Action, capturing, 44Alignment, gestalt principle and, 43Alignments, 15Anatomical form, 38, 41Arms, box shapes in, 38Body language, 78–89. See also PoseCast shadow, 114Character, 91–97See also PeopleClose or portrait, 100–101Closed pose, 81Close-up, 100Clothing 65See also DraperyColor, materials for, 9Composition, gesture of, 24Compressing values, 118–119Core shadow, 114Creativity, 120Cross-contour lines, 27Cubic forms, 31–33Cylindrical form, 34–35Direct light, 114Drapery, 46–65billowing fold, 58–59creating volume with, 64inert fold, 60–61interlocking fold, 52–53pipe fold, 48–49simplifying, 63spiral fold, 54–55swag fold, 50–51tension and compression, 47zigzag fold, 56–57Drawing, observational, 10–19Drawing speed, 24–25Emotion, 78, 85Equatorial line, 27Expression, 66–77gesture of, 68–71hands and, 89reference photos for, 76–77simplified, 67Fabric. See DraperyFeeling, simplifying for, 63Fifteen-minute sketch, 11Figurecubic, 32–33spherical, 29–30Flying fold, 58–59Folds. See DraperyFormbasic. See Anatomical form; Cubic form;Cylindrical form; Spherical formbuilding from gesture, 40–41combining, 36–37gestalt and, 42–43light effects on, 114practicing, 39simplified, of head, 73Full proximity, 100–101Gallery, 122–126Gestalt principle, 42–43Gesture, 20–25building form from, 40–41of cloth, 62–63of expressions, 68–71gestalt and, 43hands and, 87sketching, 65volume and, 45Group, staging, 105Halftone, 114Handsbody language and, 86built from boxes, 32construction of, 88expression and, 89gesture and, 87Headin gesture drawing, 21hair, 74–75light effects on, 115simplified, 73skull, 72–73width of, 16Highlight, 114Iconic pose, 79Inert fold, 60–61Interlocking fold, 52–53Landmarks, 16–17Leaning, 82–83Light, 110direct, 114effects on head, 115modeling, 113qualities of, 115shadow and, 116See also ValueLinecross-contour, 27equatorial, 27for pose and expression, 25Local value, 112Medium proximity, 100–101Medium-close proximity, 100–101Medium-full proximity, 100–101Model, drawing from, 11Modeling light, 113Muscles, 18–19, 38Negative shapes, 15Observational drawing, 10–19, 23Open poses, 80Peoplestaging, 104–105See also CharacterPipe fold, 48–49interrupted, 56Point-to-point technique, 12–14Poseclosed, 81developing, 85iconic, 79leaning, 82–83open, 80symmetry and, 84Positive shapes, 15Proportion, 16–17Proximity, 100–101Reflected light, 114Scenebuilding, 106creating, 107Settingcharacter and, 91–93extending, 108simple, 92Shadowcast, 114core, 114light and, 116Shapes, positive and negative, 15Simplified expressions, 67Sketch, planning, 15Sketchbookreal settings, 91functions of, 8keeping it handy, 107Sketching materials, 9Skin, muscle and, 19Skull, 72–73Spherical forms, 27–30Spiral fold, 54–55Staging, 90–109building a scene, 106–109character blocking, 94–97character and setting, 91–93people, 104–105proximity, 100–101simple (exercises), 102–103story and, 93, 102vantage point, 98–99Stationary subjects, 45Storyfinding, 108staging and, 93, 102Studio skills, 11Swag fold, 50–51Symmetry, 84Three-quarters angle, 84Tracing paper, 36Value, 110–119compressing, 118–119local, 112unifying, 117volume and, 111See also LightValue scales, 118Vantage point, 98–99Volumecreating with drapery, 64sketching with, 44–45three-dimensional, 63value and, 111Watercolor, 9Zigzag fold, 56–57INDEX
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