3.4.1 Declaring Eleme
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Module 3 DTDs Value Description Syn
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Module 3 DTDs ‣ ¾ #FIXED ‣ ¾
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Module 3 DTDs Mixed content entitie
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Module 3 DTDs The following code de
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Module 3 DTDs (C) (D) ]>
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4Module XML Schema Module Overview
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Module 4 XML Schema The following X
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Module 4 XML Schema Figure 4.3 depi
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Module 4 XML Schema The additional
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Module 4 XML Schema Syntax: Code S
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Module 4 XML Schema 4.3.1 Complex T
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Module 4 XML Schema 4.3.2 Defining
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Module 4 XML Schema Knowledge Check
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Module 4 XML Schema 4.4.2 Datatypes
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Module 4 XML Schema There are 12 fa
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Module 4 XML Schema ‣ ¾ Fixed Th
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Module 4 XML Schema Module Summary
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5Module Style Sheets Module Overvie
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Module 5 Style Sheets ‣ ¾ Extens
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Module 5 Style Sheets ‣ ¾ value
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Module 5 Style Sheets url is the UR
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Module 5 Style Sheets Syntax: #attr
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Module 5 Style Sheets colorValue co
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Module 5 Style Sheets Figure 5.11 s
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Module 5 Style Sheets The output is
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Module 5 Style Sheets Color { paddi
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Module 5 Style Sheets Figure 5.38 s
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Module 5 Style Sheets value Floatin
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Module 5 Style Sheets 5.4.2 Inherit
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6Module XSL and XSLT Module Overvie
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Module 6 XSL and XSLT XSL consists
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Module 6 XSL and XSLT 6.1.5 XSLT St
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Module 6 XSL and XSLT NaN="string":
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Module 6 XSL and XSLT The following
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Module 6 XSL and XSLT The following
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Module 6 Figure 6.7 shows the code
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Module 6 XSL and XSLT Module Summar
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Module 7 More on XSLT XPath provide
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Module 7 More on XSLT ‣ ¾ Attrib
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Module 7 More on XSLT Concepts 7.2
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Module 7 More on XSLT 7.2.6 String
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Module 7 More on XSLT Concepts 7.3.
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Answers to Knowledge Checks Answers
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Answers to Knowledge Checks Answers
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