BTJ 3/2008 - Baltic Transport Journal

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Report Seaport equipment and facilities An offer for today, an investment In order to meet customers’ requirements and to adapt to the changing market, producers of port equipment try to provide more and more automated solutions containing future-oriented options. The goal is to create such solutions which allow further development of the port devices. Many equipment manufacturers have meanwhile changed from a machinery producer to a supplier of complete handling management systems. Others play the market by specialising in one type of machinery. As the variety of available equipment is a very broad topic, we decided to focus on the main producers and their key products, dividing our overview into several sections based on port operations: • ship loading and discharging equipment, • quayside to stackyard/warehouse transportation, • storage and distribution of containers (stackyard operations), • intermodal/trimodal transhipment, • bulk and general cargo handling. First, let us however take a closer look at the main trends in a port’s technology development, which constantly leads to improvements in: • handling operations flexibility, quality and efficiency, • complexity of projects, solutions and services, • expansion of handling storage and transport activities, • better terminal planning (involving a further development of existing/new facilities), • used equipment customized modernization and conversion programmes, • customized software packages to test the interplay of modules in a virtual environment, • complete service packages (including consulting services supporting the purchase). Ship loading and discharging equipment Let us start with ship-to-shore transhipment and cranes which, traditionally, are the core of any harbour business. They are widely used for fast, highperformance and cost-effective loading/off-loading of a variety of goods, from bulk and general cargo, via containers, to project and heavy-lift. 26 | Baltic Transport Journal | 3/2008 This makes them useful both in a small multi-purpose port as well as in a large terminal. The most popular types of cranes are: Mobile Harbour Cranes (MHC), Portal Harbour Cranes (PHC) equipped with a rail-mounted portal instead of the tyre-mounted chassis usually used for Harbour Cranes and Floating Cranes (FC). The competition is high and companies always try to stand out. Gottwald Port Technology GmbH, which invented the MHC about 50 years ago, is now strongly promoting its new Generation 5 Harbour Cranes with the motto: “You name it, we crane it”. The idea behind the new series is custom built products for individual demands of the client. It is possible due to the block principle construction with the use of many identical parts. Gottwald Generation 5 Harbour Cranes offer: • up to 20% higher handling rates, • lifting capacities up to 200 tons, • up to a max. 63-t grab curve, • cargo handling on all ship sizes right up to post-Panamax ships, • a longer service life. Typical examples of possible applications are: • intensive, high-speed container handling (also in a twin lift mode) on ships of all sizes, • container handling on vessels of special sizes e.g., Panamax ships, • container handling and a high percentage of heavy-load lifting operations in multipurpose terminals, • a high-level performance in continuous-duty professional bulk handling operation (with 4-rope grab), • frequent changing between different types of cargo handling, including container, general cargo and bulk handling, in small and medium-sized multipurpose terminals, • high handling speeds at low lifting capacities, for handling pallets, for example. Gottwald’s main competitor in the field of MHC is Liebherr which has got more than 30 years of experience in this area. Today they offer a balanced range of models. The LHM product range, with its combination of well-established functions and many additional features, is the tool for easy, highly efficient cargo handling. Liebherr Harbour Mobile Cranes offer: • highly efficient container handling, bulk operations up to 1,500 metric tons/hour, handling of scrap or general cargo and even heavy lifts up to 140 metric tons – just by an easy exchange of the lifting attachment, • leading-edge crane undercarriage technology with manoeuvrability and low ground pressure, • an in-house design Litronic® system and the patented Cycoptronic® cycle optimizing the electronic crane control system.
for the future However, this is not the flexible MHCs, but huge ship-to-shore gantries that have truly revolutionized container handling on/off the vessels on a big scale. STS Gantries lift objects by a hoist fitted in a trolley that moves horizontally on rails. This concept is said to have been initially developed by the US-based Paceco Corporation in the 1960s (and produced by this company till now under the licensed name of Portainer). STS Gantries are now produced by many manufacturers, including the European Liebherr Container Cranes, Kalmar Industries, Konecranes, the South American IMPSA, the Chinese Zhenhua Port Machinery Company (ZPMC), and others. Liebherr offers an extensive range of STS cranes from a Panamax size to the latest generation of Megamax and Malacca-max cranes with safe working loads from 40 to 120 metric tons (4 x 20-ft. containers each weighing 30 metric tons). Container transport from quayside to stackyard Gottwald manufactures an entire fleet of Automated Guided Vehicles for automated container transport between the quay and the stack. These unmanned transporters can carry 20’, 40’ and even 45’ containers and operate under computer control using Gottwald’s own Management and Navigation Software. Also Fixed and Travelling Cargo Cranes produced by Liebherr are a good solution for installation at quaysides, in harbours and in dock- Report yards available on fixed pedestals (FCC), or on rail-mounted travelling gantries (TCC). The FCC and TCC ranges are economical, space-saving solutions for cargo handling with vessels up to the Panamax size. This relatively new concept is ideal for harbours and dockyards with limited room for manoeuvring, where low ground pressures are essential or Liebherr Fixed and Travelling Cranes offer: • a low initial outlay, economical operating and maintenance costs, • compatibility with different types of cranes to suit all cargoes and ensure maximum handling efficiency, e.g., wire luffing, cylinder luffing, heavy-duty bulk or double-girder grab/container cranes, • the extensive range of working attachments enabling the crane to be configured for specific purposes (container or bulk handling), multi-purpose operations or special applications, • control systems with a hydraulic load sensing control (LSC) or a Liebherr Litronic® high-speed control system, • an unrestricted view of the work area and the load. where rail-mounted cranes are called for. The slewing cranes themselves are all proven designs with capacities of up to 300 metric tons. The best choice for terminals handling between 100,000 and 4,000,000 TEU per year are handling systems based on straddle carries. A wide range of carrier models are offered in the market. Modern solutions contain stronger side frame for continuous twin lift operation and modular drive system with direct driven wheel hubs which ensures driver comfort in operation works and good visibility of operation space and sur- 3/2008 | Baltic Transport Journal | 27
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BTJ 3/2008 - Baltic Transport Journal

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