Learning Processing: A Beginner's Guide to Programming Images ...

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� student � � id � 002 � /id � � name � Zoog � /name � � phone � 555-555-5555 � /phone � � email � zoog@planetzoron.uni � /email � � address � � street � 45.3 Nebula 5 � /street � � city � Boolean City � /city � � state � Booles � /state � � zip � 12358 � /zip � � /address � � /student � � /students � Data Input 345 Note the similarities to object-oriented programming. We could think of the XML tree in the following terms. Th e XML document represents an array of student objects. Each student object has multiple pieces of information, an id, a name, a phone number, an e-mail address, and a mailing address. Th e mailing address is also an object that also has multiple pieces of data, such as street, city, state, and zip. Exercise 18-11: Revisit the “ Bubble ” Example 18-3. Design an XML tree structure for Bubble objects. Diagram the tree and write out the XML source. (Use the empty diagram and fi ll in the blanks below.) � ?xml version = "1.0"? � � ________ � � bubble � � ________ � 40 � /________ � � ________ � 100 � /________ � � ________ � 255 � /green � �________ � � /bubbles � Returning to the weather example, we can now make some sense of Yahoo’s XML data with the tree structure terms of a tree. Here is the raw XML source. (Note I have edited it for simplifi cation purposes.)
346 Learning Processing � ?xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " UTF-8 " standalone = " yes " ? � � rss version = " 2.0 " xmlns:yweather = " http://xml.weather.yahoo.com/ns/rss/1.0 " � � channel � � item � � title � Conditions for New York, NY at 3:51 pm EST � /title � � geo:lat � 40.67 � /geo:lat � � geo:long � -73.94 � /geo:long � � link � http://xml.weather.yahoo.com/forecast/USNY0996_f.html � /link � � pubDate � Mon, 20 Feb 2006 3:51 pm EST � /pubDate � � yweather:condition text = " Fair " code = " 34 " temp = " 35 " date = " Mon, 20 Feb 2006 3:51 pm EST " / � � yweather:forecast day = " Mon " date = " 20 Feb 2006 " low = " 25 " high = " 37 " text = " Clear " code = " 31 " / � � /item � � /channel � � /rss � Th e data is mapped in the tree stucture shown in Figure 18.13 . RSS Channel item title fi g. 18.13 geo:lat geo:long link pub Date y weather: condition y weather: forecast You may be wondering what the top level “ RSS ” is all about. Yahoo’s XML weather data is provided in RSS format. RSS stands for “ Really Simple Syndication ” and is a standardized XML format for syndicating web content (such as news articles, etc.). You can read more about RSS on wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS . Now that we have a handle on the tree structure, we should look at the specifi cs inside that structure. With the exception of the fi rst line (which simply indicates that this page is XML formatted), this XML document contains a nested list of elements , each with a start tag, that is, � channel � , and an end tag, that is, � /channel � . Some of these elements have content between the tags: � title � Conditions for New York, NY at 3:51 pm EST � /title � and some have attributes (formatted by Attribute Name equals Attribute Value in quotes ): � yweather:forecast day = " Mon " date = " 20 Feb 2006 " low = " 25 " high = " 37 " text = " Clear " code = " 31 " / � Th ere are several XML Parsing libraries available for Processing and we will explore two in this chapter. Th e fi rst, designed for this book, is the simplest (but has the fewest features): the simpleML library. simpleML can perform the following three tasks: • Retrieve the text from one XML element as a String . • Retrieve the text from one attribute of an XML element as a String . • Retrieve the text from many XML elements (with the same tag) as an array of Strings .
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Learning Processing A Beginner’s
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Learning Processing A Beginner’s
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Contents Acknowledgments vii Introd
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Acknowledgments In the fall of 2001
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Introduction What is this book? Th
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Introduction xi While both of these
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Introduction xiii Th e book is desi
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Introduction xv Th is book’s web
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Introductory Exercise: Write instru
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Lesson One The Beginning 1 Pixels 2
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1 Pixels “ A journey of a thousan
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1.2 Simple Shapes Pixels 5 Th e vas
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 fi g. 1.9 top l
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1.3 Pixels 9 Exercise 1-3: Reverse
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Example 1-2: noFill ( ) background(
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fi g. 1.19 Pixels 13 Exercise 1-5:
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colorMode(RGB,100); Pixels 15 Th e
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2 2.1 Processing “ Computers in t
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fi g. 2.2 Once you have opened the
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Let’s write a fi rst example ( se
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Line 9 fi g. 2.6 Processing is case
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fi g. 2.7 Processing 25 Processing
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Example 2-1: Zoog again size(200,20
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Processing 29 To see the applet wor
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3 3.1 Interaction “ Always rememb
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Let’s look at what will surely be
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3.3 Variation with the Mouse Intera
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Draw Zoog's eyes fill(0); ellipse(8
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3.4 Mouse Clicks and Key Presses In
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Draw Zoog's eyes fill(mo useX,0,mou
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Lesson Two Everything You Need to K
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4 4.1 Variables “ All of the book
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4.2 Variable Declaration and Initia
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A variable can also be initialized
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x = 5; x = a + b; x = y - 10 * 20;
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void draw() { // Draw the backgroun
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4.6 Random: Variety is the spice of
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4.7 Example 4-7: Filling variables
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5 5.1 Conditionals Conditionals 59
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Finally, for testing multiple condi
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Conditionals 63 It is worth pointin
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Conditionals 65 Getting into the ha
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Our fi rst instinct might be to wri
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5.5 Multiple Rollovers Conditionals
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Conditionals 71 We can then check t
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5.7 Conditionals 73 Exercise 5-8: E
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Reversing the Polarity of a Number
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One way to solve this problem is to
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Display the square fill(0); noStrok
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6 Loops “ Repetition is the reali
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Loops 83 (see Chapter 5). However,
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while (y < 100) { // Loop! } 3. Wha
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while (x < = endLegs) { line(x,y,x,
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Th e same exact loop can be program
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Loops 91 Th is was a nice simplifi
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6.6 Loop Inside the Main Loop Loops
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6.7 float distance = abs(mouseX - i
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Draw Zoog's legs stroke(0); line(x-
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Lesson Three Organization 7 Functio
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7 7.1 Functions “ When it’s all
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7.2 “ User Defi ned ” Functions
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Example 5-6: Bouncing ball // Decla
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7.5 Functions 107 Exercise 7-3: Tak
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Functions 109 It should be fairly a
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int globalX = 0; int globalY = 100;
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void setup() { println( "a"); funct
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If we did not include a return stat
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7.8 Zoog Reorganization Zoog is now
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void draw() { } background(0); // D
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8 8.1 Objects “ No object is so b
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Setup: Draw: Initialize car color.
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Objects 125 • The Class Name—Th
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Objects 127 One other thing; with t
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fi g. 8.1 fi g. 8.2 fi g. 8.4 fi g.
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Objects 131 Nevertheless, this is q
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void draw() { } background(100); ba
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Objects 135 modular, reusable packa
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Lesson Three Project Step 1. Take y
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Lesson Four More of the Same 9 Arra
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9 Arrays “ I might repeat to myse
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Car myCar80 Car myCar81 Car myCar82
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9.3 Declaring and Creating an Array
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9.4 Initializing an Array One way t
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Example 9-5: Using a for loop to in
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Arrays 151 Now comes the hard part.
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9.7 Arrays 153 Exercise 9-7: Rewrit
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9.8 Interactive Objects Arrays 155
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Check if point is inside of Stripe
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alls[i].gravity(); balls[i].move();
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Draw Zoog's arms with a for loop fo
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Lesson Five Putting It All Together
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10 10.1 Algorithms “ Lather. Rins
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Translating the preceding algorithm
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void draw() { background(255); stro
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Example 10-2: Bouncing ball class c
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Now that the function is complete,
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10.6 // Constructor Ball(float temp
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Algorithms 177 With the above logic
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Drop() { r = 8; // All raindrops ar
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Example 10-7: Drops one at a time /
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Algorithms 183 Notice how every sin
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oolean intersecting = ball1.interse
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} void setLocation(float tempX, flo
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Algorithms 189 It is important to r
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11 Debugging “ Th e diff erence b
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Debugging 193 Once all the code is
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12 Libraries “ If truth is beauty
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or /Applications/Processing 0135/ c
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Lesson Six The World Revolves Aroun
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13 Mathematics Mathematics 201 “
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Mathematics 203 Th erefore, modulo
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Th e probability of a coin fl ippin
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13.6 Perlin Noise Mathematics 207 O
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Mathematics 209 How quickly we incr
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It is fairly intuitive for us to th
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fi g. 13.9 y-axis sine(theta) � y
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Example 13-6: Oscillation float the
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Mathematics 217 In 1975, Benoit Man
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Mathematics 219 said about recursio
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Mathematics 221 A two-dimensional a
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Example 13-10: Two-dimensional arra
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} void display() { } // FILL IN Mat
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14 14.1 Translation and Rotation (i
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Our fi rst instinct might be to add
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Example 14-3: A rectangle moving al
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When using the OPENGL mode, you mus
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Translation and Rotation (in 3D!) 2
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14.5 fill(150,150); vertex(-t, t,-t
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14.6 Example 14-5: Rectangle rotati
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fill(0,100); // Note the use of pus
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14.9 Example 14-17: Nested push and
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stroke(0); fill(175); ellipse(0,0,d
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Lesson Seven Pixels Under a Microsc
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15 Images Images 255 “ Politics w
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And yet: PImage img = loadImage( "f
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15.3 My Very First Image Processing
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Images 261 Even better, if we just
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Images 263 // Create a grayscale co
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Images 265 15.6 Intro to Image Proc
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Images 267 Since we are altering th
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15.9 More on fi lter( ): fi lter(mo
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Images 271 Example 15-13 performs a
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Example 15-14: “ Pointillism ”
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16 16.1 Video “ I have no memory.
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Video 277 Th e above line of code i
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void draw() { // Check to see if a
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16.3 Recorded Video Video 281 Displ
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16.4 Video 283 Exercise 16-3: Using
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Video 285 For every square at colum
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} } // Each rect is colored white w
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16.5 Video as Sensor, Computer Visi
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Now, we are ready to compare the co
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16.6 Video 293 Exercise 16-5: Take
Page 314 and 315: void setup() { size(320,240); video
Page 316 and 317: Example 16-13: Simple motion detect
Page 318 and 319: 16.8 // Step 4, compare colors (pre
Page 320 and 321: Lesson Seven Project Develop a soft
Page 322 and 323: Lesson Eight The Outside World 17 T
Page 324 and 325: 17 17.1 Text “ I could entertain
Page 326 and 327: Exercise 17-2: Loop through and pri
Page 328 and 329: 17.3 Displaying Text Text 309 We wi
Page 330 and 331: println(PFont.list()); For demonstr
Page 332 and 333: X = �50 fi g. 17.4 float w = text
Page 334 and 335: Example 17-4: Text mirror import pr
Page 336 and 337: textFont(f); // Set the font transl
Page 338 and 339: Exercise 17-9: Using textWidth( ) ,
Page 340 and 341: Example 17-7: Boxes along a curve P
Page 342 and 343: Text 323 Exercise 17-10: Create a s
Page 344 and 345: 18 Data Input “ A million monkeys
Page 346 and 347: Example 18-1: User input PFont f; /
Page 348 and 349: Data Input 329 Th e reverse of spli
Page 350 and 351: Example 18-2: Graphing comma separa
Page 352 and 353: Data Input 333 Th e rollover( ) fun
Page 354 and 355: 18.4 diameter = diameter_; } // Tru
Page 356 and 357: } // Find the index of the end tag
Page 358 and 359: void mousePressed() { // Increment
Page 360 and 361: 18.6 for (int i = 0; i < kinglear.l
Page 362 and 363: Create and make an asynchronous req
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Page 368 and 369: 18.8 Using the Processing XML Libra
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Page 372 and 373: Example 18-10: A Yahoo search impor
Page 374 and 375: However, if you request a URL on a
Page 376 and 377: 19 19.1 Data Streams “ I’m mad
Page 378 and 379: import processing.net.* ; Server se
Page 380 and 381: Data Streams 361 Once the server is
Page 382 and 383: 19.4 void draw() { background(255);
Page 384 and 385: Data Streams 365 must be networked
Page 386 and 387: Data Streams 367 will send X , Y co
Page 388 and 389: Data Streams 369 Here is the full S
Page 390 and 391: Here is the entire client sketch: 1
Page 392 and 393: Data Streams 373 Serial communicati
Page 394 and 395: Data Streams 375 of information, ca
Page 396 and 397: Corresponding Arduino code: int sen
Page 398 and 399: Lesson Nine Making Noise 20 Sound 2
Page 400 and 401: 20 Sound “ Check. Check. Check 1.
Page 402 and 403: void setup() { Sonia.start(this); }
Page 404 and 405: void mousePressed() { // If the use
Page 406 and 407: Sound 387 check and see if a sound
Page 408 and 409: Is a point inside the doorbell (use
Page 410 and 411: Pressing the mouse stops and starts
Page 412 and 413: 20.6 void draw() { background(255,1
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In code, this translates to: // If
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21 Exporting “ Wait a minute. I t
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Th is code can be inserted anywhere
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void setup() { size(400, 400); begi
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Exporting 403 save( ) takes one arg
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Exporting 405 Example 21-5 records
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Lesson Ten Beyond Processing 22 Adv
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22 Advanced Object-Oriented Program
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class Point { float x,y; Point(floa
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Advanced Object-Oriented Programmin
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Advanced Object-Oriented Programmin
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class Circle extends Shape { // inh
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for (int i = 0; i < dogs.length; i
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22.5 Example 22-2: Polymorphism //
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23 23.1 Java “ I l o ve c off ee,
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Java 425 instead of Processing , sp
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fi g. 23.2 Java 427 Just as with th
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Particle p = parray[i]; p.run(); p.
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Hint: Add a function that returns a
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Example 23-4: Super fancy ArrayList
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Java 435 It is sad when these error
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Th e tutorials will cover the same
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Appendix: Common Errors Appendix 43
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Error: No accessible fi eld named
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void draw() { thing.display(); } Co
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Error: Perhaps you wanted the overl
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Index AIFF (Audio Interchange File
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Fill( ) function 10 , 11 , 256 , 30
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One-dimensional Perlin noise 208 OP
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solar system, processing 247-9 vert
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