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Module 7 More on XSLT Concepts 7.2 XPath Expressions and Functions In this second lesson, XPath Expressions and Functions, you will learn to: ‣ ¾ State and explain the various XPath expressions and functions. ‣ ¾ List the node set functions. ‣ ¾ List the boolean functions. ‣ ¾ State the numeric functions. ‣ ¾ Describe the string functions. ‣ ¾ Explain what result tree fragments are. 7.2.1 XPath Expressions XPath Expressions are statements that can extract useful information from the XPath tree. Instead of just finding nodes, one can count them, add up numeric values, compare strings, and more. They are much like statements in a functional programming language. Every XPath expression evaluates to a single value. There are four types of expressions in XPath. They are: ‣ ¾ Node-set A node-set is an unordered group of nodes from the input document that match an expression's criteria. ‣ ¾ Boolean A boolean has one of two values: true or false. XSLT allows any kind of data to be transformed into a boolean. This is often done implicitly when a string or a number or a node-set is used where a boolean is expected. ‣ ¾ Number XPath numbers are numeric values useful for counting nodes and performing simple arithmetic. The numbers like 43 or –7000 that look like integers are stored as doubles. Non-number values, such as strings and booleans, are converted to numbers automatically as necessary. Version 1.0 © Aptech Limited XML Simplified
Module 7 More on XSLT ‣ ¾ String A String is a sequence of zero or more Unicode characters. Other data types can be converted to strings using the string() function. Concepts Note: The XPath expression syntax includes literal forms for strings and numbers as well as operators and functions for manipulating all four XPath data types. 7.2.2 XPath Functions XPath defines various functions required for XPath 2.0, XQuery 1.0 and XSLT 2.0. The different functions are Accessor, AnyURI, Node, Error and Trace, Sequence, Context, Boolean, Duration/Date/ Time, String, QName and Numeric. XML Path Language (XPath) functions can be used to refine XPath queries and enhance the programming power and flexibility of XPath. Each function in the function library is specified using a function prototype that provides the return type, function name, and argument type. If an argument type is followed by a question mark, the argument is optional; otherwise, the argument is required. Function names are casesensitive. The default prefix for the function namespace is fn. 7.2.3 Node-set Functions Node-set functions take a node-set argument. These return a node-set, or information about a particular node within a node-set. The different node-set functions are name(), local-name(), namespace-uri() and root(). XML Simplified Version 1.0 © Aptech Limited
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XML Simplified
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Dear Learner, We congratulate you o
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Aptech New Products Design Model 1
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Table of Contents Sessions 1. Intro
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Module 1 Introduction to XML Markup
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Module 2 Namespaces Module Overview
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Module 3 DTDs Module Overview Welco
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4Module XML Schema Module Overview
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