Master's Program 2004/2005 Technical and Fiscal Barriers ... - Lexnet
Master's Program 2004/2005 Technical and Fiscal Barriers ... - Lexnet
Master's Program 2004/2005 Technical and Fiscal Barriers ... - Lexnet
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61996J0056 European Court reports 1997 Page I-03143 3<br />
coordinated by this Directive.<br />
...'.<br />
4 According to the documents provided by the national court, under two decrees of the Flemish Executive<br />
of 28 January 1987 on, in particular, licensing of private television broadcasters (Belgisch Staatsblad of 19<br />
March 1987) <strong>and</strong> of 12 June 1991 regulating radio <strong>and</strong> television advertising <strong>and</strong> sponsoring (Belgisch<br />
Staatsblad of 14 August 1991, hereinafter `the Flemish Executive Decrees'), Vlaamse Televisie<br />
Maatschappij NV (hereinafter `VTM') holds a monopoly in commercial television <strong>and</strong> television advertising<br />
in the Flemish Community.<br />
5 According to Article 10(1), No 2, of the Flemish Executive Decree of 4 May 1994 on television <strong>and</strong><br />
radio cable networks, on licences for installing <strong>and</strong> operating such networks <strong>and</strong> on the promotion of the<br />
dissemination <strong>and</strong> production of television programmes (Belgisch Staatsblad of 4 June 1994, hereafter `the<br />
Cable Decree'), cable distributors must transmit simultaneously <strong>and</strong> in their entirety the programmes of<br />
VTM, the only private company licensed by the Flemish Executive.<br />
6 Article 10(2) of the Cable Decree provides:<br />
`Without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph (1), a cable distributor may retransmit the following<br />
programmes on his radio or television cable network:<br />
...<br />
4. Television <strong>and</strong> radio programmes of broadcasters licensed by the government of a Member State of the<br />
European Union other than Belgium, provided that the broadcaster concerned is subject, in that Member<br />
State, to proper supervision of broadcasters broadcasting to the public of that Member State <strong>and</strong> the<br />
supervision exercised covers compliance with European law, in particular copyright <strong>and</strong> associated rights<br />
<strong>and</strong> international obligations of the European Union <strong>and</strong> provided that the broadcaster concerned <strong>and</strong> the<br />
programmes which it broadcasts do not undermine public order, morality or public safety in the Flemish<br />
Community.<br />
...'.<br />
7 VT4, which is established in London, is a company incorporated under English law whose main activity<br />
is the broadcasting of radio <strong>and</strong> television programmes. The Luxembourg company Sc<strong>and</strong>inavian<br />
Broadcasting Systems SA is the sole shareholder of VT4. The United Kingdom authorities have granted it<br />
a non-domestic satellite licence.<br />
8 VT4's programmes are aimed at the Flemish public. They are either recorded or subtitled in Dutch.<br />
The television signals are transmitted via satellite from the territory of the United Kingdom. At Nossegem<br />
(a Flemish locality in Belgium), VT4 has what it calls a `subsidiary' which is in contact with advertisers<br />
<strong>and</strong> production companies. It is also in this locality that information for the news programmes is<br />
collected.<br />
9 By the Decision, the Flemish Minister for Culture <strong>and</strong> Brussels Affairs refused to allow the VT4<br />
television programme to have access to the cable distribution network. The Decision was based mainly on<br />
two arguments. First, VT4 did not come within the scope of Article 10(1), No 2, of the Cable Decree<br />
because it was not licensed as a private television broadcaster broadcasting to the entire Flemish<br />
Community. VT4 is in fact the only licensed broadcaster. Secondly, VT4 could not be regarded as a<br />
television broadcaster licensed by another Member State since it was a Flemish body which had been<br />
established in another Member State in order to circumvent application of the Flemish Community<br />
legislation. Even if VT4 were a British broadcaster, this still would not be sufficient to fulfil the<br />
conditions laid down in Article 10(2), No 4, of the Cable Decree <strong>and</strong>, in particular, the requirement that<br />
proper supervision must be exercised with regard to compliance with Community law.<br />
© An extract from a JUSTIS database<br />
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