CONTENTS

J. Duhok Univ., Vol.14, No.1 (Pure and Eng. Sciences), Pp 30-38, 2011
Furthermore, SBP was decreased on the
second week of melatonin in combination with
vitamin C treatment, while vitamin C and E
combination did not change it significantly on
the same week, however, their combination
reduced SBP on the fourth weeks. As noted in
the same table(1), Interestingly, melatonin in
combination with vitamin E or C reduced SBP
statistically more than vitamin E, C and their
combinations. Meanwhile, melatonin, vitamin C
,vitamin E and their combinations treatments
caused the same degree of SBP reduction on the
eighth and tenth weeks.
Heart rate was elevated only on the last ten
week of Pb treatment. Co-administration of
melatonin and vitamin E caused a significant
decrease in heart rate on the eighth weeks of
treatments. However, melatonin supplementation
alone did not change heart rate, but its
combination with vitamin C and E reduced
it significantly.
After 10 weeks of Pb treatment, serum NO
was markedly reduced (12.971 ±0.835 μmol/L)
compared to control group (14.991 ±0.461
μmol/L). On the other hand, a significant
increase in serum NO concentration was
recorded when rats treated with melatonin,
vitamin C, vitamin E and their
combinations,(Table 3). Serum calcium was
decreased in Pb treated rats (9.9458 ±0.691 mg/
dL) , whereas serum sodium and potassium did
not change. However, vitamin E increased serum
calcium (11.1954 ±0.47 mg/dL), and its
combination with vitamin C reduced and
restored it to the Pb group (9.5164 ±0.266
mg/dL)(Table 3). Administration of vitamin E ,
C and their co-administrations caused an
increase in serum sodium, Furthermore,
melatonin and its combination with vitamin E
and C decreased serum potassium significantly
compared with Pb group. There were no
statistical changes in body weight and food
intake among the studied groups, however,coadministration
of melatonin and vitamin E
slightly reduced it comparing with Pb group.
Table( 3):- Effects of melatonin, vitamin E, vitamin C and their combination on serum NO, sodium ,potassium
and calcium in rats treated with lead acetate.
Treatments
Parameters Treatments
Control
Na +
Pb
Pb + Mel
Pb + Vit E
Pb + Vi C
Pb + Mel + Vit E
Pb + Me l+ Vit C
Pb + Vit E + Vit C
Serum NO
14.994 ± 0.461 abc
14.091 ±0.950 ab
12.971 ±0.835 a
16.434 ±0.367 c
15.680 ±0.434 bc
16.251 ±1.084 bc
16.76 ±0.379 bc
15.11 ±0.592bc
15.400 ±0.770 bc
Serum Na +
143.18 ±0.954 ab
146.96 ±2.430 abc
139.77 ±2.798 a
143.05 ±1.387 ab
154.69 ±2.306 c
153.61 ±3.372 c
147.12 ±2.444 abc
139.67 ±3.351 a
150.87 ±2.786b c
Serum K +
3.7661 ±0.113 de
3.5879 ±0.079 cd
3.7921 ±0.244 de
3.0851 ±0.168 a
3.6802 ±0.090 cde
3.2665±0.134 abc
3.1209 ±0.111 ab
3.1504 ±0.178 ab
3.8600 ±0.151 cde
Serum Ca 2+
9.4778 ±0.226 a
11.3385 ±0.435 b
9.9458 ±0.691 a
10.6886 ±0.537 ab
11.1954 ±0.470 b
10.1625 ±0.610 ab
10.0619 ±0.350 ab
10.8201±0.380 ab
9.5164 ±0.266 a
Table (4):- Effects of melatonin, vitamin E, vitamin C and their combinations on body weight in lead treated
rats during 10 weeks of treatments
Treatments Body weight (grams)
1 st week 2 nd week 4 th week 6 th week
Control 250.1±8.75 a
261.0 ±18.0 a
261.3 ±6.4 a
262.1±6.77 a
Na +
261.8±13.9 a
272.3 ±26.5 a
267.5±10.7 a
271.1±9.83 a
Pb 257.8 ±20.2 a
270.1 ±40.0 a
258.8 ±10.8 a
277.1±14.8 a
Pb + Mel
254.1±10.8 a
259.3 ±26.4 a
265.3±13.9 a
279.1±19.7 a
Pb + Vit E 273.0 ±6.12 a
274.6 ±19.8 a
261.0±12.7 a
261.3±9.75 a
Pb + Vi C
268.0 ±7.86 a
287.8 ±21. a
284.0±9.41 a
280.6±9.43 a
Pb + Mel + Vit E 265.8 ±6.15 a
267.6 ±19.2 a
267.3±6.98 a
267.8±4.96 a
Pb + Me l+ Vit C 249.00±14.2 a
264.8 ±28.4 a
261.3 ±6.4 a
262.1±6.77 a
Pb + Vit E + Vit
C
266.3 ±18.7 a
280.8 ±31.9 a
267.5±10.7 a
271.1±9.83 a
Similar letters indicate no significant difference.
Different letters indicate significant difference at P