lt tDrtrcnr or Eleiro.ics, Td@6o!!iolio, & ttior.di.rl E.linerttrg
lt tDrtrcnr or Eleiro.ics, Td@6o!!iolio, & ttior.di.rl E.linerttrg
lt tDrtrcnr or Eleiro.ics, Td@6o!!iolio, & ttior.di.rl E.linerttrg
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and de d.lrt con. h is al$ a fu@tion of th. lop<strong>or</strong>ogy of lhe .xF.sio.'lhe<br />
congdrion cos! d.hy c6r, md fie .xpssion 6l !a dcscrib.d b.low in nm d.6il.<br />
nN FCPR ileodrhN uscs rtu snc congNlion *l tuicliotr as lhc VPR ruuls [l4l<br />
'lhc VPR cong6rion sr r'uncrion is bricny sumrntrircd h€E f<strong>or</strong> @nplcrenc$. A<br />
con8*lion cost is .s,gied to ach nodc, n. in lh. buling lsue goph<br />
^s shown<br />
ir Equation 5.l.lhis congdrion c6l is a Doduct o<strong>lt</strong>he bas cosl b{n), rhe curent<br />
congcsrion cost. p{i), and rhc hist<strong>or</strong>ic cong.sion cosl, h(n) Th. b6e @sl b(n), is a<br />
lunclio. of $e outins estre tyPe. Di,tccnr ouling t@cs oE dsiSnol<br />
<strong>di</strong>indnt brs cos valucs as shown in T.bl. 5.1.<br />
co36ud-totr"F dI' P{,' il<strong>rl</strong><br />
Trble 5.1: b(r) v<strong>rl</strong>u6 r<strong>or</strong> E!.h TyF. ol Routitrg Rs!ff<br />
Thc curcnt congcnion sr. p(n). iJ d.fin.d lo b. a lunctio of th' <strong>di</strong>r'Ence bd*s<br />
rh. cumnt @up!rcy of tn. nod. tnd th. qpecilv of th. node s shoM in Equaxon<br />
5.2, The $alins fact<strong>or</strong>, plhc, in Equarion 5.2 is slled the mudng ehedule of the<br />
rc$cr. Thc inilial v.lue ol pfac is a smlll (< 0 5). s durinS catlv ilcErions rhe<br />
curcd ong6tion of$c nod. k sma Fn of lhc robl cost of rh' nod' This<br />
'll<strong>or</strong>s<br />
.&h node to be usd moE thf itt €poci<strong>lt</strong> .llos Th€ v.lue ol pfac i! incssd bt<br />
a lacr<strong>or</strong> of 1.5 to 2 dui.g e&h ourins ireotion So duins fic lanet henrioN th'
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