Reficar Cartagena Refinery Expansion, Colombia - EKN

Environmental and Social
Due Diligence:
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Expansion, Colombia

Environmental and Social
Due Diligence:
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Expansion, Columbia
Prepared by
Exponent
15375 SE 30th Place, Suite 250
Bellevue, WA 98007
June 2011
� Exponent, Inc.
Doc. no. 1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Contents
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List of Tables v
List of Figures vi
1 Introduction 1
2 Project Description 4
Page
2.1 Existing Operations 6
2.2 Refinery Expansion 10
2.3 Schedule and Costs 12
2.4 Project Workforce 13
3 Institutional and Legal Framework 14
3.1 Institutional Framework 14
3.2 Legal Framework 14
3.3 Other Requirements 17
3.4 Status 18
4 Environmental and Social Conditions 22
4.1 Environmental Conditions 23
4.2 Social Conditions 28
4.2.1 District of Cartagena 28
4.2.2 Urban Government Community Unit #11 32
4.2.3 Mamonal Industrial Area 32
4.2.4 Local Communities 33
4.2.5 Cultural Heritage 35
5 Environmental and Social Impacts 36
5.1 Construction 36
5.1.1 Site Clearing 36
5.1.2 Air Quality 37
5.1.3 Construction Workers 37

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5.2 Operation and Maintenance 38
5.2.1 Air Quality 38
5.2.2 Water and Wastewater 42
5.2.3 Waste Generation 45
5.2.4 Risks 46
5.3 Liabilities 47
5.3.1 Phase 1 ESA for the Existing Refinery 47
5.3.2 Phase 2 ESA for the Existing Refinery 49
5.3.3 Health and Safety 51
5.4 Positive Impacts 51
5.4.1 Craft Training, Jobs, and Increased Tax Revenue 52
5.4.2 Corporate Social Responsibility 53
6 Environmental, Social, and Health and Safety Management 55
6.1 Project EIA Environmental and Social Management Plan 55
6.2 Project Construction EHS Management 60
6.2.1 Craft Training Programs 62
6.2.2 Construction Worker Hiring Plan 62
6.2.3 Construction Worker Housing Plan 63
6.3 Existing Refinery EHS Management 63
6.3.1 EHS Management System 63
6.3.2 Environmental 64
6.3.3 Health and Safety 65
6.3.4 Emergency Preparedness and Response 67
6.3.5 Contingency Plan 68
7 Information Disclosure and Public Consultation 70
8 Conclusions and Recommendations 73
8.1 Conclusions 73
8.1.1 Impacts 73
8.1.2 Compliance 75
8.1.3 Environmental Liabilities 76
8.1.4 Risks 77
8.2 Current Status of Recommendations Included in the 2009 ESDD Report 79
8.3 Additional Recommendation from 2011 94

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8.4 Assessment of Compliance with International Guidelines 95
8.4.1 The Equator Principles 95
8.4.2 IFC Performance Standards 96
8.4.3 IFC EHS Guidelines 99
8.5 Recommended Lender Action Plan 100
8.5.1 Prior to Financial Close 100
8.5.2 Prior to Initial Disbursement 101
8.5.3 Prior to Commencement of the Operations Phase 103
Appendix A Photograph Log

List of Tables
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Table 1a. Data/information reviewed associated with 2011 environmental and social due
diligence for the updated ESDD report
Table 1b. Data/information reviewed associated with 2009 environmental and social due
diligence for the initial ESDD report
Table 2. Project-related air emission standards
Table 3. Project-related ambient air quality limits
Table 4. Project-related wastewater discharge limits
Table 5. Project-only air quality modeling predicted maximum concentrations resulting from
existing and proposed Cartagena refinery operations
Table 6. Cumulative air quality modeling predicted maximum concentrations resulting from
existing and proposed Cartagena refinery operations plus other sources in Mamonal
area
Table 7. Conclusions and recommendations related to Project air quality impact/ modeling
analysis
Table 8. Siemens proposal Table 3.4a
Table 9. Estimated waste generation during refinery expansion operations (from Project
EIA)
Table 10. Social programs
Table 11. 2009 Recommendations related to the Project EIA ESMP and current status of all
programs under the Revised ESMP
Table 12. Action Plan based on the Phase I and Phase 2 Environmental, Health and Safety
Assessments—Cartagena Refinery Facility, Environmental Health and Safety
Action Plan Existing Refinery–Due Diligence
Table 13. Project-related total energy consumption versus IFC Guidelines
Table 14. Project-related total power consumption versus IFC Guidelines
Table 15. Comments and recommendations related to environmental liabilities at existing
refinery
Table 16. Total greenhouse gas estimates
Table 17. Conformance review: EHS General Guidelines
Table 18. Conformance review: EHS Guidelines for Petroleum Refining
Tables are presented at the end of the main text.

List of Figures
Figure 1. Cartagena Refinery location
Figure 2. Cartagena Refinery
Figure 3. Current configuration of the Cartagena Refinery
Figure 4. Future configuration of the Cartagena Refinery
Figure 5. Proposed wastewater treatment plant configuration
Figure 6. Health, Safety, Security, and Environmental Management System model
Figure 7. Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Contract–Health, Safety and
Environment Organization during construction
Figures are presented at the end of the main text.
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1 Introduction
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The Cartagena Refinery is owned by Refinería de Cartagena S.A. (“Reficar”), a Colombian
special-purpose company owned by Andean Chemicals (50.9%), Ecopetrol S.A. (48.9%), and
minority shareholders (0.2%). The refinery is located on the northern coast of Colombia, just
south of the city of Cartagena. Reficar intends to modernize the refinery and expand its refining
capacity from 80,000 to 165,000 bpd (the “Project”). The modernization of the refinery will
include an increase in the facility’s complexity, which will enable it to process a less expensive
mix of crude (heavier, more acid) while producing low-sulfur gasoline and ultra-low-sulfur
diesel that will meet new domestic and international clean-fuel requirements (e.g., sulfur content
for the domestic market: not higher than 300 ppm for gasoline and 50 ppm for diesel, and for
the export market: < 30 ppm for gasoline and < 8 ppm for diesel). The new configuration,
including hydrocracking, hydrotreating, catalytic reforming, and coking capacity, will enable
the refinery to handle up to 90,000 bpd of acidic crudes. This will provide a competitive
advantage because most refineries can process only small quantities of such corrosive crude
oils, and will allow Colombia to better use its domestic oil reserves. The new products will
include low-sulfur gasoline, jet fuel, and ultra-low sulfur diesel.
The investment plan has an estimated capital cost of US$4.7 billion. The debt financing
structure considered for the upgrade program includes a Direct Loan and/or Loan Guarantee
structure provided by three export credit agencies (US Ex-Im Bank, EKN, and SACE, the
“Senior Lenders”) up to US$2.95 billion (Tranche 1), and up to US$300 million (Tranche 2),
which is expected to be provided by domestic and/or international commercial banks.
Exponent was contracted to act as the Independent Environmental and Social Consultant for the
Senior Lenders to the Project. This work was initially reported in Exponent’s Environmental
and Social Due Diligence report (Exponent April 2009). The scope of work for this updated
Environmental and Social Due Diligence report consisted of four tasks:

� Task 1—Presentation to the Senior Lenders. Exponent provided a
presentation on its 2009 due diligence to representatives of US Ex-Im Bank,
EKN, and SACE, and their advisors in Washington, DC, on January 26,
2011.
� Task 2—Information Review. Exponent provided an initial list of
information and data required, and proposed ideas for the site visit.
Subsequently, additional information was requested based on the site
reconnaissance (Task 3). The work involved review of the documentation
provided related to the Project (Tables 1a and 1b provide a summary list of
documents reviewed).
� Task 3—Site Reconnaissance. Exponent staff conducted a site visit from
February 28 to March 5, 2011. The visit included presentations and
discussions with various Reficar, CBI Colombiana S.A., Foster Wheeler
PCIB, and Mecor company personnel; reconnaissance of the existing
refinery, the area for refinery expansion, and some surrounding areas;
meetings with representatives of three Cartagena local governmental
authorities and two civil society groups; and public consultation meetings in
three local communities, Arroz Barato, Pasacaballos, and Membrillal.
� Task 4—Report Preparation. This task consisted of preparing a
Preliminary Report of Findings (submitted on March 11, 2011) and this
updated Environmental and Social Due Diligence report.
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This report presents the results of our environmental and social due diligence and consists of the
following sections:
� Section 2, Project Description
� Section 3, Institutional and Legal Framework
� Section 4, Environmental and Social Conditions

� Section 5, Environmental and Social Impacts
� Section 6, Environmental, Social, and Health and Safety Management
� Section 7, Information Disclosure and Public Consultation
� Section 8, Conclusions and Recommendations, including assessment of
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compliance with the following:
� Equator Principles
� IFC Performance Standards
� IFC EHS Petroleum Refining Sector Guidelines
� IFC EHS General Guidelines.
� Appendix A Photograph Log
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2 Project Description
The Cartagena Refinery is owned by Refinería de Cartagena S.A. (Reficar), a Colombian
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special-purpose company owned by Andean Chemicals (50.9%), Ecopetrol S.A. (48.9%), and
minority shareholders (0.2%). Reficar and CBI Americas Limited (CBIA) entered into an
engineering, procurement, and construction contract (the Early Works EPC) dated November 6,
2007, for the expansion of the Cartagena refinery. The Early Works EPC was amended on
August 26, 2009, and pursuant to that amendment, CBI Colombiana S.A. (CBIC) acceded to the
Early Works EPC. CBIA and CBIC (together CB&I) are severally and jointly liable for the
performance of the specific works established in the aforementioned amendment. Notwith-
standing the signing, or coming into effect, of the new EPC (as defined below), all those
activities, services, and works that are currently being performed under the Early Works EPC
shall continue to be performed, and shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Early
Works EPC. Under the Early Works EPC, CB&I renders services on a reimbursable basis. The
Early Works EPC is scheduled to be in force and valid until November 30, 2011. In addition,
on June 5, 2010, CB&I signed the new EPC, which will replace the old one when the Early
Works are finished. Foster Wheeler PCIB was awarded the project management contract
(PMC) for Reficar on December 15, 2009. Ecopetrol S.A., a mixed equity company with
majority state ownership, is an integrated oil company, established in 1951, that engages in oil
and gas exploration, production, and transportation, and crude-oil refining. Ecopetrol is the
largest company and the principal petroleum company in Colombia.
The Cartagena Refinery is located in the Mamonal Industrial Area on Cartagena Bay,
30 minutes to the south of the city of Cartagena on the northern coast of Colombia (see
Figure 1). Mamonal is a highly developed industrial zone, hosting more than 170 1 different
industries that range from oil and petrochemicals to shipyards and cement manufacturing.
Under a use-of-port agreement, Ecopetrol provides Reficar the use of port facilities on
Cartagena Bay owned by Ecopetrol, and an option to use tanks on an adjacent tankfarm, also the
property of Ecopetrol. The refinery location represents a strategic advantage, because it has
1 As of May 2010, according to the Logistical and Business Center of Cartagena.

access to the Gulf Coast and Caribbean markets via the Atlantic Ocean, as well as to the
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national Colombian market by river through the “Canal del Dique” and via existing pipelines.
The refinery was inaugurated in 1957 by the International Petroleum Company and was
acquired by Ecopetrol in 1974. It has undergone some previous expansions to grow from its
initial capacity of 26,000 bpd, including expansions in 1962 (33,200 bpd), 1964 (42,000 bpd),
and some after the Ecopetrol acquisition (up to the present approximately 80,000 bpd). The
current refinery uses a mix of 85% Colombian and 15% imported crude, while exporting about
47% of its product mix. The average product yield of the existing refinery (during the year
ending March 2008) included: gasoline (33%), diesel (27%), fuel oil (24%), jet/kerosene (8%),
light ends (4%), and slurry (2%).
Reficar intends to modernize the refinery and expand its refining capacity from 80,000 to
165,000 bpd; products will be distributed to the Colombian domestic market and to international
markets. The modernization of the refinery will include an increase in the facility’s complexity,
which will enable it to process a less expensive mix of crude (heavier, more acid) while
producing low-sulfur gasoline and ultra-low sulfur diesel, jet fuel, and fuel oil that will meet
new domestic and international clean-fuel requirements (e.g., sulfur content for the domestic
market: not higher than 300 ppm for gasoline and 50 ppm for diesel, and for the export market:
< 30 ppm for gasoline and < 8 ppm for diesel). The new configuration, including
hydrocracking, hydrotreating, catalytic reforming, and coking capacity, will enable the refinery
to handle up to 90,000 bpd of acidic crudes. This will provide a competitive advantage, because
most refineries can process only small quantities of such corrosive crude oils, and will allow
Colombia to better use its domestic oil reserves. The new products will include ultra-low-sulfur
gasoline, jet fuel, and diesel.
Reficar has entered into a contract with Technip for the basic design and engineering of the
upgrade and expansion, and into an EPC Contract with CB&I. During the expansion, Ecopetrol
will continue to operate the existing refinery under a mandate agreement, with the economic
benefit of such operation belonging directly to Reficar. After the expansion is complete, Reficar
will take over full management and operation of the entire refinery.

Reficar is requesting financing for the refinery expansion (“Project”). The Project has an
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estimated capital cost ofUS$4.7 billion. The debt financing structure considered for the upgrade
program includes a Direct Loan and/or Loan Guarantee structure provided by three export credit
agencies (US Ex-Im Bank, EKN, and SACE, the “Senior Lenders”) up to US$2.95 billion
(Tranche 1), and up to US$300 million (Tranche 2), which is expected to be provided by
domestic and/or international commercial banks.
2.1 Existing Operations
The Cartagena Refinery is located in the Mamonal Industrial Area, KM 10, approximately
15 km south of the City of Cartagena in the Bolivar Department, Colombia (see Figures 1
and 2). A total of approximately 170 industries are located within the Mamonal Industrial Area,
resulting in a flow of more than 40,000 people daily, including employees, vendors, and
contractors. The approximate size of the Mamonal Industrial Area is 3,100 hectares, of which
most has been developed. The industries include ammonia and fertilizer manufacturing, gas
storage, fuel storage, and petrochemical and herbicide manufacturing.
The refinery was constructed in 1956 by INTERCOL and consisted primarily of a crude
distillation unit for the production of refined fuels. A catalytic cracking unit was installed in
1957 and subsequently expanded in 1964 along with the expansion of the distillation unit. The
original production was approximately 26,000 bpd. By 1964, the refinery had expanded
production to 47,000 bpd. An ammonia plant known as the Abocol plant was part of the
INTERCOL operations up to 1972, at which time this business was sold and formally separated
from the refinery. Ecopetrol acquired the refinery from INTERCOL in 1974 and increased
production to 70,700 bpd with a further expansion of the distillation unit and construction of the
Visbreaker plant. Production was increased to 75,000 bpd with repair of the preheater. The
Visbreaker plant was expanded in 1981, along with the port installations, to accommodate the
increased production. Ecopetrol reportedly acquired neighboring land in this same period from
Andean National Land, constituting some of the areas to the south and east of the refinery
property, where the proposed refinery expansion is planned. Landfarming activities commenced
around 1986 in portions of the newly acquired land. The sulfur plant was added in 1990. LPG

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and butane production and storage tanks were installed in 1992. Following in 1994 was an
expansion of storage, including three gasoline tanks, one crude tank, two jet fuel tanks, and one
aromatic tar tank. The asphalt plant commenced operations at the site in 1993 and ceased
operations in 2003. The asphalt plant building is currently abandoned.
The current refinery utilizes a mix of 85% Colombian and 15% imported crude while exporting
about 47% of its product mix. The existing refinery has a current capacity to process
80,000 bpd of crude oil, visbreaking 25,000 bpd, and fluid cracking 29,000 bpd. The current
operations consist of the following (see Figure 3):
� One atmospheric crude unit (primary distillation unit) that processes the
crude feedstock into naphtha, gasoline, diesel, fuel oil, etc.
� One vacuum unit used to separate the atmospheric column residuum into
lighter fractions (light gas oil, heavy gas oil, vacuum residuum)
� One visbreaker unit for cracking the vacuum residuum into lighter fractions
� One fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) used for cracking the gas oils
generated by the vacuum unit
� One polymerization unit that uses olefins produced in the FCCU to produce
propane, butane, and polymer gasoline
� One sulfur plant that produces sweet gas for electricity generation and
sulfuric acid for sale.
The current principal refining products are LPG, high-sulfur gasoline, Jet A, diesel, marine
diesel, arotar (aromatic tar), No. 6 fuel oil, propylene, and sulfur.
Support facilities include:
� Five turbo-generators, 31 turbines, and 8 compressors, fuel oil and
natural/refinery gas fired (22.5 MW)

� Five steam boilers for ovens
� Five water treatment plants for fresh and salt water, cooling water, and
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wastewater treatment
� Piping and valves (1,500 km crude and product piping inside the refinery)
� Approximately 20,000 valves
� API oil/water separator
� Crude and product tanks (134 tanks, with total storage capacity of more than
6.4 MM bbls)
� Maintenance workshop
� Marine terminal for loading/offloading of raw materials and products (two
marine terminals of 85 KDWT, one LPG and butane terminal, and three
fluvial docks)
� Spill response equipment and spill containment control (including pilot boats
for support of barge and bunkering operations, environmental boats, spill
response boats)
� Administrative buildings.
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The refinery operations include the use of two marine terminals (the refinery terminal itself and
the Nestor Pineda Terminal [TNP]) and two fluvial piers which are connected directly to the
refinery marine terminal. The refinery terminal is located immediately west of the refinery, and
TNP is north of the refinery. The marine terminal consists of a metal finger pier or bridge
approximately 300 m long, connecting the main tanker loading and unloading platform to the
land. This pier consists of tubular support sections, carrying a main central narrow walking
bridge and supporting the product pipelines conveying loaded and unloaded product which are
on both sides. The loading and unloading platform allows the operation of tanker ships with a
maximum draft of 12 m (Panamax standard). The platform is equipped with transfer hoses,
manifold piping, loading arms and valves, and firefighting equipment. The land end of the

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marine terminal is equipped with an emergency electricity generator, piping, and a warehouse to
store towropes, firefighting equipment, and spill control and response equipment. Smaller boats
and tugboats, used to transport tankers in and out of the main platform, use the fluvial piers
located to the south at the land end of the terminal. Halfway along the pier to the south is the
main LPG and diesel loading and unloading platform. This platform, a medium-draft pier, is
designed for ships with a maximum draft of 7 m, whereas the fluvial or low-draft piers allow
vessels with a maximum draft of 4 m.
The site operates in four 8-hour shifts, which considers three working shifts and one resting.
Maintenance areas operate in two work shifts and one administration shift, Monday through
Friday. All other shifts are seven days per week.
The site generates its own electricity at the onsite generation plant. For backup supply, the site
is connected to the electrical grid. The onsite generation is steam generated by 70% natural gas
and 30% refinery gas or sweet gas. Compressed air is generated internally at a compressor
plant. The site receives natural gas from the Ecopetrol facility, which is transported by
PROMIGAS to the site. The generation system is set up with dual burners, so either fuel oil or
natural gas can be burned in the boilers.
Water is supplied by Agua de Cartagena (ACUACAR), and usage is approximately
2,300 gal/min (0.146 m 3 /sec). The intake for this supply is the Magdalena River through Canal
del Dique. Drinking water for onsite operations is supplied by a third-party company. Water is
stored in tanks and is treated by various processes according to its final use. Water to be used
for the fire extinguishing network is stored in tanks untreated and also in ponds on the southern
part of the property. Industrial and sanitary water is clarified with addition of flocculants and
chlorine. Cooling water is further treated through a demineralization process to remove
hardness. This process includes the following phases: clarification, filtration with sand and
activated carbon, demineralization, and aeration. The water supply is supplemented by an
intake from the ocean amounting to approximately 20,000 gal/minute (1.21 m 3 /sec) of cooling
water, which is subsequently chlorinated and discharged back to the sea. This water is also used
to dilute the skim-pond effluents. Wastewater from the office areas is discharged to the septictank
system, consisting of approximately 35 septic tanks. The remaining wastewater from the

industrial areas is discharged to the onsite wastewater treatment plant and is subsequently
discharged to the Bay through an open canal.
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The natural gas consumption in refinery operations is approximately 14 MMSCFD. The energy
consumption by the refinery is approximately 8 MMBTU/h.
2.2 Refinery Expansion
Ecopetrol established certain minimum requirements for the upgrade of the refinery, including:
configuration to at least comply with national fuels (gasoline and diesel) quality and with
environmental regulations that went into effect in March 2006, and sulfur content for the
domestic market: not higher than 300 ppm for gasoline and 50 ppm for diesel, and for the
export market: < 30 ppm for gasoline and < 8 ppm for diesel; achieve a production capacity for
medium distillates of 70,000 bpd minimum (diesel, heating oil, jet fuel of any grade) and
gasoline (any motor gasoline and blendstocks); minimum input for local and/or international
petrochemical industry of 40,000 bpd; and refinery-grade propylene at minimum of 60,000 tpy.
The refinery expansion is significant in that it will double the crude capacity, involve
installation of a large coker and hydrocracker, and double the existing FCCU capacity. The
expansion will create a throughput of 165,000 bpd and handle feed quality of 22 API gravity,
0.6%–1.8%* sulfur, and high acid content. The processing capacities will be as follows (see
Figure 4):
� Atmospheric crude distillation unit: 165,000 bpd
� Vacuum distillation unit (VDU): 100,000 bpd
� Coker: 43,000 bpd
� Hydrocracker: 35,000 bpd
� FCCU revamp: 35,000 bpd
� ULSD diesel (2 units): 70,000 bpd (total)

� Butamer: 1,500 bpd
� Kero Merichem: 20,000 pbd
� HF alkalation: 9,000 bpd
� H2 plant: 100 MMScf/D
� PSA plant: 20 MMScf/D
� Sulfur plants: 270 tpd.
The principal products will be low-sulfur gasoline, jet fuel, and ultra-low-sulfur diesel.
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Associated support facilities will include sulfur handling, transport, and storage (patio with
concrete slab and storm water collection); coke handling, transport, and storage (configuration
to be determined); product transport and storage (13 new tanks to increase capacity by 2.4 MM
bbls, 9 new spheres/pressurized storage); torch system; electrical energy (75 MW new capacity);
steam production; water supply and treatment (approximately 6,000 gal/min or 0.36 m 3 /sec
required); water cooling towers.
The entire expansion and upgrade process will be carried out within the existing refinery’s
boundaries. The expansion will be located on about 135 ha of land east of the existing
operations.
The main construction works involving vegetation clearing and grading of approximately
135 ha (estimated movement of 500,000 m 3 of organic soil material); building and operation of
construction offices, work areas, and maintenance areas; and fill and compaction of base for
facilities have been completed. The main activities that remain to be completed include:
casting of reinforced concrete structures; foundation construction; assembly of equipment, civil
works and hydrostatic testing; laying of pipelines for raw materials and product transport;
installation of storage tanks; refinery commissioning, start-up, and testing; and site cleanup.
The Project is considering three options for raw material delivery:

� Nestor Pineda Terminal. The existing facility will undergo modification to
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handle the import of crude oil at the Ecopetrol facility. This includes
installation of a 24-in. underwater pipeline from the terminal, two new crude
oil storage tanks (550,000 bbls), and pumps for transfer of crude oil to
Reficar by pipeline. Ecopetrol facility modifications for export of ultra-lowsulfur
diesel from Reficar include the installation of a new pipeline, transfer,
and storage tanks (5). The port facilities were added to the license in March
2010 under Resolution 511.
� Coveñas Option. This would involve building a new 24-in. crude pipeline
(approximately 190 kbpd) from Coveñas to the refinery (approximately
130 km), and building tanks (by Ecopetrol) at the existing Ecopetrol Coveñas
crude storage facility.
� New Coke Jetty and Storage Option. The 2009 option was to include the
augmentation of the coke jetty to handle ultra-low-sulfur diesel, domestic
diesel/kerosene, and sulfur by a T-shaped configuration. Crude will now
come from Coveñas using the existing pipeline and terminal. This facility is
under consideration by Reficar’s Board of Directors at this time. While
Reficar had an EIA for the new port facilities prepared in 2010, its Board of
Directors has recommended that Reficar evaluate the alternative of not
building the marine terminal and instead constructing only stand-alone truck
facilities for the export of the coke, which may be shipped by truck to two
existing ports nearby. Reficar plans to complete its evaluation of the two
shipping options as soon as possible. Therefore, no further environmental
studies, permits, or authorizations may be required for the port facility.
2.3 Schedule and Costs
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Project construction is ongoing and Guaranteed Mechanical Completion is scheduled for
February 2013. As of the site visit (February 28 to March 5, 2011), the main construction works
involving vegetation clearing and grading of approximately 135 ha (estimated 500,000 m 3 of

waste organic material); building and operation of construction offices, work areas, and
maintenance areas; and fill and compaction of base for facilities have been completed.
The Project capital cost for the investment plan is an estimated US$4.7 billion.
2.4 Project Workforce
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The estimated peak construction workforce for the Project, according to CB&I, is approximately
7,000 personnel, with a distribution of supervisor-senior staff, operators, and contractors. Total
workers are projected to be approximately 10,780, and with turnover, could go as high as 15,000
at CB&I. This does not include subcontractor workers or miscellaneous labor.
The existing refinery has approximately 420 Ecopetrol staff. Additional contractual personnel
provide various services, especially maintenance-related work. In addition, there are
approximately 900 people currently working at the project site. The current total Project
workforce is approximately 1,425, and is made up of 118 direct workers, including small teams
in Bogotá and Houston, plus 1,307 indirect workers.
The present estimated number of staff for the refinery operations after expansion is 500.

3 Institutional and Legal Framework
3.1 Institutional Framework
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The principal relevant governmental environmental, and health and safety entities related to the
Project are as follows:
� Ministry of Environment, Housing and Territorial Development (Ministerio
de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial—MAVDT), which is
responsible for issuing environmental licenses for projects and for setting
environmental standards and regulations
� Corporación Autónoma Regional del Canal del Dique (CARDIQUE), which
is the regional entity responsible for environmental protection and
management
� Establecimiento Publico Ambiental de Cartagena (EPA, Cartagena Public
Establishment for the Environment), which is the city level entity responsible
for environmental protection.
3.2 Legal Framework
The following lists the principal legislation relevant to this Project (in terms of environmental,
social, and health and safety aspects):
� Environmental Organization/Responsibilities: Law 99 (1993), which
established the national system of environment.
� Air Quality: Decree 948 (1995) related to air pollution and establishes
ambient air quality standards at a national level. Resolution 601 (2006)
designates national emission air quality standards for total suspended
particulates (annual and 24-hour period), PM10, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO.

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Decree 979 (2006) established areas of pollution levels. Resolution 909
(2008) establishes emission limits for fixed-source refinery operations.
� Noise: Resolution 601 (2007) related to control of noise pollution and
standards for maximum possible noise levels. Decree 948 (1995) regulates
the prevention and control of air pollution and the protection of air quality.
Resolution 627 (2006) develops regulations on control of noise pollution and
sets standards for maximum permissible emission levels.
� Water: Decree 475 (1998) outlines the requirements for potable water.
Decree 1594 (1984) establishes wastewater discharge limits depending on the
type of facility that is discharging (i.e., industrial or domestic) and the
receiving location for the discharge (surface water, groundwater, marine, and
estuarine water).
� Materials Management: Decree 948 (1994) outlines the requirements for
storage conditions and loading and unloading operations (specifically in port
areas) with regard to fugitive emissions, including particulates, dust, and
gases and volatile substances. Resolution 2400 (1979) outlines the
requirements for materials compatibility storage conditions and the use of fire
extinguishing equipment in these areas. Decree 321 (1999) outlines the
national plan for hydrocarbon spill prevention and response. Resolution
805050 (1997) outlines the requirements for tank storage for LPG. Decree
318 (2003) outlines requirements for diesel storage in tanks, with regard to
minimum distance and other safety requirements.
� Solid and Hazardous Waste: Law 430 (1998) and Decree 4741 (2005) that
establishes responsibilities of solid waste and hazardous waste generators,
transporters, and disposal facilities/sites. Resolution 541 (1994) regulates the
loading, unloading, transportation, storage, and disposal of debris, materials,
components, concrete, and aggregates loss in construction, demolition, and
excavation.
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June 21, 2011

� Health and Safety: Resolution 2400 (1979) establishes main health and
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safety requirements. Decree 1295 (1994) addresses management and
administrative guidelines, requires a formal Occupational Health Plan for
every industrial site, accident statistics records and reporting requirements,
organization of safety committees and communication of hazards to
employees. Resolution 1570 (2005) establishes standards for accident
records and statistics calculation. Law 378 (1997) establishes responsibilities
in occupational health, employees’ right of safety information, and periodic
reporting requirements. Resolution 2013 (1986) regulates the organization
and functioning of safety committees. Resolution 6398 (1991) defines the
types of medical exams to be conducted (admission, return to work, exit, and
periodical) and establishes the confidentiality of employees’ medical records.
Resolution 1792/1980 complements Resolution 2400/79 establishing noise
exposure limits (85 dB A for an 8-hour period).
� Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Law 18-1028/2005 (and Decree 4741/2005 and
Resolution 18-1-34/2004) regarding polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and
asbestos.
The following are potentially relevant international environmental conventions related to
the Project:
� Convention for the Protection and Development of the Marine Environment
in the Wider Caribbean Region was adopted in Cartagena, Colombia, on
24 March 1983 and promulgated on 11 October 1986. The Convention is
supplemented by three Protocols: Protocol Concerning Co-operation in
Combating Oil Spills in the Wider Caribbean Region, which was also
adopted in 1983 and entered into force on 11 October 1986; Protocol
Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW) in the Wider
Caribbean Region Committee, which was adopted on 18 January 1990 and
entered into force on 18 June 2000; and the Protocol Concerning Pollution
from Land-Based Sources and Activities which was adopted on 6 October
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June 21, 2011

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1999 but is not yet in force. The Land-Based Sources protocol, which is part
of the Cartagena Convention, establishes limits for discharge of domestic
wastewater into Class I and II waters. Class I waters are classified by various
characteristics. Limits have been established for each class of water for:
total suspended solids; biological oxygen demand; pH; fats, oil, and grease;
fecal coliform; and floating solids.
� International Convention on Oil Pollution, Preparedness Response and
Cooperation (OPRC), 1990.
� MARPOL 73/78.
� International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage.
� Civil Liability Convention Fund.
� Convention on Biological Diversity.
� Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.
� Basel Convention (trans-border movement and disposal of hazardous waste).
3.3 Other Requirements
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June 21, 2011
In relation to the potential lenders involved, the following are environmental, social, health and
safety, and labor-related requirements that are applicable to this project and upon which this
report is based:
� Equator Principles (2006)
� IFC Performance Standards (2007), and in particular, Performance Standards
1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8
� IFC Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines for Petroleum Refining
(2007)

� IFC Environmental, Health and Safety General Guidelines (2007).
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June 21, 2011
Tables 2 and 3 present the applicable Project air emission limits and relevant ambient air quality
limits, respectively. Table 4 presents the applicable Project wastewater discharge limits.
Ambient noise limits per Colombian regulations are 75 dBA at plant boundary from 0700 to
2100 and 70 dBA from 2100 to 0700. Noise limits from IFC EHS General Guidelines are
70 dBA for all times.
It is our understanding that US Ex-Im Bank, EKN, and SACE have classified the Project as a
Category A as per the OECD Common Approaches, and, in the event there is a Tranche 2,
classification of the Project as per the Equator Principles will take place once the commercial
lenders have been identified.
3.4 Status
In 1996, Ecopetrol contracted MW Kellogg to design the Master Plan of Development (PMD)
for the refinery to increase the refinement capacity to a maximum of 140,000 bpd. This
assessment was later updated in 2000 by Shell Global Solutions International. In 2002 and
2003, Ecopetrol contracted for development of basic design for the PMD. From December
2005 to February 2006, Ecopetrol carried out a pre-qualification process to assess possible
investors. Four companies prequalified to participate in a bidding process: Marubeni
Corporation, Glencore International AG, BP, and Petrobras. Ecopetrol entered into an
arrangement with Glencore in 2007 to establish Reficar S.A., in which Glencore owned 51%
and had the obligation to lead the process of upgrading and expanding the refinery (including
financing), and to contribute cash corresponding to its share of the equity. Ecopetrol owned the
remaining 49% and contributed the existing Cartagena Refinery as equity. Andean Chemicals,
an offshore company wholly owned by Ecopetrol, acquired Glencore’s share of Reficar in 2010,
and Ecopetrol continues to own 49%. Currently, the existing refinery is being managed,
operated, and maintained by Ecopetrol under a Mandate Agreement. After completion of the
refinery expansion, Reficar will take over the full management and operation of the upgraded
refinery.

Ecopetrol started the environmental licensing process for the PMD in 1995. In 1996, the
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June 21, 2011
Ministry of Environment issued the terms of reference for the environmental impact assessment
(EIA) and stated that no alternative analysis was required, because the proposed project
consisted only of an expansion of capacity of an existing operation. Ecopetrol submitted an EIA
and environmental management plan in March 1998. MAVDT granted an environmental
license to Ecopetrol for the construction and operation project of the proposed new plants for the
refinery in November 2000 (Resolution 1157). The resolution identified 27 requirements.
However, the present proposed Project expansion is not the same as presented, and thus, this
resolution is not fully valid for the proposed refinery expansion.
In January 2007, Ecopetrol and Reficar requested MAVDT to grant partial concession to
Reficar of the environmental license (Resolution 1157 of 2000) granted to Ecopetrol, and
MAVDT granted the partial concession (Resolution 349 of February 2007). CARIDQUE issued
a similar transfer to Reficar of the responsibilities and obligations in Resolutions 433 (2002) and
911 (2005).
In August 2008, Reficar requested a modification to the originally proposed refinery expansion
as authorized by Resolution 1157 of 2000. This modification included submittal of the Project
EIA. The principal requested modifications were: one additional primary distillation unit, one
additional vacuum distillation unit, one new FCCU, one new coke unit, one new alkalation unit,
one additional sulfur cathodic oxidation unit, one new gas saturation unit, increase tank storage
of product by 2,000,000 barrels, additional solid storage for coke and sulfur, and four new
turbo-generators of 52 MW. MAVDT issued the modification authorization for the Project
(presently proposed refinery expansion) in November 2008 (Resolution 2102). The
authorization states that the existing authorizations/resolutions related to the existing refinery
operations shall maintain in effect until initiation of the refinery expansion operations.
CARDIQUE authorized the land clearing for the proposed refinery expansion in 2008
(Resolutions 1045, 1063, which allowed for the clearing of 56 ha and required the planting of
36,000 trees as compensation for the loss of the 5,143 trees during site clearing (1 to 7
compensation ratio).

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June 21, 2011
The EIA for the port development associated with the Project (Port EIA) was submitted to
MAVDT for review on July 9, 2009, and was approved and added to the license in March 2010
(Resolution 511, March 2010). Subsequent to the Port EIA, Reficar submitted a request for a
port concession to construct and operate the port facilities; this concession was awarded in
November 2010.
MAVDT has monitored compliance with the existing refinery (e.g., Acts 338 of February 16,
2007; 890 of April 11, 2007; 1389 of April 28, 2008; Act 984 of March 31, 2008).
With regard to the existing refinery (and not the new Project), CARDIQUE has issued the
following resolutions:
� In August 2002, CARDIQUE issued Resolution 433 regarding hazardous
waste generation, treatment, and disposal. This resolution was issued prior to
the promulgation of Decree 4741/2005, which requires a hazardous waste
management program. The requirements included actions associated with the
landfarming operations. This resolution indicates that Ecopetrol is
responsible for any type of contamination caused by their wastes that may
affect human health and the environment.
� In December 2002, CARIDQUE requested that the refinery develop and
implement a plan to resolve the issue with excessive phenol wastewater
discharges. A plan was presented in May 2003.
� In November 2005, CARDIQUE issued Resolution 911, which established
various requirements related to wastewater discharges, air emissions, and
waste management. It authorized refinery operation under the present
refinery conditions until November 2010, which has been extended to
August 14, 2011.
� CARDIQUE issued Resolution 187 (2005) based on a November 2005 site
visit. The observations indicated that hydrocarbons appeared to be spilling
over the barrier into the Bay at the wastewater discharge point. CARDIQUE

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required the sludge on the ocean floor to be characterized at nine locations to
determine the TPH levels and removal of a barge that was sunk in this area.
� CARDIQUE issued Resolution 647 (2006) that stipulated air monitoring
requirements, including an annual emission monitoring program for PM,
NOx, and SO2.
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June 21, 2011
Regarding waste generation, and per regulatory requirements, the existing refinery presents
waste generation reports to MAVDT.
In December 2007, Ecopetrol presented a plan to CARDIQUE to allow the existing refinery to
meet the 0.2-mg/L phenol wastewater discharge limit.
In order to meet the air emissions limits established in Resolution 909 (2008), we understand
that Reficar has requested a waiver from CARDIQUE to delay compliance with the standards
that are effective July 2010 until the new refinery expansion is completed. While Reficar has
not yet received the waiver from CARDIQUE, they believe it is likely to be granted.
CARDIQUE granted the extension of Resolution 911 until August 14, 2011, permitting the
continuance of refinery operations under the present refinery conditions. Reficar has applied for
a subsequent extension and expects this to occur prior to August 14, 2011.

4 Environmental and Social Conditions
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June 21, 2011
The site is located in the industrial sector of Cartagena known as the Mamonal Industrial Area.
This area is approximately 15 km south of the city of Cartagena, along the coast (see Figures 1
and 2). The Mamonal area consists of approximately 3,100 hectares. North of the industrial
zone is Cartagena City (Santa Clara, Campestre, and Bellavista neighborhoods), to the south is
the Corregimiento Pasacaballos town, to the west is the Cartagena Bay, and to the east is
Membrillal, which is a small rural community.
The neighboring properties (and land uses) to the refinery are as follows:
� North: A narrow strip of undeveloped land; further north are LPG and AGA
plants that produce and store gas (including both petroleum and chemical
gases); and a propylene plant further north. Northwest of the site are Exxon-
Mobil, Texaco, and Terpel fuel loading/unloading terminals. Several
kilometers north is the Terminal Nestor Pineda, which is part of Ecopetrol,
and is a product storage and transfer facility, with a storage capacity of
approximately 1.0 million bbls.
� South: Undeveloped land in some areas, the Abocol ammonia
manufacturing plant, and then a polystyrene plant. Further southwest is an
herbicide plant and a salt-processing facility.
� East: Undeveloped land in some areas as part of the duty-free zone. The
community of Membrillal is in this direction, 2.9 km from the refinery. This
was the only community identified within 3 km of the site.
� West: Mamonal Highway, Cartagena Bay, and the Ecopetrol refinery
terminal.

4.1 Environmental Conditions
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June 21, 2011
The Project site is part of the coastal plain and is relatively flat with some small undulations
about 6 m high. In the Project area, there are low-altitude ridges and hills (approximately 100 to
200 m above sea level east of the site. The refinery site elevation is slightly above sea level.
The Cartagena Bay and surrounding islands are formed by Middle to Upper Miocene
(approximately 11.2 million years old) and Pleistocene (1.6 million years old) geologic
formations, both of sedimentary marine and shoreline (litoral) origin. In the coastal area, the
latter lie above the former. Overlying both of these units, recent Quaternary alluvial and marine
sediments constitute the upper layer.
Based on site boring logs at the Project site, the subsurface conditions underlying the site to
approximately 15 m depth (50 ft) consist of fill materials, including clay varying to sandy and
silty loam and other fine-grained hydraulic fill material of low permeability, with intercalations
of sporadic calcareous gravel and sandy clay lenses. Based on site monitoring wells, there is an
upper clay layer, mixed with organic compounds, with an average thickness between 1 and 6 m,
which covers the majority of the existing refinery area. A second layer, with an average
thickness of 15 m, constitutes the phreatic aquifer in the area. This aquifer consists of finegrained
clayey sands, intermixed with calcareous and micaceous gravels. Below this aquifer,
ICP reports the presence of a thick (> 20 m) clay layer. The region is reported as a zone of low
seismic threat.
The Project area is classified as having a dry tropical climate. The Project is located in an area
traversed by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a belt of low pressure and atmospheric
instability that circles the Earth near the equator. As the ITCZ crosses the Project site, the
climate shifts from dry to wet and back. Total annual average rainfall in the area is
approximately 1,044 mm per year. The dry season typically lasts from late December until
early April, with average monthly rainfall of 5.3 mm. February is, climatologically, the driest
month, with an average of only 0.3 mm. The rainy season occurs during the remaining months,
with substantial rainfall (188.2 mm/month) between early April and late June. The monthly
average rainfall rate dips in July, but climbs back to 104.2 mm/month from the beginning of
August until the end of December. On an annual basis, the average monthly temperature is

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June 21, 2011
25.6°C and is fairly uniform throughout the year. The average monthly temperatures vary from
24.5°C in February (during the dry season) to 26.3°C in July (between the two wet-season
peaks). The area has a low probability for impact by hurricanes.
There is a clear annual cycle to the prevailing winds, another reflection of the latitudinal
movement of the ITCZ. During the dry period, from late December until early April, when the
ITCZ is south of Cartagena, the trade winds blow steadily from the north to northeast at an
average speed of 4 m/s. During the first rainy season, the winds shift a little to blow more from
the north, with average wind speeds decreasing to 2.8 m/s. During the second rainy season, the
winds are more evenly distributed around the compass, again with an average speed of 2.8 m/s.
Because showers during this second period may be intense, however, localized winds may be
quite high. Superimposed on the annual cycle of winds can be a large diurnal variation of the
wind associated with land-sea breezes. While Cartagena is too close to the equator to feel the
direct impact of hurricanes, those that pass to the north can have an indirect impact, causing
stronger winds in the Project area.
Limited air quality sampling was conducted as part of the Project EIA baseline. Sampling was
conducted during one 10-day period between May 10 and June 6, 2008, during the first rainy
season. Sampling was performed at six sampling sites, roughly encircling the Project site.
Samples were analyzed for total suspended particulate matter (TSP), particulate matter
composed of particles 10 μm or less in diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides
(measured as nitrogen dioxide, NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), total hydrocarbons
(THC), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ammonia (NH3), and the
heavy metals nickel (Ni) and vanadium (V). Monitoring sites were selected based on a variety
of considerations, but not, apparently, on estimations of maximum modeled impacts. Winds
were light (≤ 2.1 m/s), and there was little rain (totaling ~ 0.8 mm) during the 10-day period.
Maximum daily concentrations (reported as the highest value recorded among all of the six sites
during the entire 10-day sampling period) were as follows:

� TSP: 72.8 μg/m 3
� PM10: 54.3 μg/m 3
� SO2: 34.1 μg/m 3
� NO2: 37.5 μg/m 3
� CO: 3,030.6 μg/m 3
� O3: 74.8 μg/m 3
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
25
� THC: 152.6 μg/m 3
� VOC: Not reported on daily basis
� H2S: Not reported on daily basis
� NH3: Not reported on daily basis
� Ni: Not reported on daily basis
� V: Not reported on daily basis.
June 21, 2011
Data for each pollutant for each site were also apparently averaged over the 10 samples
collected at that site, and the averages were compared to applicable annual standards. This
comparison is considered to be of limited value given the limited duration of the sampling. For
completeness, these average values are reported as follows:
� TSP: 56.5 μg/m 3
� PM10: 31.7 μg/m 3
� SO2: 12.4 μg/m 3
� NO2: 20.2 μg/m 3
� CO: 1,732.2 μg/m 3
� O3: 46.7 μg/m 3
� THC: 91.2 μg/m 3
� VOC: < 0.17 μg/m 3
� H2S: < 500 μg/m 3
� NH3: 514.5 μg/m 3
� Ni: < 0.02 μg/m 3
� V: < 0.01 μg/m 3 .
Although some of the values listed above are relatively high, all but one of the values are below
maximum allowable annual or daily levels. Ammonia was found at levels above the national
standard, defined as an odor threshold. Monitored ammonia values from four of the six sites
were below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) standard of 100 μg/m 3 .

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June 21, 2011
Noise measurements were collected as part of the EIA (seven stations, 5-second intervals over
2 days—a working day and a holiday) during May–June 2008. The results showed the highest
noise levels near the Crude Plant, where the daytime Colombian standard (75 dBA) was
exceeded by 9.89 dBA, and at night, the level was exceeded by 15.78 dBA (standard of
70 dBA). All other stations varied from 53 to 74 dBA and were less than the Colombian
standard.
The regional drainage system is controlled by the Canal del Dique, a neighboring swamp area,
and other minor surface channels flowing directly to the sea (Cartagena Bay). Canal del Dique
is a navigation channel excavated by the Spanish in the eighteenth century (1760) with the
objective of connecting the main Magdalena River with the Cartagena Bay. Because of the
sediment flow of the diverted waters, Canal del Dique has drastically modified the Bay and
shoreline bottom landscape.
Local drainage of the refinery site and surrounding industrial facilities is through the surface
creek called Arroyo Grande. This creek flowed in a southeast-to-northwest direction, traversing
the refinery site. It has been relocated and now flows north along the eastern boundary of the
site then west where it reconnects to the original creek flowing to the northwest directly into the
Cartagena Bay (Figure 2). In winter, the flow can reach 25 m 3 /s. However, in extreme rain
cases (i.e., 100-year flood conditions), it could record flows of up to 120 m 3 /s. Flood events
have been recorded in the past (e.g., 1992, 1994, 2005).
The hydrodynamic conditions of the waters in Cartagena Bay are seasonal based on climate
(winds) and currents. During the dry period, when the trade winds are intensified in a
predominantly northeast direction and the Canal del Dique contribution decreases, a superficial
flow to the south is observed, resulting in more fresh water at the South Bay and a deep current
of compensation of mass from south to north. During the rainy season, the Canal del Dique
flow reaches its peak, generating a surface stream to the north. The tide is semi-daily and
micro-tidal, registering a magnitude of less than 0.5 m, and thus, its effect on hydrodynamic
conditions of the Bay is less pronounced than those of the seasonal wind variations and the flow
of the Canal del Dique. The waves within the interior of the Bay are a function of the wind

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June 21, 2011
pattern and are limited to the short distance available for its production, with heights between
10 and 50 cm at the threshold of wind from 6 to 7 m/s.
The main source of sediments in the Cartagena Bay is the Canal del Dique, with a seasonal flow
estimated between 55 and 300 m 3 /s, with a sediment load of approximately 3,500,000 m 3 /year,
and is mainly silt and clay with a small percentage of sand. The water quality of the Cartagena
Bay is affected by a number of natural and anthropogenic factors and other industrial sources,
including sewage discharges from Cartagena; inputs of sediments, nutrients, and other
contaminants by the Canal del Dique; discharges from Mamonal industries; operation of ships
and port terminals; and several stream and direct runoffs into the Bay. The most recent
significant tanker spill was in 2005, when the SAETTA ship spilled approximately 33 tons of
fuel oil into the Bay.
Bay water quality is generally considered poor because of elevated levels of fecal coliforms,
biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and
low dissolved oxygen. The water quality monitoring results suggest that the Bay is stratified
into two layers. The upper layer is characterized by higher temperatures, pH, and dissolved
oxygen content, and lower values of conductivity and salinity. The underlying water layer
formed by the middle and deep stratum is characterized by higher salinity and lower
temperature (higher density), pH, and oxygen content. Significant differences in water quality
occur between the rainy and the dry season (e.g., decrease in surface temperature and a slight
increase in pH; greater contribution of organic matter to the Bay; and resultant increases in
BOD, COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, and greases and oils; and a significant decline in
dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation). Historically, contaminated sediments have been
found in the Cartagena Bay (e.g., concentrations of mercury, 0.05−0.77 µg/g; cadmium,
0.15−1.44 µg/g; copper, 0.18−19.3 µg/g; iron, 160−1,444 μg/g; and aromatic hydrocarbons,
0.58−400 µg/g). Because of water quality issues, fishing in the Cartagena Bay is restricted.
However, there are some individual fishermen who fish mainly on the sides of Tierra Bomba
and Baru (south and southwest quadrants of the Cartagena Bay).

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June 21, 2011
The aquifer in the area of the Cartagena refinery is reported as poor and influenced by saltwater
intrusion. Thus, salinity in groundwater is high, which precludes the use of this groundwater for
human consumption. Groundwater salinity levels in onsite monitoring wells have varied from
9.21 to 0.76 masl (meters above sea level), and approximately between 4.8 and 0.66 m bgs
(below ground surface; referred levels are not related to the same monitoring wells).
Reportedly, the prevalent local groundwater flow direction is east to west, toward the Bay, with
an estimated local maximum flow velocity of 0.227 m/day. The aquifer characteristics have an
estimated capacity for usage of 4 L/sec, with a specific capacity of 0.15 L/sec/m.
In terms of flora and fauna, the area being developed for the Project is within the existing
refinery property. The specific vegetation present is mixed, with grass and trees growing in
isolation or in groups of various sizes. Many of the species defoliate during intense drought
periods as a mechanism of avoiding excessive water loss. As a result, the soils are almost bare
and are exposed to the action of erosion. The vegetation develops rapidly during the rainy
season (May–June and September–November). The vegetation consists of grasses (Panicum
purpurascens), shrubs and trees (e.g., Guazuma ulmifolia species, Albizzia caribaea species,
Hobo [Spondias Bombina], Uvita mocosa [Cordia dentata], Olla de mico [Lecythis minor],
Mora [Chlorophora tinctoria], and Leucaena [Leucaena leucocephala]). The EIA estimates that
approximately 464 m 3 of wood will need to be extracted for the Project. In the Cartagena Bay,
there are some limited areas of mangroves but they have been affected significantly over time.
A small area of mangroves is located on the portion of the Project site adjoining the Bay. The
main fauna present are birds, which possess greater capacity and ease of movement and equally
possess abundant food, and build shelter and nesting sites in trees. Additionally, small
mammals and reptiles (snakes mainly) are present.
4.2 Social Conditions
4.2.1 District of Cartagena
The District of Cartagena, situated in northern Colombia on the Caribbean Sea, is the capital of
the Bolivar Department and encompasses an area of approximately 6,091 km 2 .

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June 21, 2011
The 2005 census reports the population of Cartagena to be 895,400 inhabitants, with 845,801
located in the municipal capital and 49,599 in rural areas. The age composition includes 35.7%
of people younger than 17 years of age. From 1997 to 2003, the city of Cartagena was one of
the main receivers of displaced population resulting from violence within Colombia. The
location of these groups of displaced people, particularly in the Nelson Mandela community
(located 9.5 km away from the Project), generates pressure on the urban structure of the city and
the supply of public utilities. The majority of the population own the houses where they live, at
both urban and rural levels (149,813 urban versus 88,359 rural). According to 2005 census data,
the District of Cartagena has approximately 183,255 houses in urban areas and about 14,000
houses in rural areas. There is apparently relatively high unemployment and under-employment
in the Cartagena area.
In general, the health infrastructure for the Cartagena area is deficient, both in prevention of and
providing adequate attention to diseases. From 2001 to 2005, there was a marked increase in
the number of reported cases of dengue fever in the District of Cartagena (from 4.3 to 25.33
cases per 100,000 inhabitants). As a result of the efforts of the local government, the number of
cases reported has been reduced to 3 to 6 per year 2 . Cartagena has a relatively extensive road
network, and the main roads are paved. Many secondary roads are in poor condition and
hamper access and public transportation.
The District of Cartagena is divided both politically and administratively into three localities:
� Locality 1, Histórica y del Caribe Norte (Historical and North Caribbean)
� Locality 2, De la Virgen y Turística (De la Virgen and Tourist)
� Locality 3, Industrial de la Bahia (Industrial by the Bay).
These localities are divided into 15 Urban Government Community Units and 12 Rural
Government Community Units.
2 As per Reficar April 2011.

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The Refinery is located in Locality 3, the Industrial de la Bahía, and in Urban Government
Community Unit #11.
Locality 3, the Industrial de la Bahia, is located in the center of Cartagena’s Territory. It is an
area of 8,933. 38 hectares and has a perimeter of 86.22 km. The Urban Government
Community Units are #s 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, and the Rural Government Community Units
are Pasacaballos and Membrillal.
Locality 3 has 64 neighborhoods, with a total population of approximately 346,883 and 55,865
houses. Of these, 329,854 people and 53,102 houses are urban and 17,029 people and 2,763
houses are rural.
The majority of the habitants of Locality 3 are subsidized people with a total of 214,069
(111,074 women and 102,995 men) classified by the Colombian System of Selecting
Beneficiaries for Social Programs (SISBEN) as Level 1 and Level 2 (people living in poverty).
There are a total of 134 schools within this locality, 85 private and 49 public. There are also
21 hospitals, 10 attending Level 1 cases and 11 attending Level 2 cases. There are 25 churches,
4 universities, 57 sport fields, 1 fire station, and 5 police stations.

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June 21, 2011

4.2.2 Urban Government Community Unit #11
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June 21, 2011
The population of Unit #11 is 33,043 with a total of 5,139 houses. There are 12 neighborhoods,
10 schools, 3 churches, no universities, and 2 hospitals (Level 1). There are only 3 sports fields.
Ninety-two percent of the people are on stratification Level 1 and the rest are on Level 2.
The neighborhoods of Policarpa, Albornoz, Arroz Barato, Puerta de Hierro, El Libertador, Villa
Barraza, Veinte de Julio Sur, and Antonio Jose de Sucre share the same social economic issues:
78% of their population live in extreme poverty, there is no water and sewage, the roads are in
very bad condition, their average income is less than one-third the minimum wage, which is
equivalent to COP$190,000 (USD$105). The children have access to school but only 22% of
them have the opportunity to go to a technical school or university. These communities have a
high level of insecurity and homicide. 3
4.2.3 Mamonal Industrial Area
The Project is located in the Mamonal Industrial Area, which is considered one of the most
important industrial areas in the country. According to the Logistical and Business Center of
Cartagena, the number of companies in the Mamonal Industrial Area has increased by 50.4% in
the last 4 years, growing from 113 to 170 companies in that time period. Mamonal’s enterprises
(industrial, trade, and port services) are reported to generate about 5% of the country’s industrial
GDP, over 15% of manufacturing exports of the country, and more than 40% of the GDP of
Cartagena. They generate a total of approximately 34,000 direct formal jobs 4 . The key
industrial sectors for the economy of Cartagena City are metalworking, petrochemicals and
derivatives, food and beverages, tourism, engineering and civil, and electrical works.
Specifically, oil refining represents 38.2%, and the petro-chemical cluster represents 42% of the
total industrial production. For the rural sectors, the economy is based on agro-industrial and
fishery developments. The port activities are a major economic sector for Cartagena.
3 Supplemental information on local social conditions provided by Reficar.
4 Update provided by Reficar April 2011.

There is 100% coverage of public service utilities in the Mamonal Industrial Area. The
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June 21, 2011
aqueduct service is provided by the company Acuacar SA. The electrical energy service is
supplied by Termocartagena and Proeléctrica, which provide the service to the municipality in
general. The sanitary sewer service is also provided by Acuacar SA. Fixed telephone service is
provided by Telecartagena–Colombiatel for local service and Telecom–Telefonica for long
distance service. Cellular phone service is provided by three private companies.
Principal issues identified by CARDIQUE that are related to the Mamonal Industrial Area
include improper handling of industrial waste; restoration and maintenance of the wells and/or
groundwater monitoring network in Mamonal’s area of influence; sewer infrastructure; work
protection for areas prone to flooding; and inter-institutional actions to protect mangroves along
the Cartagena Bay.
4.2.4 Local Communities
There are no communities within 2 km of the Project site, inside the Mamonal Industrial Area,
(the Project’s Direct Area of Influence), and 26 communities identified within the Project’s
Indirect Area of Influence (all but a few are in Urban Government Community Unit #11).
Inhabitants in this area are estimated to number from 70,000 to 100,000 and include the islands
located west of the industrial area, known as the Baru and Tierra Bomba islands.
The area near the refinery includes some communities with high levels of poverty,
unemployment, and a general lack of education. There are limited public services in these
areas, in particular regarding health infrastructure, wastewater collection, road maintenance, and
other services.
While the 2009 EIA provided information on the socio-economic conditions for the District of
Cartagena, it provided minimal information on these conditions in the local communities.
Reficar provided Exponent with the following brief summary of the socio-economic conditions
in the nine communities located closest to the Project and a map showing their locations:

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June 21, 2011
There are nine neighborhoods closest to the Refinery that belong to the Urban Government
Community Unit #11 (Albornoz, Antonio José de Sucre, Arroz Barato, Bellavista, El
Libertador, Policarpa, Puerta de Hierro, Veinte de Julio and Villa Barraza); and two rural
communities (Membrillal and Pasacaballos).
Neighborhood Name UCG LOC Population Total Housing
Distance
from Project
(km)
Albornoz 11 LI 1,220 233 5.1
Antonio Jose de Sucre 11 LI 2,498 502 5.7
Arroz Barato 11 LI 1,956 427 4.7
Bellavista 11 LI 1,537 333 6.8
El Libertador 11 LI 1,987 384 6.2
Membrillal R LI 226 49 2.9
Pasacaballos R LI 10,195 2,345 4.1
Policarpa 11 LI 3,578 759 3.6
Puerta de Hierro 11 LI 429 90 4.3
Veinte de Julio Sur 11 LI 5,034 997 6.6
Villa Barraza 11 LI 350 77 5.8

4.2.5 Cultural Heritage
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June 21, 2011
Cartagena City is considered to be a historical and cultural heritage site. As part of the EIA,
archaeological surveys were conducted in 123 areas, 11 of which showed archaeological
evidence. Most of the evidence was located in a hilly area in the vicinity of Arroyo Grande. In
general, evidence was found on the surface and without context. According to the results of
field visits, two areas of archaeological potential can be defined: areas of high archaeological
potential that correspond to hilly areas near the Arroyo Grande, and areas of low archeological
potential.
The archaeological team communicated with the residents of the area to establish the probability
of archaeological findings; and held discussions with the local authorities to establish the
municipality’s capacity of natural resources management.
Laboratory work included the analysis and classification of archaeological material found in the
field. First the collected material was subjected to a cleaning process. Later it was classified
and included in an inventory to facilitate analysis. The ceramic material collected is composed
of 66 fragments and 2 scraps of clay. It was found in the areas of soil borings 14, 16, 21, 22, 31,
46, 47 48, 54, 75, and 79. Two surface colors were identified: red (47 pieces) and brown
(19 pieces) (see figures and photos included in Section 3.4.5 of the EIA).

5 Environmental and Social Impacts
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The Project EIA evaluation process considered the impacts generated during the construction
and operation phases, and covered different environmental and social components within the
Project’s area of influence. The EIA defines the area of direct environmental influence as the
Project site property boundary and a 2-km radius. The area of indirect influence includes the
Mamonal Industrial Area and the city of Cartagena. The potential negative environmental and
social impacts due to Project construction and operation are presented in Sections 5.1 and 5.2,
respectively. The associated mitigation measures and monitoring programs to address these
impacts and risks are described in Section 6. Section 5.3 presents a summary of the principal
environmental liabilities at the existing refinery. Section 5.4 highlights some of the Project’s
main positive benefits.
5.1 Construction
The principal potential significant negative impacts during construction include vegetation
clearing; decreased air quality due to dust generation and vehicle traffic; increased noise and
vehicle traffic; and construction worker impacts (both on workers and nearby communities).
Other potential impacts include liquid- and solid-waste management, displacement of fauna, soil
and water contamination due to spills, and worker health and safety. With the exception of loss
of vegetation, the impacts should be relatively localized, temporary, and reversible, and should
be reasonably prevented or mitigated with standard/good practices. No significant impacts are
anticipated related to natural habitats, indigenous populations, endangered or economically
important flora or fauna, or cultural or archeological sites. The implementation of the Project
will not require change in land use, nor will it require any resettlement.
5.1.1 Site Clearing
The construction involved the removal of the vegetation on approximately 58 hectares of land
on the refinery site that was approved by the authorities (see Section 6). The vegetation present

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June 21, 2011
is mixed, with grass and trees growing in isolation or in groups of various sizes. It is estimated
that approximately 500,000 m 3 of soil will be needed for site fill material, which is
approximately the amount of material to be excavated during construction.
The Arroyo Grande creek has been modified by creating a new stabilized channel that runs
along the eastern and northern side of the refinery expansion area. The design was developed
based on analysis of 48 years of rainfall data from the Rafael Nunez airport, Cartagena City.
A maximum flow rate of 170 m 3 /s was determined for an extreme winter event with a return
period of 100 years. The channel is trapezoidal in shape, with a base width of 20 m. Vegetation
and trees will be planted along 20-m swaths on each side of the channel.
5.1.2 Air Quality
Potential adverse impacts to air quality could occur due to fugitive dust emissions resulting from
earth moving, material handling, and other operations. Reficar is using water with a
biodegradable additive to control these emissions. Fugitive dust emissions are expected to
consist primarily of large particles that will fall out of the atmosphere within a relatively short
distance of their point of emission. Fugitive dust emissions will be somewhat higher during the
dry season. There will also be minor air pollutant emissions from mobile sources operating both
onsite (e.g., bulldozers and other earth-moving equipment) and offsite (e.g., transporting
materials and workers to the site). These emissions will consist of the products of combustion
of diesel and gasoline fuels in earth-moving equipment, trucks, and cars. Air quality impacts
will also occur during the initial testing/trial phase of new refinery units, which should be
similar to those generated during the operation stage.
5.1.3 Construction Workers
An estimated 7,000 construction workers are needed (peak workforce) for the project. While
the training and hiring of persons local to Cartagena is a top priority for both Reficar and CB&I,
workers from outside the Cartagena area will be needed for Project construction. There are
potential impacts on nearby residents and other workers in the Mamonal Industrial Area because

of increased traffic resulting from Project-related vehicle movement and transport of
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June 21, 2011
construction workers, service providers, and refinery equipment. This could produce traffic
congestion, accidents, and impacts on air quality and noise.
There are also potential impacts due to a partially non-local construction workforce, specifically
in terms of worker housing (e.g., adequate housing provided to workers, potential impacts of
increased demand on local housing), social conflicts with local population, and increased
demand on local social infrastructure. No worker camp will be constructed; all workers will be
housed in Cartagena. At present, the plan regarding worker housing in the city has not been
finalized. While plans are in place for the housing of Expat workers and workers from other
Colombian cities, the plan for housing workers from other countries in Latin America (the Other
Country Nationalities or OCNs) is pending (for more details, see Section 6.2.2).
5.2 Operation and Maintenance
The principal potential significant negative impacts during operation include air emissions and
resultant impacts on ambient air quality; wastewater discharges and resultant impacts on
receiving-water quality; increased petroleum-based wastes and hazardous wastes; and potential
risks due to spills and fires/explosions (see below for more details). Other but less significant
impacts include increased noise due to operations, and increased non-hazardous waste
generation. No significant impacts are anticipated related to critical natural habitats or cultural
sites, indigenous populations, or endangered or economically important flora or fauna.
5.2.1 Air Quality
The primary air pollutant emissions from the refinery’s expanded operations will include coarse
particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide
(NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), heavy metals (e.g., vanadium [V], nickel [Ni], and others), and
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Project is designed to meet the applicable emissions
limits specified in the provisions of Resolution 909 of 2008.

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June 21, 2011
Air pollutant emissions will be subjected to various emissions controls. Emissions of PM10
from the coker operations (cutting, transport, and storage) will be reduced by confining the
coker unit within a perimeter wall. Transfer towers within the coke conveying system will be
totally enclosed to the coke load-out area for storage. As mentioned previously, the final
configuration of this facility is under consideration by Reficar’s Board of Directors. The final
design will include coke handling procedures and equipment that meet the IFC EHS Guidelines
for Petroleum Refining and the EHS General Guidelines. Emissions of PM10 from sulfur
pelletization and storage operations will be reduced by the use of dust suppression equipment
such as covered conveyors and spray systems.
At the catalyst regeneration unit, particulate matter from coal combustion will be controlled
through the use of a high-efficiency cyclone system that will reduce emissions by approximately
76%.
The refinery expansion will allow for the refining of higher sulfur crudes than are currently
being processed at the refinery. To meet worldwide environmental limitations on the amount of
sulfur that is allowed in modern fuels, the sulfur content must be reduced from certain fuel
products. This will result in the production of more hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S). All H2S, as
well as ammonia, will be sent to a new Claus unit, followed by a tail-gas treatment unit. Off
gases (e.g., light fractions that could be emitted directly to the atmosphere) will be collected and
used as fuel gas in the refinery. The use of fuel gas is expected to result in a decrease in
emissions to the atmosphere, because it will replace the fuel oil currently used in the refinery.
Low-NOx burners will be used on all burners.
As part of the EIA, air quality dispersion modeling was performed using the Industrial Source
Complex Short-Term (ISCST3) model, Version 3, with 2 years of meteorological data. The
ISCST3 was approved by U.S. EPA as a “preferred model” until 2005. In late 2005, the newer,
more sophisticated AERMOD model was designated as U.S. EPA’s “preferred model.” The
ISCST3 was re-designated as an “alternative model” for use in certain situations, with agency
approval. Air quality modeling was conducted both for the Project-only scenario (emissions
from current and future scenario) and for a cumulative impact scenario (emissions from the
existing sources in the Mamonal Industrial Area and for emissions from the Cartagena refinery).

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June 21, 2011
Three pollutants were modeled: PM10, SO2, and NO2. The results of the air quality modeling
are summarized below; however there are various issues with the air quality modeling (see
Section 8.1 for details) and thus the results should be interpreted in this context. The results of
the Project-only modeling are presented in Table 5. These results show that the operational
ambient air quality impacts due to emissions from the Cartagena refinery (as proposed) will
decrease by approximately 75% for PM10, stay approximately the same for SO2, and increase by
200% or more for NO2, when compared to the impacts of the current Cartagena Refinery.
While there is a substantial increase in ambient NO2 impacts, the modeling results show that the
Reficar Project will not, by itself, cause any exceedance of the permissible limits under
Resolution 601. Even if the ambient baseline values monitored in the vicinity of the refinery
were to be added to the predicted concentrations shown below, there would be no exceedances
of permissible limits.
All of the maximum predicted impacts due to emissions from the refinery alone (as proposed)
occur to the south of the refinery, within 2 km. For the existing situation, the maximum ambient
NO2 impacts occur at 2.4 and 3.5 km for the 24-hour and annual periods, respectively. All other
impacts for the existing situation are within 2 km of the refinery. PM10 is measured as part of
the monitoring that is required by the operation of the existing refinery.
Emissions from current and future non-refinery operations in the Mamonal Industrial Area were
also modeled to predict maximum ambient PM10, SO2, and NO2 impacts. These impacts do not
change between current and future scenarios, because there is no change in emissions assumed
for these non-refinery sources, with the exception of annual NOx values (see Table 6). It must
be noted that, these modeled conditions show the Mamonal Industrial Area to be in a degraded
state. The new Reficar refinery will have improved air quality control equipment and will lower
or maintain air emission concentrations (excluding NO2 ) causing no estimated negative impacts
on the air quality of the Mamonal Industrial Area (Table 6).
The maximum estimated impacts associated with non-refinery emissions sources are not
coincident with the maximum impacts from the Cartagena refinery emissions. With the
exception of the SO2 annual standard, all of these predictions are substantially above the
associated standard, and are also substantially above the ambient values monitored in the

vicinity of the existing refinery. It is impossible to reconcile these discrepancies without
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June 21, 2011
additional information concerning the basis for emissions calculations for the Mamonal sources.
It is also impossible to confirm whether the cumulative predicted impacts from the refinery and
other sources in the Mamonal Industrial Area together would exceed applicable permissible
standards without having modeled all sources together.
There is no assessment of the impact of existing or proposed scenarios on ambient air pollutant
concentrations for pollutants other than PM10, SO2, and NO2. Thus, it is impossible to
determine whether or not the Project will create an issue with ozone, CO, heavy metals, or other
pollutants (e.g., VOCs). The EIA also does not address the effect of the Project on greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions or global climate; however, an IDB study apparently estimated GHG
emissions of approximately 100,000 tons/year. The modeling also does not address potential
fugitive emissions of PM10 (e.g., coke and sulfur transfer) or VOCs (e.g., vents, floating roof
storage tanks, pressure relief valves, and loading and unloading of raw materials [crude] or
product).
Air dispersion modeling for the Site will be performed to predict the maximum ground level
concentration (GLCmax) of nitrogen oxides (NOX), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO),
and particulate matter (PM10) from the expanded refinery within and around the refinery fence
line. The baseline emissions from current refinery operations plus the surrounding industrial
facilities will be established by conducting real-time ambient air sampling with the refinery
fence line, as well as at critical receptor locations (such as Membrillal, a restaurant,
Pasacaballos) around the refinery fence line.
New plant modifications will result in a reduction of air emissions from the new refinery and no
net impact to the Mamonal Industrial Area airshed. NO2 total load will increase but the
permissible limits will be met (Resolution 601, 2006, Tables 5 and 6). Confirmational air
sampling and dispersion modeling will be performed at the Site to establish a baseline. This
modeling program is designed to meet the issues listed in Table 7, using the following
protocols:

� Selection of the appropriate modeling tool
� Establishing baseline with actual sampling
� Developing a receptor grid from the fence line to 2 km at 100 m spacing and
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from 2 km to 5 km at 500 m spacing
� Developing a modeling protocol for approval
� Building appropriate model input files for NOX, SO2, and PM10
� Developing a model output in a graphical and report presentation.
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June 21, 2011
Reficar has prepared the Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project, Air Dispersion Modeling Scope
of Work. This request for proposal provides the guidelines for a consultant to provide this air
quality impact consulting, and the contractor will be selected once the lenders accept the
proposed methodology for air sampling. The detailed engineering has begun and it is scheduled
to be completed by year-end. The modeling program may begin once the detailed engineering
is completed, and the program will be completed prior to commencement of the operations
period. Exponent received a copy of the proposal and confirms that it is in compliance with the
recommendations included in Table 7.
5.2.2 Water and Wastewater
The estimated water consumption for the Project will be 28,200 m 3 /day, with approximately
142 m 3 /day used by workers.
The current refinery wastewater treatment system will be replaced by an entirely new treatment
plant, for industrial and domestic wastewater. There is some potential for keeping portions of
the existing system for use in emergencies such as spills, excessive rains, or maintenance. The
following is a description of the proposed wastewater treatment system as presented in the
Project EIA; however, the Project design has been re-evaluated, to reduce the quantity of water
usage and also to ensure compliance with all applicable requirements (in particular, phenol
limits):

� Primary treatment, including oil removal (e.g., API separators) and storage,
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equalization, neutralization, coagulation, flocculation, and fluidized aeration
(DAF)
� Secondary treatment, including denitrification, oxidation-reduction, final
clarification
� Tertiary treatment, including disinfection, filtration (sand and carbon)
� Sludge treatment.
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June 21, 2011
The system described in the EIA is being replaced by a Siemens designed system. Siemens’s
technical proposal to supply raw water and wastewater treatment equipment and services, which
includes two process performance guarantees to meet IFC guidelines for effluent criteria, and
covers all above-mentioned wastewater impacts, was accepted by Reficar under their Purchase
Order No. 42166001-PO-1311154001 dated March 23, 2011 (the Purchase Order). Siemens
will provide the basic engineering and the major equipment, and construction will be performed
by CB&I.
The process performance guarantees are in the form of make good warranties up to a limit of
1) US$10.0 million for impaired performance of the wastewater treatment system and
2) US$2.295 million for impaired performance of the raw water treatment system, for failure of
the systems to achieve the guarantees in accordance with the terms and conditions of the
guarantees as set forth in the Purchase Order. The process performance guarantees may be
drawn once the plant is constructed and confirmatory sampling has taken place (see Table 8).
In addition to the process performance guarantees, Siemens will provide an Irrevocable Standby
Letter of Credit (Standby L/C) in favor of Reficar in an amount equal to 15% of the Purchase
Order price (US$35.31 million). Such Standby L/C shall be opened as condition precedent to
the first milestone payment and shall remain in full force and effect until full delivery of the
goods under the Purchase Order to Reficar, at which time such Standby L/C shall be reduced to
an amount equal to 5% of the Purchase Order price. The reduced Standby L/C shall remain in
full force and effect until the expiry of the Base Warranty Period.

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June 21, 2011
The new Siemens wastewater treament plant design flow is 2,150 gpm or 488 m 3 /h (maximum
flow of 4,500 gpm or 1,022 m 3 /h). The EIA estimated total wastewater to be treated is
approximately 440 m 3 /h (dry season) and 660 m 3 /h (wet season), and the resultant wastewater
discharge is 436.2 m 3 /h (dry season) and 652 m 3 /h (wet season). There is an estimated 0.7 to
1.4 m 3 /h of oily and biological sludge produced (dry and wet season). The EIA stated that
concentrations in the discharges are 5 mg/L suspended solids, 5 mg/L oil and grease, 115 mg/L
COD, 25 mg/L BOD, 10 mg/L total nitrogen, and 0.2 mg/L phenol. These conditions
approximate the new wastewater treatment system criteria (see Table 8); see Section 6.1 for
further details on the new Siemens system (the major components of the system are shown on
Figure 5).
The EIA conducted mathematical modeling of refinery discharges using the model “CODEGO,”
which is based on a Lagrangian-eulereana methodology and was developed specifically for
Cartagena Bay. The EIA states the model has been used for other studies, including EIAs,
associated with the Bay. The modeling included the following inputs: discharge 436.2 m 3 /h,
phenol 0.2 mg/L, sulfate 1 mg/L, total nitrogen 10 mg/L, and oil and grease 10 mg/L. Oil and
grease and nitrogen were modeled as non-conservative elements (i.e., degrading), and phenol
and sulfate as conservative elements (i.e., non-degrading). The model used a 60-m grid across
the Bay and considered the following: movement caused by wind; freshwater input from the
Canal de Dique channel and subsequent stratification (due to density differences); thermal
stratification in the water column from the Bay; tide fluctuations and the exchange of water with
the open sea; bottom relief; and thermohaline pattern in the adjacent waters of the sea. Eight
modeling scenarios were used to simulate the conditions in the Bay throughout the year.
On the basis of the modeling the EIA concluded that discharges showed a common pattern, with
a flow direction along the coast, north or south of the Bay, and the areas with concentrations
comparable to the source. The direction of the wind was a significant factor—with NNE or N
winds (more frequent situation), the substances are dispersed to the south and across the Bay,
while all other scenarios had the concentration plume move north along the Bay coastline. The
ranges of simulated concentrations were: oil and grease 0.036−0.46 mg/L, phenol 0.00075−
0.0085 mg/L, sulfate 0.0036−0.044 mg/L, and nitrogen 0.032−0.4 mg/L.

5.2.3 Waste Generation
Table 9 presents a summary of the principal wastes to be generated during the refinery
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June 21, 2011
expansion operation, and associated estimated quantities and proposed waste treatment/disposal.
A temporary onsite waste-drum storage area exists at the present refinery.
The main hazardous waste stream generated by the refinery will consist of:
� Oily sludge and sediments from storage tanks, sludge from the plant, material
from the filter beds of the treatment units of finished products, and spills
sludge
� Used oil and grease
� Oil-impregnated materials, such as gloves, rags, containers, insulation, and
scrap metal.
The main non-hazardous waste to be generated by the plants will be:
� Catalyst extracted from the internal regeneration unit (free of hydrocarbons),
other than the alkylation unit, according to the classification of the Basel
Convention, adopted by Colombia under Act 253 of 1996 (B1120 – spent
catalysts with transition metals, B1130 – clean spent catalyst containing
precious metals, and B2060 – activated carbon free of hazardous substances)
� Recyclable material not contaminated by hazardous substances
� Food residue from the cafeteria
� Sludge from the wastewater treatment plant—sludge from the API separator,
the unity of aeration (DAF), and the biological treatment.

5.2.4 Risks
As part of the EIA, a risk analysis was performed to identify the potential risk events and
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June 21, 2011
estimate the magnitude of their associated effects. The risk analysis considered the following
principal factors: internal or controllable factors (staff training, etc.), external or non-
controllable factors (e.g., weather, etc.), operations types, and hazard and compatibility of
chemical substances. The results identified the following as principal risks:
� Leaks of liquid hydrocarbons from joints or cracks in pipelines and tanks
� Leaks of gas hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, or hydrogen from
joints or cracks in pipelines and tanks
� Fracture of equipment due to failure in the process instrumentation
(temperature control, pressure, chemical dosage).
� Excessive noise generation
� Chemical spill
� Accidental chlorine or ammonia emissions or fires from neighboring plants
� Natural phenomena
� Fire in non-confined spaces
� Fire in a roof tank
� Fire in a tank with light/white products
� Spill of heavy product in a pipeline
� Spill of light product in a pipeline
� Spill of heavy product in sea water
� Spill of light product in sea water

� Spill of heavy and light product on soil
� Leak/release of LPG in tanks or cisterns.
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June 21, 2011
The risk analysis performed mathematical modeling to assess the potential impact of a liquid
spill/release into Cartagena Bay. The results indicated that the substances do not accumulate in
the area because of the hydrodynamic factors of transport and dispersion, and that oil spills in
the vicinity of the Cartagena Refinery show a tendency to move in line with the direction and
intensity of the winds.
5.3 Liabilities
Potential environmental liabilities associated with the existing refinery were assessed by a
Phase 1 and 2 environmental site assessment (ESA).
5.3.1 Phase 1 ESA for the Existing Refinery
A Phase 1 ESA of the existing refinery was performed by URS in March 2007. The objective
was to establish a baseline of the existing liabilities at the Cartagena Refinery, and included
compliance with applicable local EHS regulations, corporate directives, international guidelines,
accepted protocols, best management practices, and permitting requirements, as well as
identifying potential areas of concern and developing order-of-magnitude cost estimates for
recommended corrective actions. The assessment was performed in general accordance with
ASTM E1527 (Standard Practice for Environmental Site Assessments).
The principal liabilities identified included:
� Environmental: Wastewater discharges into the Cartagena Bay from the
WWTP exceed the Colombian environmental standard for phenol;
groundwater at the site is affected by free product and dissolved product,
especially in the areas near the 3040, 3050, 3060, and 3500 series tanks, and

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around the polymerization and cracking units; and additional impacts are
likely to be occurring from other, unidentified sources.
� Operations and Maintenance: Lack of proper secondary containment for
tanks, and substandard piping integrity.
� Health and Safety: Lack of a structured process safety management
program, training deficiencies, incomplete accident investigations (root
causes of accidents not addressed), poor knowledge of chemical hazards and
deficient hazard communication, unreliable fire alarm system with potential
delayed response to an emergency, inadequate worker medical surveillance,
missing or degraded warning signs and visual aids.
(See Section 8.1.3 for the current status of the above-mentioned principal liabilities).
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The reported estimated probable liability/remedial costs, which will be paid by Ecopetrol, were:
environmental–US$19.277 million, operation and maintenance–US$21.350 million, and health
and safety–US$0.185 million.
The Phase 1 assessment reported the following significant sources of air emissions: Steam
Generation Plant (Area 24, five boilers); Crude Processing Plant (Area 23.1/23.2, four
furnaces); Catalytic Cracking Unit (one stack); Visbreaker Unit (one heater); Sulfur Recovery
Unit (SRU) (one stack); two process flares (one in the southwest portion of the refinery near the
wastewater treatment system [WWTS]) and one in the south portion of the refinery near the
tankfarm area 3000); and fugitive hydrocarbon sources, including storage tanks, valves, flanges,
pump/compressor seals, and the WWTS area. These sources were reported to produce air
emissions of criteria pollutants, which include SO2, NO2, CO, PM, and VOCs. In addition,
toxic air contaminants such as benzene are also emitted by some of these sources. The heaters,
boilers, and furnaces utilize either natural gas and/or refinery fuel gas and are major emitters of
SO2, NO2, CO, PM, and VOCs. The Catalytic Cracking Unit is a process source of SO2, NO2,
PM, CO, and VOCs. The SRU is a significant source of SO2 emissions. The flares are
significant sources of SO2, NO2, and PM. The storage tanks, valves, flanges, pump/compressor
seals, and the WWTS are significant sources of VOCs and toxic air contaminant emissions.

5.3.2 Phase 2 ESA for the Existing Refinery
A Phase 2 ESA was performed by URS during the period between November 12 and
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June 21, 2011
December 5, 2007. The objective of the Phase 2 investigation was to carry out an evaluation of
the general baseline conditions at the site, with regard to the quality of effluents, groundwater,
soils, air, and emissions. The study focused on identifying significant environmental impacts
potentially present at the site, defined as those environmental impacts that could involve
liabilities with a potential economic impact equal to or greater than $US1.0 million.
Some key results included:
� Concentrations of total recoverable phenols fluctuated in the period between
November 21 and 26, 2007, between 1,030 and 693 μg/L at the point of
discharge into the Bay.
� Three wells (PM10, PM11, and PM26) had observed free product. This freeproduct
contamination has apparently been detected since approximately
1998. The thickness has apparently varied over time, between 0.12 and more
than 2.0 m. The free-product thicknesses measured in November 2007 in
these wells were 0.23, 0.62, and 0.13 m, respectively.
� The salinity of the groundwater, as defined by electrical conductivity,
definitively excludes the use of this water for human consumption, unless salt
removal technologies are applied.
� Groundwater contamination in the sampled monitoring well network showed
relatively minimal presence of TPH, oil and grease, SVOCs, and VOCs, with
the exception of some presence in wells PM35, PMSN, PM13, PM5, and
PM12. The presence of mercury at a concentration slightly above the
Colombian standard was noted in well PM8.
� In terms of soil contamination, none of the samples had measured levels of
TPH, VOCs, SVOCs, or heavy metals that exceeded the Dutch Intervention
Levels.

� No remains of contaminated-waste burial sites were found at the sites
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investigated.
� The results of limited air emission monitoring showed:
� Elevated SO2 emissions from the sulfur plant (average value above
11,400 mg/m 3 )
� Elevated CO emissions from the sulfur recovery plant (over
4,500 mg/m 3 )
� SO2 emissions from the Visbreaker and Crude Plants below
500 mg/m 3
� Emissions of NOx found at the monitored stacks, between 7.7 and
74.3 mg/m 3
� Crude-oil refining plant emissions of CO of 648 mg/m 3 .
� Based on a mass balance calculation, a total of approximately 0.6 metric tons
of sulfur is burned every day, resulting in an emission of 1.2 tons of H2S per
day, or 50 kg/hour, from the flare.
� Ambient air quality sampling at 10 sites within the refinery property showed
no elevated levels of TSP, PM10, NOx, SO2, CO, V, or volatile hydrocarbons.
None of the detected concentrations of aromatic compounds were above
values considered critical, based on the maximum permitted workplace
exposure limits (PELs) during an 8-hour day.
� None of the containment areas for tanks is paved, and they only have clay
and clayey sand floors. Many dike crests showed evidence of wear and
material loss.
� Other potential issues include integrity problems with the industrial
wastewater pipe system and also the raw material and product pipelines.
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June 21, 2011
The following are the Phase 2 ESA “probable” estimated costs to resolve identified liabilities:
� US$17.875 million to comply with the phenol limit (0.2 mg/L) in the WWTP
wastewater discharge
� US$1,583 million to address free product and groundwater contamination
� US$0.5 million to address soil contamination
� US$1.563 million to address air emission issues
� US$8.975 million to address secondary tank containment issues
� US$0.7 million to address wastewater pipeline integrity issues
� US$12.500 million to address raw material and product pipeline integrity
issues.
5.3.3 Health and Safety
In January 2011, the Project reached 5.5 million man hours (MMH) worked with no lost time.
The existing refinery operation had measured lost-time frequency rates of around 2 to 2.5
accidents per MMH worked for 2006 to 2008. This is lower than the rates measured during
2002 to 2004 (i.e., 7 to 9.5). The accident frequency rate has decreased similarly, from
approximately 12.5 accidents per MMH in 2004 to 1 accident per MMH in 2008.
5.4 Positive Impacts
With this Project complete, Colombia will be able to meet the current demand for diversified
derivate products and that will be in demand in the future. The refining capacity in
Barrancabermeja, Cartagena, and the small refineries in the interior of the country is
approximately 312,000 bpd, and the crude oil transformation is 305,000 bpd. The Cartagena
refinery represents 23% of the capacity and currently consumes 80,000 bpd, and the expansion

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June 21, 2011
Project will bring 165,000 bpd. Therefore, the refinery growth will be 106% and will produce a
42% participation in the national total, and will help improve Colombia’s energy security.
The refinery expansion will result in the production of cleaner fuels (gasoline and diesel) that
will comply with local and international standards, and thus assist in reducing air pollution
resulting from vehicles.
5.4.1 Craft Training, Jobs, and Increased Tax Revenue
The Project will generate approximately 10,781 direct construction jobs (plus additional indirect
jobs) and will contribute increased taxes to the city of Cartagena.
The projected positive impacts on workers and the city of Cartagena are as follows:
� Craft Training
� All potential workers are given assessment tests and most go through
one of the craft training programs before being hired for the Project;
1,654 people have been trained (as of January 2011)
� Through its two craft training programs, Reficar will increase at least
3,900 people’s skill sets by the end of the construction phase of the
project.
� Employment
� Reficar and CB&I have policies to maximize local hiring during the
construction phase; 87% of non-skilled workers are from Cartagena
(as of January 2011)
� Reficar estimates that at least 70% of the people who go through their
craft training programs will be hired by the project, approximately
2,700 people
� Another 4,200 skilled and non-skilled people will be hired (craft,
supervisors, helpers) in addition to the trained new hires

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� The people hired will be earning an average salary of US$1, 200 per
month
� Each person hired impacts at least 5 more, since the average family in
Cartagena is 5.6 persons. 5
� Service Contracts
� Reficar has a plan to contract members of the local communities to
sew workers’ uniforms and to provide some food services. The small
local communities will not be able to supply the large quantities of
uniforms and food needed by the Project to support over 5,000
workers during the construction phase on a sustainable basis. Reficar
will start with some small contracts and increase them as the
communities demonstrate their ability to perform.
Below, is a brief summary of worker-related positive impacts:
Impact People Amount
Improving skill level of people 3,900
Approximate total people hired 6,900
Monthly income per person US$1,200
Total people impacted 34,500
Total population 980,000 approx.
Impact on total population 3.52%
Total local purchases (direct) US$658 million
Industry and commerce tax
contribution to the city that will be
reinvested
5.4.2 Corporate Social Responsibility
53
US$4.61 million
June 21, 2011
Reficar has developed a Corporate Social Responsibility Program that includes government-
related actions (e.g., institution strengthening, strategic alliances, participation in decision-
5 As per Reficar April 2011

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June 21, 2011
making process), direct actions, associated actions with local foundations (Fundacíon Mamonal
and Corporacíon Acción por Bolivar (ACTUAR) (e.g., health, education, housing, economic
opportunities, sports, culture), and communication (see Table 10). Amount spent to date on
Social Programs is US$6.5 million.
Projected amount to be spent on social investment/responsibility
Year USD (million) Year USD (million)
2011 2.06 2021 1.07
2012 2.16 2022 1.12
2013 0.72 2023 1.18
2014 0.76 2024 1.24
2015 0.80 2025 1.30
2016 0.84 2026 1.36
2017 0.88 2027 1.43
2018 0.92 2028 1.50
2019 0.97 2029 1.58
2020 1.02 2030 1.66

6 Environmental, Social, and Health and Safety
Management
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June 21, 2011
The environmental, social, and health and safety management for the Project is based on three
main components:
� Environmental and social mitigation and monitoring plans for the Project
(refinery expansion) construction and operation, as specified in the Project
EIA (see Section 6.1)
� Environmental, and health and safety mitigation and monitoring measures for
the Project construction, per the EPC contractor (CB&I) systems developed
for this Project (see Section 6.2)
� Environmental, and health and safety systems and related plans for the
existing refinery operations (see Section 6.3).
6.1 Project EIA Environmental and Social Management Plan
The Project EIA includes an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) that
combines individual measures and actions designed for prevention, control, and mitigation of
identified impacts. The ESMP is based on the following basic concepts:
� Compliance with existing legislation
� Integration of environmental, safety, and industrial hygiene management
� Prevention as the first means of EHS management
� Minimization of waste generation at the source
� Saving energy and resources
� Development of operational procedures for managing environmental, safety,
and industrial hygiene

� Monitoring and recording of incidents and accidents involving
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environmental, safety, and industrial hygiene
� Education and training at all levels of the organization regarding EHS
management.
The framework for the ESMP includes:
� Environmental impact assessments
� Risk analysis
� Environmental management plans
� Social management plans
� Contingency plans
� Technical operating regulations
� Industrial safety and health procedures
� EHS audits.
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The Project EIA ESMP was revised by Reficar in April 2010 (the Revised ESMP) and now
includes individual plans and programs, including 21 for Project construction mitigation, 17 for
Project operation mitigation, and 12 for Project monitoring and supervision. Each of these
includes: overall objective, specific objective, Project stage, impacts to respond to, type of
measure to implement, applicability location, benefited population, activities to conduct,
management and performance indicators, responsible for execution, responsible for control,
schedule of activities, and cost of execution.
Some of the key measures to mitigate environmental impacts during operations include:
� An ambient air quality monitoring program is included in Reficar’s ESMP.
Air dispersion modeling for the Site will be performed to predict the

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maximum ground level concentration (GLCmax) of nitrogen oxides (NOX),
sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM10)
from the expanded refinery within and around the refinery fence line. The
baseline emissions from current refinery operations plus the surrounding
industrial facilities will be established by conducting real-time ambient air
sampling within the refinery fence line, as well as at critical receptor
locations (such as Membrillal, a restaurant, and/or Pasacaballos) around the
refinery fence line (see Section 5.2.1).
� High efficiency cyclone equipment will be installed at the output of the
Cracking unit combustion gases from the regenerator stack to reduce the
concentration of fine particles of the catalyst.
� The final design of the new coke storage and loading facility is under
consideration by Reficar’s Board of Directors at this time. While Reficar had
the Port EIA prepared in 2010 and the permit to construct and operate Port
facilities were added to the license (Res. 511–Mar 2010), its Board of
Directors has recommended that Reficar evaluate the alternative of not
building the marine terminal and instead constructing only stand-alone truck
facilities for the export of the coke, which may be shipped by truck to two
existing ports nearby. Reficar plans to complete its evaluation of the two
shipping options as soon as possible.
� Hydrogen sulfide that did not react in the process will be sent to a tail gas
treatment system (one system for each sulfur plant), along with ammonia
from the sour water striping units. The storage tank of liquid sulfur will have
a venting system for gases (mainly H2S and SO2).
� Process gas of the refining units, with significant concentration of hydrogen
and lighter fractions, will be used as domestic fuel gas in the refinery. The
acid gas containing hydrogen sulfide is mainly produced in the FCC unit,
coking, naphtha hydrodesulphurization (USLD1/2), hydrocracking (HDC),
naphtha hydrotreatment (CDTech ® ), and hydrogen purification (PSA). The
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acid gas phase will be purified by adsorption in a monoethanolamine (MEA)
or diethanolamine (DEA) solution in the amine plant which will separate the
sulfide from the hydrogen (acid gas). The purified acid gas will be sent to
sulfur plants where it will be oxided by catalization according to the Clauss
process. This process will obtain liquid sulfur (and solid if necessary) which
is one of the finished sub-products of the Cartagena Refinery. The sulfur
plants will also receive the acid gas from the stripping bitter waters units.
� Part of the nitrogen content in crude oil will be removed in the refining
process. Ammonia will be removed by stripping the bitter waters and will be
sent to sulfur plants. It will be incinerated in the gas tail treatment system
each plant, along with the hydrogen sulfide that did not react.
� The hydrogen fluoride gas will be used as a catalyst for the alkylation
reaction. It will be regenerated and recycled in two stages, which will
prevent its release into the atmosphere.
� The FCC catalyst regeneration unit will carry out the controlled thermal
oxidation of coke formed in the catalyst. As part of the modernization, it will
be equipped with an additional high-efficiency cyclone system.
� If required, air compressors and boiler silencers will have concrete walls to
minimize the potential noise.
� All effluent from the refinery will be treated in a wastewater treatment
system, which will replace the existing wastewater treatment plant. The new
system (as described in the Siemens proposed wastewater treatment plant
proposal) consists of:
� Process Water Diversion Chamber: Nitrogen blanked system that
collects the existing desalter brine, oily water from the existing oily
water sewer, storm water from the existing storm water pond, oily
water from the tanker truck, excess oily water from the excess oily
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water storage system, cooling tower blowdown, and new process
sewer
� API Separator System: Primary treatment, oily water storage,
removal of oil to American Petroleum Institute standards (API
Publication 421)
� Dissolved Nitrogen Flotation (DNF) System: Designed to enhance
the separation and removal of smaller oil droplets and solids.
� Equalization Basin: Equalizes the contaminant load discharged to
the downstream biological system
� Process Wastewater Treatment Plant, Sequencing Batch Reactor
(SBR): An activated sludge process that completes all unit process
steps within the same reactor
� Sludge Treatment System (thickener and centrifuge): Centrifuge
dewater system
� Hydro-clear ® Gravity Sand Filter: Used in final polishing of water.
� Used oils and greases will be sent to a specialized supplier authorized for its
use as industrial fuel, regeneration of lubricant bases, or for the manufacture
of plasticizers, temple fluids, and timber immunization. In the case of clearly
recoverable liquid hydrocarbons, they may be reprocessed in one of the
process units, through the Slope system of the refinery. Materials
contaminated with oil will be delivered to authorized suppliers for its use,
treatment, or final disposal in accordance with the provisions of Decree 4741
of 2005 from MAVDT.
� The spent catalyst from the catalytic cracking unit will be removed daily
from the regeneration unit. It will be stored in a spent catalyst hopper located
in the catalytic cracking unit. From the hopper they will make periodic
deliveries of spent catalyst to cement firms who use it as part of their cement
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manufacturing process. The spent catalyst used in the sulfur plants will be
treated in the area of land-farming, under the recommendations of ARPEL
(Oil Reciprocal Assistance on Latin American business) (see handling
INDEX OP–11). The catalyst from the hydrogen generation plant will be
disposed in land-farming.
6.2 Project Construction EHS Management
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A Health, Safety, Security, and Environmental Management System (HSSE-MS) Manual has
been developed by CB&I and Reficar to document the management and implementation of an
HSSE-MS for the Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project. The system addresses health, safety,
crisis, and environmental topics and includes the following sections (see Figure 6):
� Responsibilities
� HSSE policy
� Requirements
� Planning
� Legal and other requirements
� Procedures
� Management program
� Implementation and operation
� Training, awareness, and competence
� Documentation
� Crisis management, emergency preparedness, and response issues
� Accidents, incidents, and non-conformance actions
� Roles, responsibilities, authorities, and accountabilities

� Records and records management
� Audit.
Some key aspects of the manual include:
� Health Aspect Management Documentation, including Medical Surveillance,
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Care for injured and ill employees, and Worker’s Compensation
� Safety Aspect Management Documentation, including Safe Work Practices,
Safety in Design, and Program Management
� Security Aspect Management Documentation, including Security
Management and Emergency Management
� Environmental Aspect Management Documentation, including an
Environmental Control Plan
� Specific operational control procedures to manage health, safety, security,
and environmental risks
� Emergency Response—Crisis Management and Emergency Response
Requirements
� Performance Measurement and Monitoring (monthly report)
� Audits will be conducted daily, weekly, monthly, semi-monthly, quarterly,
and annually
� A training needs assessment has been conducted to define and implement an
approved and supported training plan; the needs assessment is based on the
hazard identification, risk assessment, and legal and other requirements
� The Project will use the following methods to communicate HSSE-related
risks and mitigation measures to employees and interested parties: training;
health, safety, security, and environmental bulletins; newsletter/postings; and
communication records.
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Reficar will perform planned and focused assessments at least quarterly, to determine
compliance and the effectiveness of implementation of HSSE processes in key areas of concern.
6.2.1 Craft Training Programs
The ESMP includes the Training for Project Workers Program (Ficha OP R1-1 in Table 11).
The program’s objective is to raise awareness and improve the skills of the project workers
(skilled and unskilled labor, local and foreign), to ensure the proper implementation of the
ESMP.
Training is provided under partnership agreements with SENA (the primary provider of craft
skills training to the industrial sector in Colombia) and the INEM High School. Reficar has
invested COP5.05 million in the program (2008−2010). As of January 2011, 1,654 people have
been trained, and the training plan calls for 1,900 people to be trained as of year-end 2011.
Total training plan is 3,900 people.
6.2.2 Construction Worker Hiring Plan
The ESMP includes programs for the recruitment and prioritization of hiring a local workforce
(see Ficha OP R1-3 in Table 11). The two objectives of the programs are (i) to give priority in
the recruitment of the skilled and unskilled workforces to the Cartagena city population, and
(ii) to give preference to the recruitment of qualified personnel from the rest of Colombia, and
that complies with the technical and experience requirements established by the project.
The program includes specific actions related to residents living in the immediate vicinity of the
refinery, and includes training and assistance to these people to enhance their opportunity to
receive Project benefits (e.g., job training, service provision, etc.).

6.2.3 Construction Worker Housing Plan
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No worker camp will be constructed on the Project site; all workers will be housed in Cartagena.
At present, the plan regarding worker housing in the city has not been finalized. While plans are
in place under CB&I’s EPC contract for the housing of Expatriate workers and workers from
other cities in Colombia, the plan for housing workers from other countries in Latin America
(the Other Country Nationalities or OCNs) is pending.
The housing needs of Expatriate workers and workers coming from other cities in Colombia
will be satisfied through the local real estate market, which is sufficient to meet their needs.
Housing for the OCNs is under Reficar’s responsibility since it was left out of CB&I’s contract.
Reficar is studying the possibility of providing housing to these OCNs through the nearby
hotels/motels. A study was done and there are sufficient rooms at these local hotels/motels to
accommodate all the OCNs. Nevertheless, Reficar is studying the possibility of constructing a
social housing project, under an agreement with the local government, to house these workers
throughout the construction period, and then Reficar would donate the housing facility to the
local government once the construction of the project is complete.
6.3 Existing Refinery EHS Management
6.3.1 EHS Management System
The Cartagena Refinery has an EHS Management System Manual based on ISO 14001 and
OHSAS 18001. The manual details the policy, organization, responsibilities, document control,
communication systems, process for managing hazards and their effects, planning and
procedures, implementation and monitoring, auditing, updating, and documentation.
The system is developed in conjunction with the following: Regional Occupational Health and
Safety Plan, HSE Plan for plant shutdown, Integrated Operational Plan, Annual Maintenance
Plan, and Simulation Plan. Some of the key procedures include worker personnel protection,
preventive medicine, work permits, management and control of plant changes, contractor

management/control, waste management, emergency preparation and response, HSE
monitoring, and auditing/inspections.
6.3.2 Environmental
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June 21, 2011
The following is a summary of some key environmental management aspects associated with
the existing refinery operations.
Wastewater Management: Use of cooling water since 1982 instead of salt water, except for
TG, deviation of salt cooling water from TG directly to the Bay instead of the Skim Pond,
segregation of rainwater and oily water sewers, and wastewater treatment system.
Solid Waste Management: Landfarming area (oily sludge treatment from tanks and from the
WWTP); FCC catalyst sent directly to Holcim Cement Plant (Nobsa, Boyacá); clay, sand, and
other catalyst packaged in drums also sent to Holcim; coke from VR T/A to incineration at a
cement plant; construction residues sent to authorized disposal facilities outside the refinery and
special wastes warehouse (temporary storage of used chemicals, catalysts, and/or any special
solid wastes).
Landfarming: Onsite landfarming will continue at the existing refinery facility. Landfarming
will treat the following: oily sludge generated from maintenance activities, including sludge
plant, oil-impregnated material (filter treatment material of finished products), and spills
management; sludge from wastewater treatment plant (including oily sludge from the API
separators and the flotation system, and biological sludge from secondary treatment); and solid
catalysts spent in the refining units, except for platinum catalyst of the catalytic cracking unit.
The landfarming includes receipt and storage of sludge into two ponds, discharge of oily water
into two ponds, sludge treatment in three sectors of 5 ha each, storage of inputs to the process
(NPK fertilizer 15-15-15, calcium hydroxide, and biological stump), preparation of bacterial
broth in five pools, and machinery and equipment. The landfarming ponds contain base
material composed of clay and stabilized by geotextile membrane (30-mm geo-membrane on

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June 21, 2011
15 cm of fine sand and covered with thick sand and zahorra gravel free layers). The collected
leachate is sent to the WWTP. The area has four piezometers to monitor groundwater quality.
Air Emissions: Only fuel gas to boilers and furnaces (no liquid fuels or fuel oil). Fuel gas is
sweetened by using a new amine unit, NH3/H2S gases from SWS sent to flare, FCC regenerator
has complete combustion since 1982, installation of low-NOx burners in four of five boilers,
and optimization of the oxygen-sulfur gases ratio in the Sulfur Plant.
Operations: Reportedly, Ecopetrol prepares annual and 5-year tank maintenance plans. These
plans are based on risk-based inspections (RBIs). Both plans (annual and 5-year) are adjusted
according to information and findings gathered during each shutdown, and to operation results
between maintenance activities. Ecopetrol has implemented a Lines (Piping) Maintenance
Program similar to the one used for the tanks. This program considers both annual and 5-year
plans. Additionally, Ecopetrol is applying a specific Line Integrity Management Program, which
is based on a more structured and scientific application of the concept of risk-based evaluation.
Ecopetrol cleans the marine terminal piers every 2.5 years. Each cleaning involves the removal
of an average volume of approximately 100,000 m 3 of sediment. The cleaning involves
removing (dredging) the deposited sediments in an area of approximately 300�300 m 2 around
each pier, down to a depth sufficient to guarantee the minimum draft required in each pier.
6.3.3 Health and Safety
The Health and Safety Program (Programa Regional de Salud Ocupacional) is divided into five
areas: Strategic Steering, Industrial Safety, Occupational Health, Industrial Hygiene, and
Ergonomics. A risk assessment is conducted for all tasks and activities on the site, which
involves the use of a risk assessment matrix (RAM) in which the probability of an accident in
any given activity and the potential severity of its effects are estimated. A formal safety
analysis has been developed for all activities that rank medium or higher in the RAM
classification, identifying the hazards and risks and defining appropriate safety procedures.

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Other programs include Contractor Safety, Work Permit System, SAS (Sistema de Aislamiento
Seguro) Lockout/Tagout, Accident Investigation, Employees’ Health Monitoring, and Industrial
Hygiene. Safety statistic records are maintained per regulatory requirements set forth in Laws
76/1988 and 1295/1994 and Resolution 1570/05. Monthly and quarterly reports are issued
covering employees and contractors, and both on- and off-the-job accidents. Frequency and
severity rates are tracked per the ANSI Z 16 Standard. The trends for both frequency and
severity have improved in recent years (see Section 5.3 for details).
Health and Safety training programs are established in an annual program and include Task
Safety Analysis, RAM risk assessment methodology, and Accident Investigation. A health and
safety inspection program is carried out regularly and includes medical and IH inspections,
multidisciplinary inspections, and industrial safety inspections. All inspections are formal and
supported by a checklist/report form. In addition to the inspections program, there are specific
audits for programs such as work permits, lockout and tag, work at heights, etc. Work permits
are issued for hot works, cold works, and electricity works. Included in each of these permits is
a series of additional standard checklists (called “Certificados de apoyo”), such as confined
spaces, work at heights, lockout and tag, hot-tap, excavations, etc. Employees are regularly
trained in the completion of permit forms.
Industrial Hygiene is managed by the use of a health risk assessment (HRA) tool derived from
Shell Oil programs. The HRA is a systematic method of assessing potential health hazards in
any job or task on the site, measuring the actual exposure level, and defining control measures
to address the hazards. The hazards addressed in the HRA program are BTX, particulates,
noise, sulfur compounds (H2S, SO2), and gasoline vapors.
In terms of fire safety, the site is provided with a hydrant system covering all production,
storage, and administrative facilities. As of May 2006, mobile equipment consists of three fire
trucks each with a 2,750-gal capacity, three tank trucks each with 2,000-gal capacity, and one
1,000-gal foaming agent tank truck. The site is assisted by a 12-member emergency brigade per
shift. Weekly training sessions are conducted, and a fire brigade training facility located in the
southern portion of the site is used for live fire training. Fire drills are conducted approximately

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every 6 weeks. In addition to the brigade members, more than 100 employees have received
emergency and fire protection training.
Contractors’ safety policies include standard HSE clauses in contracts, specific field audits,
specific health and safety plans for large jobs, HSE training at Ecopetrol, contactors’ own H&S
professionals, and insurance. Since January 2007, it has been Ecopetrol’s policy to prefer
contractors certified by the Colombian Safety Council, or who are certified to OHSAS 18001 by
an accredited institution. Depending on the RAM risk classification of the jobs they will
perform, contractors may be required to have a safety inspector or supervisor (or both) in place
and to prepare a Health and Safety Plan for the job. Contractors are subject to weekly
inspections by Ecopetrol personnel and are required to present weekly safety performance
reports. Penalties are prescribed for safety breaches by contractors while performing the
contracted jobs.
6.3.4 Emergency Preparedness and Response
Three primary emergency situations are addressed in the site’s emergency preparedness and
response (EPR) plan: fire, environmental emergencies (spills), and gas releases. Emergencies
are ranked from Minor to Major to National/Catastrophe, according to their potential magnitude,
duration, and expected consequences, and to the expected resource level required to meet them.
Response plans address the resources required, command organization/ hierarchy, access
control, and communications. The emergency organization includes an emergency control
brigade, comprising trained members for each shift, mainly from the operational area; support
brigade with maintenance and technical personnel; evacuation leaders for each department or
area in the plant; and emergency response equipment. Periodic drills are conducted. In addition
to these, Ecopetrol participates in the APELL group, which involves other industries and public
organizations in the greater Cartagena area. Specific scenarios have been developed for many
possible emergency situations, and the response plans for each are outlined in Ecopetrol’s EPR
manual. Various emergency drills are conducted every year, as well as one large-scale APELL
exercise. Response equipment includes (in addition to the fire-fighting equipment described
above) two vacuum trucks for spilled material collection, suction pumps with skimmer (“manta

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June 21, 2011
ray”) suction heads, and spill containment floaters. Detection systems are based mainly on
permanent inspection rounds conducted in the refinery area watching for fires and signs of
spillage at the 33 spill detection points located throughout the refinery.
6.3.5 Contingency Plan
The Cartagena Refinery has developed an Integral Contingency Plan based on the guidelines for
Decree 321 (1999). Through this Decree, the National Government adopted the Contingencies
National Plan for hydrocarbons, derivatives, and toxic chemical spills. The main components of
the plan include:
� Strategic Plan, which includes basic concepts, regulatory framework, maps
identifying sensitive areas and areas of influence, analysis of risks, strategy
for risk response, coordination with external entities, basic signalization,
training and auditing programs, information dissemination, and plan updating
� Operation Plan, which includes general considerations, operation procedures,
operation response, control and evaluation of operations, termination of
operations, and post-emergencies
� Information Technology Plan, which includes maps, equipment inventories,
and contact directories.
Reficar has an in-place emergency and contingency plan that is tied to the National Contingency
plan for disasters (Decreto 321). These plans integrate the following emergency levels for
National to onsite consideration:
� National Emergency—Level 3 National/International for disaster prevention
activation (SNPAD)
� Major Emergency (regional area of influence)—Level 2 Regional Committee
for disaster prevention activation (CREPAD)

� Medium Emergency (local area of influence)—Level 1 Local Committee for
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disaster prevention activation (CLOPAD)
� Minor emergency (onsite area of influence).
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This ensures that the proper authorities and personnel are activated at the appropriate level for
any potential emergency resulting from onsite activities.

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7 Information Disclosure and Public Consultation
During the initial licensing process for the PMD expansion (i.e., leading to issuance of
Resolution 1157 in 2000), Ecopetrol implemented a program called Open Door, in which it is
reported that more than 4,200 people from 24 communities participated. Additionally, meetings
with the relevant entities (e.g., ANDI-Mamonal Foundation, ACOPI, Chamber of Commerce,
FENALCO, ASIEN, and the local universities) were held. The PMD for the refinery and the
Environmental and Social Management Plans were presented by Ecopetrol.
The Project EIA and the Port EIA were made available to the public in August 2008 and July
2009, respectively. The Project EIA and the Port EIA were each presented to the public in four
sessions, and included local communities, local and regional authorities, universities, industry,
and non-governmental organizations. The public may view the Project EIA and the Port EIA at
the offices of the environmental authorities: CARDIQUE, EPA Cartagena, and MAVDT.
During the Project EIA process and the request to the MAVDT for a modified Environmental
License, a social/participation process was implemented. The objective of this process was to
inform the community of new technologies to be used in the refinery and the environmental
benefits that will arise with this modernization. This included presentations to various
stakeholders as follows:
� Local: Including the mayor and Cartagena city officials of health, mobility,
planning, education, competitiveness, environment, and Office of the
Ombudsman
� Regional: Including CARDIQUE, Governor’s office (environmental and
economic development), DIMAR, and CIOH
� Industry and Academics: Including ANDI, FUNDACION Mamonal,
Chamber of Commerce of Cartagena, ACOPI, ACIEM sectional Bolivar, and
various universities (e.g., Technological University of Cartagena, University

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Jorge Tadeo Lozano, University of Bolivar, SENA, CIFEM, Monitoring of
Cartagena, and Monitoring of the Caribbean)
� Communities: Including those elected leaders, delegates, representatives,
and community leaders.
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The results of this process confirmed that the refinery operations and the proposed expansion
were relatively well known, although the technical details were not necessarily known. It was
reported that the Project information was well received, including the environmental
management plan, the social management plan, and information on the social responsibility
policies of Reficar.
The results also identified a strong expectation of local residents regarding generation of
employment for them (both direct and indirect). Similarly, there are great expectations on the
improvement of the local economy and the effect of resources to be invested in the Project.
The Project’s Revised ESMP includes a Community Communication and Participation Program
(see Ficha OP R1-2 in Table 11). The objective of the program is to communicate to the
municipal, regional, and environmental authorities, as well as to the communities and unions, in
general about the modernization project. The program includes actions in terms of ongoing
consultation and information disclosure, consistent with IFC Performance Standards.
Reficar’s public consultation and disclosure program was implemented in 2008, and made
public when their website was established in 2009. The plan was not formally presented to the
community or to other stakeholders, but it has been discussed during Reficar’s public
consultation meetings with the communities and suppliers.
Since early 2010, Reficar has significantly expanded its public consultation and disclosure
activities; they conducted many meetings with the local communities in 2010 (more than 1,000
people attended), and at least 50 more meetings are planned for 2011 (12 meetings were
conducted from January to March 2011).

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Projections for future public consultations
Type of Public Consultations 2011 2012 2013 a
Community leaders 6 6 3
Nearby communities 48 50 20
Nearby companies 3 3 1
Chamber of Commerce 3 3 1
Other 5 5 1
a The operation starts July 2013.
Total 65 66 26
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The Project’s Revised ESMP also includes a Community Grievance Mechanism (see Ficha
OP R1-6 in Table 11). The program’s objective is to address, record, resolve, and answer all
concerns, suggestions, expectations, and complaints expressed by officials of the municipal
administration or any other private or public entity and the community in general; and to obtain
feedback about the Project from the community in order to foster good working relationships,
minimizing the occurrence of conflicts affecting the normal development of the project. The
program includes grievance mechanisms actions, consistent with IFC Performance Standards.
Reficar has good Grievance Mechanism procedures in place for the local communities and other
interested parties, and can receive inquiries through their website, by email, telephone, or letter.
Reficar uses the SUGAR software application to register, monitor, and respond to inquiries.
The system also generates reports. There were 1,308 inquiries in 2010 and 258 as of
January 31, 2011. Almost 90% of the inquiries concern job opportunities and the rest are
inquiries on how to become a supplier to the Project. To date, Reficar has responded to 100%
of the inquiries within 72 hours.

8 Conclusions and Recommendations
The following conclusions (Section 8.1) and recommendations (Section 8.2) are based on
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Exponent’s environmental and social due-diligence of the Project. Sections 2 through 7 of this
report present a summary of the environmental and social aspects of the Project based on the
information provided. The conclusions and recommendations presented herein are based on the
work performed as described in this report. Exponent reserves the right to revise these
conclusions and recommendations if and when additional information becomes available.
Exponent investigated specific issues relevant to the objectives of this Project. Therefore, the
scope of services performed during this work may not adequately address the needs of other
users, and any reuse of this report or the findings, conclusions, or recommendations presented
herein is at the sole risk of the user. Exponent offers no warranty regarding this report beyond
that specifically stated in the Consultant Services Agreement for this work. We have made
every effort to accurately and completely present all areas of concern identified during our
investigation. If there are perceived omissions or misstatements in this report regarding any
aspect of our work, we ask that they be brought to our attention as soon as possible, so we have
the opportunity to address them.
8.1 Conclusions
8.1.1 Impacts
The principal potential significant negative impacts during Project construction include
vegetation clearing (approximately 58 ha within existing refinery property), air quality impacts
due to dust generation and vehicle traffic, increased noise and vehicle traffic, and construction
worker (approximately 10,780) related impacts (both on the workers and on nearby
communities). Other potential impacts include liquid- and solid-waste management,
displacement of fauna, soil and water contamination due to spills, and worker and community
health and safety. With the exception of loss of vegetation due to clearing, the impacts should
be relatively localized, temporary, and reversible; and reasonably prevented or mitigated with

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standard/good practices. However, the extent of worker-related housing impacts is still unclear,
because worker housing plans have not been finalized. Loss of vegetation is being mitigated by
planting of 36,000 trees (i.e., 7 new trees for every 1 tree lost) under an agreement with
CARDIQUE. No significant impacts are anticipated related to natural habitats, indigenous
populations, endangered or economically important flora or fauna, or cultural or archeological
sites. The implementation of the Project will not require change in land use or any resettlement.
The principal potential significant negative impacts during Project operation include air
emissions and resultant impacts on ambient air quality, wastewater discharges and resultant
impacts on receiving-water quality, increased petroleum-based wastes and hazardous wastes,
and potential risks due to spills and fires/explosions. The extent of the potential impacts on
ambient air quality is still not fully defined due to an incomplete Project air quality impact/
modeling analysis (see Table 7 for details). Emissions of PM10 and SO2 are estimated to
decrease as a result of the refinery expansions, while emissions of NO2 are estimated to
increase. There is the potential for fugitive emissions and greenhouse gas emissions, but these
were not modeled or analyzed. No actual ambient air quality data are available from locations
of likely maximum impact from the Project; data are available only from locations within the
plant boundary and have limited representativeness in terms of assessing Project impacts. Thus,
there is a degree of uncertainty related to the Project impact (i.e., Project emissions plus existing
baseline ambient air quality).
The EIA Project modeling of cumulative impacts (Project plus other sources in the area) showed
significant exceedances of applicable air quality criteria, but there are concerns about the quality
and accuracy of this modeling. The new WWTP designed by Siemens ensures a 0.2-mg/L
phenol discharge will be constructed by CB&I, and Siemens will provide two process
performance guarantees.
Other but less significant impacts include increased noise due to operations, and increased nonhazardous
waste generation. No significant impacts are anticipated related to critical natural
habitats, cultural sites, indigenous populations, or endangered or economically important flora
or fauna.

8.1.2 Compliance
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In terms of compliance with Colombian-related environmental requirements, the MAVDT has
issued an environmental license for the Project (Resolution 2102, November 2008) based on a
Project EIA, which actually represents a modification to an original authorization issued in 2000
(Resolution 1157). MAVDT and CARDIQUE granted Reficar was the relevant responsibilities
and obligations associated with existing environmental authorizations associated with the
existing refinery. CARDIQUE authorized the land clearing for the proposed refinery expansion.
The Port EIA was approved by MAVDT and added to the license in March 2010 (Res. 511,
March 2010). Subsequent to approval of the Port EIA, a concession to construct and operate the
Port Facilities was awarded to Reficar in November 2010. The only possible pending key
environment-related Project regulatory requirement is the submittal to MAVDT of an EIA for a
new 130-km pipeline from Coveñas to the refinery for review and approval, to the extent that
this is applicable (i.e., if this option is selected); this will be Ecopetrol’s responsibility. The
previously noted significant regulatory non-compliance which related to exceedance of the
0.2-mg/L phenol limit in the wastewater discharge has been corrected with the new WWTP
design; this is no longer an issue.
In order to meet the air emissions limits established in Resolution 909 (2008), we understand
that Reficar has requested a waiver from CARDIQUE to delay compliance with the air emission
standards that were effective July 2010 until the new refinery expansion is completed. While
Reficar has not yet received the waiver from CARDIQUE, they believe it is likely to be granted,
considering CARDIQUE granted the extension of Resolution 911until August 14, 2011,
permitting the continuance of refinery operations under the present refinery conditions. (See
Section 8.4 for the assessment of compliance with International Guidelines [the Equator
Principles, IFC Performance Standards, IFC EHS Guidelines for Petroleum Refining and EHS
General Guidelines]).

8.1.3 Environmental Liabilities
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Various environmental liabilities existed at the existing refinery, based on the results of the
Phase 1 and 2 ESAs, as discussed in the 2009 ESDD Report. Several of these issues have been
addressed by plant design modifications and upgrades, and they include:
� Wastewater Treatment: 2010 results for phenol were below the Colombian
national limit; and groundwater at the site, affected by free product and
dissolved product, is being addressed and paid for by Ecopetrol. The new
WWTP will meet the phenol limit that the existing WWTP cannot. As
mentioned previously, Siemens will provide two process performance
guarantees to meet IFC guidelines for effluent criteria (see Table 8).
Therefore, this is no longer an issue.
� Health and Safety: The existing refinery has received ISO 14000 and
OSHAS 18000 accreditation, and CB&I has established a significant and
world class health, safety, and environmental management system. The
specific details are outlined in the Project’s Health, Safety, and
Environmental Management System Environmental Management Plan.
� Air Emissions: New plant modifications result in a reduction of air
emissions from the new refinery and no net impact to the Mamonal Industrial
Area airshed. NO2 total load will increase but the permissible limits will still
be met (Resolution 601, 2006, Tables 5 and 6). Confirmational air sampling
and dispersion modeling will be performed at the Site to establish a baseline.
The scope of work for this effort has been established and the contractor will
be selected once the lenders accept the proposed methodology for air
sampling.
� Operation and Maintenance: The new and existing facilities are
undergoing extensive rebuild. Operation and maintenance procedures are
defined under the Environmental Management Plan; these functions are

8.1.4 Risks
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currently being executed by Ecopetrol, and paid for by Reficar as part of the
normal operation of the existing refinery.
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The Project does carry some environmental and social risks in the context of lender financing.
The most significant of these are as follows (see Section 8.2 for proposed measures to address
these risks):
� Lender Policy Risks: The most significant of these are (see Section 8.1.2
for details): The Project design documents confirm that the Project will meet
IFC and Colombian National guidelines for air emissions. However, due to
an incomplete air quality impact/modeling assessment, it is unclear whether
the Project will meet applicable ambient air quality standards. Current plans
call for air dispersion modeling with additional sampling which will be
undertaken to confirm that air quality is met at the Site. Some programs
under the Revised ESMP need to be further modified to correct some
remaining deficiencies (see Table 11 for recommendations).
� Environmental Liability Risks: Various environmental liabilities exist at
the existing refinery (see Section 8.1.3 for summary). Reficar has submitted
the EHS Action Plan 2011 to fully and properly correct these liabilities (see
Table 12). The resolution of these liabilities has a significant cost, with
existing estimates ranging from US$30 to US$60 million. Ecopetrol is
responsible for cleanup and remediation activities and Reficar will be
overseeing these activities to ensure compliance.
� Construction Risk: There are significant local expectations regarding the
Project expansion providing economic opportunities to the local population
during construction. Thus, if the Project construction does not provide
substantial employment or service contracts (e.g., food services, cleaning
services, etc.) to the nearby communities, there could be some strong local
negative sentiment against the company and/or Project. This could result in

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protests (e.g., stopping traffic, etc.), labor issues, increased regulatory
enforcement, or even governmental political intervention. While Reficar and
CB&I have specific policies and programs in place to train and hire a large
number of people from the local communities, to utilize the services they
provide, and to communicate these programs to the local communities, the
communities’ expectations may exceed what the Project is able to provide, so
Reficar should continue to manage these expectations.
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Other, but less significant, potential Project environmental and social risks include the following
(see Section 8.2 for proposed measures to address these risks):
� Regulatory Risk: Reficar has secured environmental regulatory approval for
the refinery expansion and has all the regulatory approvals for the Project.
The key relevant pending permits from the site review in 2009 included the
permit for the port/terminal expansion works and operations. This permit has
been acquired (Res. 511, March 2010). To the extent applicable, any
permitting for the new pipeline and terminal facilities in Coveñas will be the
responsibility of Ecopetrol who will own and operate these logistic facilities.
� Construction Timing Risk: CB&I has fully developed and documented the
construction-phase Occupational Health and Safety Management System and
Environmental Management System. These systems and associated plans
and procedures are in place and are currently being implemented by CB&I.
This risk was mitigated subsequent to the status reported previously in the
2009 ESDD Report.
� Operation Risk: There is a risk due to the potential significance of lowprobability
major events (e.g., accidental releases, spills, explosions, etc.)
during operations. While the track record of the existing refinery does not
appear to be poor, adverse events have occurred, and there are existing
environmental liabilities due to past practices. The new refinery expansion
will substantially increase, in some aspects, the potential consequence

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severity if a major event does occur. The potential for major events would
include Project-related facilities such as the Nestor Pineda Terminal. In our
opinion, these risks can be properly identified, quantified, and mitigated. The
site Health, Safety, Security, and Environmental Management System for the
Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project (CB&I Contract No. 166000) provides
procedures, guidelines, and requirements for such occurrences during
construction activities.
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8.2 Current Status of Recommendations Included in the 2009
ESDD Report
The following specific technical, environmental, and social measures were recommended for the
Project in order to satisfy the applicable lender environmental and social requirements and to
adequately mitigate the Project’s environmental and social risks:
1. Reficar should present supplemental Project environmental and social impact
analysis/information on:
(a) Project-specific and cumulative air quality impacts (see Table 7 for
specific recommendations).
Status: The ambient air quality monitoring program is included in Reficar’s
ESMP. Air dispersion modeling for the Site will be performed to predict the
maximum ground level concentration (GLCmax) of nitrogen oxides (NOX),
sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM10)
from the expanded refinery within and around the refinery fence line. The
baseline emissions from current refinery operations plus the surrounding
industrial facilities will be established by conducting real-time ambient air
sampling with the refinery fence line, as well as at critical receptor locations
(such as Membrillal, a restaurant, Pasacaballos) around the refinery fence
line.

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Reficar has prepared the Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project, Air
Dispersion Modeling Scope of Work. This request for proposal provides the
guidelines for a consultant to provide this air quality impact consulting, and
the contractor will be selected once the lenders accept the proposed
methodology for air sampling. Exponent received a copy of the proposal and
confirms that it is in compliance with the recommendations included in
Table 7 of our ESDD Report (see Section 5.2.1).
� The detailed engineering has begun and it is scheduled to be
completed by year-end. The modeling program may begin once
the detailed engineering is completed, and the program will be
completed prior to commencement of the operations period.
� Reficar’s commitment that air modeling will take place for the
refinery operation, along with the environmental management
plans included in the Revised ESMP, and contractor process
guarantees ensure that the Project will be in compliance with IFC
PS 3 (Pollution Prevention and Abatement).
(b) construction worker–related impacts (i.e., influx management, housing,
transportation, impacts to immediate nearby communities, etc.),
Status: During the recent site visit, Reficar and CB&I gave presentations to
Exponent on their programs to manage construction worker-related impacts,
including workers’ housing, worker transportation (by bus daily to the project
site), and potential impacts to Membrillal (the only immediately nearby
community, which is located about 3 km from the project site, along the back
road).
Complete information has not yet been made available to Exponent on i) the
history of the Project’s Community, Health, Safety and Security program
(FICHA OP R1-5); and ii) the Project’s Construction Worker Housing Plan
(for details see i) and ii) below). Exponent recommends this information be
submitted to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to Financial Close.
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i) the Project’s Community Health, Safety and Security programs;
Status: The EMP Contingency Plan included in the HSE Management
System includes procedures for Community Health, Safety and Security,
and the ESMP includes a program for informing, training, and educating
surrounding communities about the environment and emergency
preparedness (see Section 6.4 and Ficha OP R1-5). The history of
activities under the ESMP program, including practice emergency drills
conducted with the local communities, has not yet been presented to
Exponent.
ii) CB&I’s Construction Worker Housing Plan,
Status: The Project plan regarding worker housing in the city has not
been finalized. While plans are in place under CB&I’s EPC contract for
the housing of Expatriate workers and workers from other cities in
Colombia, the Reficar plan is pending for housing workers from other
countries in Latin America (the Other Country Nationalities or OCNs).
While there are sufficient rooms at local hotels/motels to accommodate
all the OCNs, Reficar is studying the possibility of constructing a social
housing project, under an agreement with the local government, to house
these workers throughout the construction period, and then Reficar would
donate the housing facility to the local government once the construction
of the project is complete (see Section 6.2.3).
iii) CB&I’s Workers’ Transportation Plan.
Status: CB&I’s Workers’ Transportation Plan is included in the
Project’s Traffic Management Plan, which includes bus transportation for
the project workers, to and from the Project site, and the transportation of
cargo to the Project site. Personnel transportation will be subcontracted
by CB&I to a specialized firm or group of firms. The estimated demand
at peak will be around 250 buses per day, with an average capacity of
30 passengers each. Staggered entrance to and exit from the jobsite will
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be organized in order to prevent congestion and traffic jams at the
surrounding roads of the jobsite (see Section 6.2.4).
(iv) Influx Management
Status: As Exponent was informed, Reficar does not have a plan to
address an unexpected influx of people looking for jobs at the refinery.
Reficar’s and CB&I’s programs to provide craft training and hire a peak
workforce of approx. 7000 for the construction will minimize this risk.
Exponent recommends that Reficar work with local authorities to develop
a contingency influx management plan.
(c) decommissioning of existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs),
Status: Decommissioning of the current WWTP is integrated with the
development of the new WWTP. Some tanks and storage facilities will be
maintained and used with the new system (see status of the new Siemensdesigned
system in sub-section 4 below, and further details of the new system
in Sections 5.2.2 and 6.1).
(d) transport of hydrofluoric acid during operations,
Status: A plan has been developed to import hydrofluoric (HF) acid using
ISO containers (20 or 40 ft) following established Colombian standards that
are based on UN guidelines for hazardous materials transportation (1995).
The hydrofluoric acid, along with other hazardous materials, will be
transported by truck to the Project site. The handling, storage, and
transferring of hazardous materials is covered under the existing EMP, and
the Project ESMP has contingencies and fichas for handling hazardous
materials (see Fichas CO R1-3 and CO R1-15).
(e) estimated total energy consumption during operation (expressed as MJ per
metric ton of processed crude oil) and estimated electric power consumption
during operations (expressed as KWh per metric ton of processed crude oil).
Status: This information has been provided to Exponent (refer to Tables 13
and 14).
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2. Reficar should present specific information confirming how the Project will
comply with the SOx emission limit in the IFC Environmental Health and
Safety Guideline for Petroleum Refining when operating with over a 1%
sulfur feedstock and up to the maximum likely sulfur content feedstock. This
should include the design and operation aspects (including any applicable
EPC or equipment guarantee emissions limits) and the associated costs. It
should also include how this design and operation would comply with that
stated in Resolution 2102 (November 2008) on atmospheric emissions
(“permiso de emisiones atomosfericas”, Hoja No. 26 and 27).
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Status: The Project redesign includes a FCCU that is designed to meet the
SOx emission limit in the IFC Environmental Health and Safety Guideline
for Petroleum Refining, and will include modeling of baseline and
operational conditions; baseline will be obtained by using actual sampling at
critical receptors.
3. Reficar should prepare and present a revised ESMP (from Project EIA) to
fully address (a) the requirements established in Resolution 2102 (November
2008) and (b) the recommendations listed in Table 11.
Status: The Revised ESMP was prepared in April 2010, and was provided to
Exponent during the recent site visit (see Table 11 for listing of the fichas of
the plans and programs).
4. Reficar should present the final design of the wastewater collection and
treatment system for the refinery expansion. This should include a guarantee
of phenol discharge of less than 0.2 mg/L, program/design for water use
minimization, guarantee limits for all wastewater discharge parameters, and
specific operational procedure for stormwater testing (i.e., in terms of
deciding whether stormwater will be treated or not).
Status: The wastewater collection and treatment system described in the
EIA is being replaced by a Siemens designed system. Siemens’s technical
proposal to supply raw water (Proposal No. 703725) and wastewater
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treatment equipment and services (Proposal No. 7040008), which included
two process performance guarantees to meet IFC guidelines for effluent
criteria and covered all above-mentioned wastewater impacts, was accepted
by Reficar under their purchase order no. 42166001-PO-1311154001 (the
Purchase Order), dated March 23, 2011, for US$35.31 million. Siemens will
provide the basic engineering and major equipment. Construction will be
performed by CB&I. The Siemens technical proposal includes Table 3.4a
that outlines meeting the IFC EHS Guideline for phenol of less than
0.2 mg/kg (see Table 8). The major components of the system are shown on
Figure 5.
The process performance guarantees are in the form of make good warranties
up to a limit of (i) US$10.0 million for impaired performance of the
wastewater treatment system and (ii) US$2.295 million for impaired
performance of the raw water treatment system, for failure of the systems to
achieve the guarantees in accordance with the terms and conditions of the
guarantees as set forth in the purchase order. The guarantees may be drawn
once the plant is constructed and confirmatory sampling has taken place.
In addition to the process performance guarantees, Siemens will provide an
Irrevocable Standby Letter of Credit (Standby L/C) in favor of Reficar in an
amount equal to 15% of the Purchase Order price. Such Standby L/C shall be
opened as condition precedent to the first milestone payment and shall remain
in full force and effect until full delivery of the goods under the Purchase
Order to Reficar, at which time such Standby L/C shall be reduced to an
amount equal to 5% of the Purchase Order price. The reduced Standby L/C
shall remain in full force and effect until the expiry of the Base Warranty
Period. (See Sections 5.2.2 and 6.1 for further details on the new wastewater
treatment systems.)
5. Reficar should present a complete Corrective Action Plan to address (a) all
the environmental liabilities at the existing refinery identified in the Phase 1
and 2 ESAs, including those identified but necessarily with material financial
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costs and (b) the issues listed in Table 15. The plan should include the
associated costs, responsibilities for implementation, and proposed time
schedule.
Status: A complete Corrective Action Plan to address all the environmental
liabilities identified in the Phase 1 and Phase 2 ESAs has been completed and
submitted to Exponent (the EHS Action Plan 2011, see Table 12). As
outlined in this Action Plan, Reficar completed assessments during 2010 and
will continue to monitor and complete remedial actions and systems between
2011 and 2013. Ecopetrol is responsible for cleanup and remediation
activities and Reficar will be overseeing these activities to ensure
compliance.
6. Reficar should present specific information on how the potential material
Project-related environmental costs will be paid for, including specifically
those for:
(a) compliance with SOx emission limit in the IFC EHS Guidelines for
Petroleum Refining,
Status: The Environmental Management Plan, EIAs, and the proposed air
emissions modeling work will address this issue. The focus will be on
evaluation, management, monitoring, and contingency planning. The scope
basis and engineering design set the plant air emissions to meet IFC
guidelines, but Reficar will still need to sample, model, and confirm the
emissions. The monitoring is included in the approved EMP for the future
operation, and is included in the operational costs (as it is today for the
existing refinery).
(b) resolution of environmental liabilities at the existing refinery,
Status: The current refinery operation falls under the current Environmental
Management Plan. Several of these issues have been addressed by plant
design modifications and upgrades. The phenol will be resolved with the
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new WWTP, and the free product plume will continue to be addressed by
Ecopetrol (see Section 5.3.1, and sub-section 5 above).
(c) compliance with the 0.2-mg/L phenol limit in wastewater discharge for
refinery expansion.
Status: Siemens will provide process performance guarantees to cover the
phenol limit in wastewater discharge (see sub-section 4 above and Siemens
Table 3.4a [Table 8]).
7. Reficar should prepare and present a plan to provide economic opportunities
to the local population during Project construction, especially for those
populations in the immediate vicinity of the refinery. The plan should
consider employment or service contracts (e.g., food services, cleaning
services, etc.) to the nearby communities, and specific training and assistance
for the immediately local residents and community associations.
Status: Providing economic opportunities to the local population and other
means of improving their livelihoods is a top priority for both Reficar and
CB&I. While Reficar does not have an overall plan to provide economic
opportunities, there are individual plans and social programs covering local
hiring, use of local services, craft training, and corporate social responsibility
(see Section 5.4.1 and Fichas OP R1-1—Training of Project Workers and
OP R1-3—Recruitment Programs and Prioritization of Local Workforce).
Reficar has a plan to contract members of the local communities to sew
workers’ uniforms and to provide some food services, and has recently
placed purchase orders with three small local businesses.
8. Reficar should present the executed EPC contract, and such contract should
have specific EHS requirements established, including those required by
lenders, air emission guarantees to meet Colombian and lender requirements,
wastewater discharge guarantees to meet Colombian and lender requirements,
implementation of the CB&I/Reficar EHS system (see next item), and
specific management and performance EHS indicators.
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Status: A copy of the executed EPC contract between Reficar and CB&I
was presented to Exponent during the recent visit.
� EPC Contract includes:
a) air emission guarantees to meet Colombian and lender requirements;
b) wastewater discharge guarantees to meet Colombian and lender
requirements;
c) implementation of the CB&I/Reficar EHS system (see next item), and
d) specific management and performance EHS indicators.
9. The CB&I/Reficar Health, Safety, Security, and Environmental Management
System for Project construction should be updated to reflect all lenders’
requirements.
Status: Reficar and CB&I gave presentations to Exponent on their Health,
Safety, Security, and Environmental Management System policies and
procedures. These systems are firmly emplaced in the day-to-day
performance at the Site. Details are presented in the Health, Safety, and
Environmental Management System for the Cartagena Refinery Expansion
Project, CB&I Contract No. 166000 document.
Exponent was informed that as of January 31, 2011, the Project had reached
5.5 million man-hours with no lost time.
10. Reficar should require CB&I to establish and implement a labor policy and
associated procedures for the Project construction that complies with IFC
Performance Standard 2 on Labor and Work Conditions.
Status: CB&I gave a presentation to Exponent on their labor policies and
procedures. While CB&I’s policies and procedures comply with most
requirements of Performance Standard 2, they did not have a written projectspecific
Workers’ Grievance Mechanism at that time. This plan is currently
in process and expected to be complete by the end of July 2011. Also, a
written summary of workers’ health insurance information and the
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Colombian health programs that workers contribute to was provided to
Exponent.
11. Reficar should work with CB&I to develop and implement a Construction
Worker Housing Plan and a Construction Traffic Management Plan.
Status:
a.) For the status of the Construction Worker Housing Plan, refer to
Section 1.(b) above; and
b.) Reficar and CB&I have implemented a Construction Traffic Management
Plan for the construction phase of the project (see Section 6.2.4). For the
Operations Phase, Reficar will need to update the plan to include
procedures for the truck transportation of pet-coke from the plant;
Exponent recommends that this plan be presented to the Senior Lenders
for their approval prior to commencement of Operations.
12. An EHS Management System for the Refinery Expansion should be
developed and implemented, by expanding and updating the existing
Cartagena Refinery EHS management system, in order to be fully consistent
with ISO 14001 and OSHAS 18001.
Status: Refer to Section 9 above for information on the Construction Phase
EHS Management System. Exponent recommends that Reficar’s EHS
Management System for the Operations Phase be submitted to the Senior
Lenders for their approval prior to the commencement of the Operations
Phase.
13. Reficar needs to complete the pending environmental studies and obtain the
necessary governmental permits and authorizations for the Project port
facility and the selected raw material delivery option (Coveñas Option or
New Coke Jetty and Storage Option).
Status:
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Coveñas Option: To the extent applicable, any permitting for the new
pipeline and terminal facilities in Coveñas will be the responsibility of
Ecopetrol who will own and operate these logistic facilities.
New Coke Jetty and Storage Option: While Reficar had the Port EIA
prepared in 2009, and an environmental license was granted (Resolution 511,
March 2010), its Board of Directors has recommended that Reficar evaluate
the alternative of not building the marine terminal and instead constructing
only stand-alone truck facilities for the export of the coke, which may be
shipped by truck to two existing ports nearby. Reficar plans to complete its
evaluation of the two shipping options as soon as possible. Therefore, no
further environmental studies, permits, or authorizations should be required
for the port facility.
With or without the port facility, the possibility of using both covered and
open storage for the coke is being evaluated. Each option will take into
consideration stormwater contact, dust, water treatment, wetting, and other
handling and environmental factors that are outlined by the IFC EHS
Guidelines for Petroleum Refining. IFC has confirmed that while covered
storage is a good practice mitigation measure, it is not required.
14. Reficar needs to present a plan to properly perform the dredging operations
associated with the port/dock work, including assessment of sediment
confirmation and specific method and location for disposal of dredge spoils.
If the final design for the port/dock construction requires the loss of any
mangroves, then Reficar should present a plan to reestablish an appropriate
number of lost trees.
Status: The dredging plan was included in the Port EIA. The dredging plan
has been reviewed and all permits have been approved. Compensation plans
for tree and mangrove removals have been prepared and submitted; EPA
Cartagena and the MoE have awarded the permit for removal of mangroves.
As discussed under Section 13 above, Reficar is evaluating the alternative of
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not building the marine terminal and instead constructing only stand-alone
truck facilities for the export of the pet-coke, so further dredging may not be
required (Reficar will make its decision by the end of May 2011). The
dredge spoils (approximately 20,000 cubic meters) for the Ro-Ro dock
dredging are located in the area to the west of the WWTP.
Final details on the compensation plan are pending recommendation by the
City of Cartagena. The coke and sulfur facility is pending review by the
Board. If the Board proceeds with construction of the coke and sulfur dock
facility, the compensation plan for proposed mangrove cut in this area
(approximately 2,500 m 2 ) will need to be approved by the City of Cartagena.
15. Reficar should explore with other major industries in the Mamonal industrial
Area and CARDIQUE the development and implementation of an ambient
air quality monitoring program.
Status: Now that Reficar has established its own Project site-specific
ambient air quality monitoring program, it would be beneficial for Reficar to
explore with other major industries in the Mamonal Industrial Area and
CARDIQUE the possibility of developing and implementing a cumulative
ambient air quality monitoring program for the area.
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In the 2009 ESDD Report the following recommendations were made, and are associated with
the timing of Project financing:
� Prior to consideration of internal lender final/credit approvals:
� Supplemental information on air quality modeling in form and
substance acceptable to lenders demonstrating that the Project will
comply with applicable Colombian requirements, IFC EHS General
Guideline and IFC EHS Petroleum Refining Guideline.
Status: The detailed engineering has begun and it is scheduled to be
completed by year-end. The modeling program may begin once the
detailed engineering is completed, and the program will be completed

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
prior to commencement of the operations period. Exponent received a
copy of the proposal and confirms that it is in compliance with the
recommendations included in Table 7 (see Sections 5.2.1 and 8.2.1 (a)).
� Information in form and substance acceptable to lenders
demonstrating how the Project will comply with the following:
(a) SOx emission limit in IFC EHS Guideline for Petroleum Refining
Status: Satisfied.
and
(b) the 0.2 mg/L limit for phenol in the wastewater discharge
Status: Satisfied.
� Information on how material Project-related environmental costs will
be paid.
Status: Satisfied.
� Prior to financial closing:
� Corrective Action Plan in form and substance satisfactory to lenders
to address environmental liabilities.
Status: Satisfied.
� Revised ESMP including a construction worker housing plan and a
construction traffic management plan.
Status: Worker Housing Plan is still in process.
� Plan to provide economic opportunities to the local population during
Project construction, especially for those populations in the immediate
vicinity of the refinery.
Status: Satisfied.
� If necessary, an Action Plan to comply with lender environmental and
social requirements (e.g., Equator Principles, etc.) to the extent that
(a) the associated requirements are not established in Project
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financing documentation (e.g., loan agreement) or (b) there are
pending actions to comply with the associated requirements.
Status: See Section 8.5 for recommended Lender Action Plan.
� Include as part of the financing documentation (a) a list of the Project-
specific air, wastewater, and noise standards or limits required by the
lenders; and (b) the proposed minimum elements (i.e., parameters,
frequency, locations) of the Project environmental monitoring
program during construction and operation for air emissions, ambient
air and water, wastewater discharges, groundwater, and noise.
Status: This is the Lenders’ responsibility.
� Implement some form of public consultation with the local population
regarding the final results of the EIA and supplemental information
regarding air quality impacts, construction traffic, and constructionworker
housing.
Status: Satisfied. An active public consultation and disclosure
program has been in place since 2008, and was expanded in 2010
after the hiring of the Director of Corporate Affairs.
� Plan for a greenhouse-gas management program that is acceptable to
the lenders, and should include estimated GHG emissions during
operations, measures to minimize GHG emissions, and measures to
offset Project-related GHG emissions.
Status: Reficar has an inventory of GHG future emissions, and also
is applying for Carbon Credits for some parts of the Project (measures
to minimize GHG emissions) (see for Table 16). No plan for
offsetting 100% GHG emissions is contemplated, and Reficar
requests that the Senior Lenders advise to what extent GHG offsetting
is required. Air modeling and monitoring reporting will provide
further discussion of GHGs.
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� Prior to first disbursement:
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� Detailed construction ESMP and an HSP that provide a complete set
of all Project-related requirements, including at a minimum those in:
(a) the government-approved Project EIA and ESMP; (b) the update
of the ESMP to reflect recommendations including those presented
herein; (c) the requirements for Project environmental authorization
by MAVDT; (d) any other applicable regulatory requirements; and (e)
applicable requirements in the EPC contract.
Status: Satisfied. The Revised ESMP has been received by
Exponent.
� Designate Project-related EHS staff for Reficar and CB&I, and
specify their responsibilities.
Status: Satisfied. EHS management for both Reficar and CB&I
were introduced to Exponent during our site visit and we received
presentations on their job responsibilities, along with an EPC-EHS
organization chart for construction (see Figure 7).
� Applicable governmental environmental regulatory approvals for
(a) the port/terminal expansion works and operations, and (b) to the
extent applicable, for the new pipeline and terminal facilities in
Coveñas.
Status: (a) All approvals have been received for the new port
facilities, and (b) any permitting required for the new pipeline and
terminal facilities in Coveñas will be the responsibility of Ecopetrol
who will own and operate these logistic facilities.
� Prior to initiation of refinery expansion operations:
� Reficar should develop, in form and substance acceptable to lenders,
and implement: (a) an Environmental and Social Management Plan
and an Environmental Management System that is consistent with
ISO 14001; (b) a Waste Management Plan that integrates all non-
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hazardous and hazardous waste generation, storage, treatment and
disposal procedures and is consistent with IFC EHS General
Guidelines (section 1.6 on waste management); (c) a Health and
Safety Plan and a Health and Safety Management System that is
consistent with OSHAS 18001; and (d) a Contingency/Emergency
Plan and Spill Prevention and Response Plan that are based upon the
results of Project-specific risk analysis (e.g., HAZOP, HRA, etc.) of
the refinery expansion.
Status: Satisfied (see Table 11 [the fichas under the ESMP that
pertain to environmental programs] and the Health, Safety and
Environmental Management System).
� Reficar should develop a labor management plan for staffing the new
refinery operations, including specifically the treatment of existing
Ecopetrol personnel whom are working at the existing refinery.
Status: Satisfied.
In terms of Lender reporting and supervision, we recommend:
� Reficar submit quarterly environmental and social compliance reports until
1 year after Project technical completion, and annually thereafter for the life
of the loan.
� Lender independent quarterly site reviews during construction and first year
of operation, semi-annually during second year of operation, and annually
thereafter for the life of the loan.
8.3 Additional Recommendation from 2011
� Provide an update on the Archeology Prevention Program, and the Chance
Find Procedures that will be in place during the Project’s Construction Phase.
Status: The archeologist last visited the Project site in December 2010, and
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is preparing the final report, which will be submitted to Reficar by April 30,
2011. Exponent recommends that this report be presented to the Senior
Lenders for their approval prior to Financial Close.
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8.4 Assessment of Compliance with International Guidelines
8.4.1 The Equator Principles
� It is our understanding that, in the event the project financing includes a
Tranche B, the lead commercial bank who will participate in the financing
will determine the Project’s Category prior to financial close (Principle 1).
� As stated above, Reficar has prepared a Project EIA and a Port EIA
(Principle 2); however, there are some impacts that were not adequately
assessed in the Project EIA (see “Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment” below for details).
� The applicable social and environmental standards have been identified and
include the IFC Performance Standards, IFC Environmental Health and
Safety Guideline for Petroleum Refining, and IFC Environmental Health and
Safety General Guidelines (Principle 3).
� While no one formal Project Action Plan has been established per se, there
are various environmental, social, and health and safety mitigation and
monitoring systems, and plans and procedures for the Project construction
and operation (Principle 4). However, there are some identified
recommendations related to these systems, plans, and procedures (for details
see “Environmental and Social Management Plan” below and Table 11).
� An ongoing Public Consultation and Disclosure program is in place (see
Section 7 for summary, and also Table 11, FICHA OP R1-2 in the Revised
ESMP) (Principle 5).

� A grievance mechanism was established as part of the Project EIA ESMP
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
(see Section 7, and also Table 11, FICHA OP R1-6 in the Revised ESMP)
(Principle 6).
� This environmental and social due-diligence report reflects an independent
review (Principle 7).
� The Lenders will need to establish applicable covenants for the Project
(Principle 8), based in part on this environmental and social due diligence.
� We recommend (see Section 8.2 for details) independent monitoring and
review (Principle 9) and borrower/Project reporting to the lenders
(Principle 10).
8.4.2 IFC Performance Standards
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The review indicates that the following Performance Standards are applicable to this project:
� PS1–Social and Environmental Assessment and Management Systems
� PS2–Labor and Working Conditions
� PS3–Pollution Prevention and Abatement
� PS4–Community Health and Safety
� PS6–Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Natural Resource
Management
� PS8–Cultural Heritage.
The Project does not trigger PS5–Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement.
Implementation of the Project will not require change in land use or any resettlement, because
Ecopetrol already owned the land on which the Project is being developed.

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June 21, 2011
PS7–Indigenous Peoples, was also not triggered, because, according to the EIA, there are no
indigenous people living in the Project’s Indirect Area of Influence.
No significant impacts are anticipated related to natural habitats, endangered or economically
important flora or fauna (PS6), or cultural or archeological sites (PS8).
It is our understanding that the US Ex-Im Bank, EKN, and SACE have classified the Project as
a Category A, per the OECD Common Approaches; and Exponent confirms the Category A
categorization per the OECD Common Approaches.
In terms of the IFC Performance Standards, and EHS Petroleum Refining sector and General
Guidelines, no material non-compliance issues were identified, with the exception of the
following (see Section 8.2 for recommendations to address these deficiencies):
� PS1—Social and Environmental Assessment and Management Systems
� Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. Supplemental Project
environmental and social impact analysis/information is needed on:
(a) Project-specific and cumulative air quality impacts (see Table 7
for issues with existing air quality modeling); and (b) influx
management. Once the new impact modeling is performed, it will be
disclosed as requested by the lenders.
� Environmental and Social Management Plan. The Revised ESMP
needs to be further modified to correct some remaining deficiencies
(see Table 11 for recommendations). Eventually, Reficar will need to
update the construction phase mitigation and monitoring plans and
procedures (the operations fichas in the Revised ESMP) for the
Project’s operation phase.
� Reficar does not have a plan to address an unexpected influx of
people looking for jobs at the refinery. Reficar and CB&I plans to
provide craft training and hire a peak workforce of approximately

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
7,000 for the construction, which will include training and hiring of
people from other areas in Colombia, which should minimize this
risk.
� PS2—Labor and Working Conditions
� CB&I’s policies and procedures comply with most requirements of
Performance Standard 2, but they do not have a written projectspecific
Workers’ Grievance Mechanism in place at the refinery
where workers can locally express grievances. CB&I does have a
Workers’ Grievance Mechanism at the Company’s headquarters in
Houston, with Internet access and a toll free number that workers may
call.
� Under CB&I’s EPC Contract there is a Construction Worker Housing
Plan that includes procedures to obtain housing for Expatriate workers
and workers from other parts of Colombia, but the plan does not
include housing for workers from other countries in Latin America
(OCNs). Reficar is studying the possibility of providing housing to
these OCNs through nearby hotels/motels. Reficar is also considering
constructing a social housing project, under an agreement with the
local government, to house these workers throughout the construction
period; Reficar would donate the housing facility to the local
government once the construction of the project is complete.
� PS3—Pollution Prevention and Abatement
� The Project design documents confirm that the Project will meet IFC
and Colombian National guidelines for air emissions. However, due
to the incomplete air quality impact/modeling assessment, it is unclear
at present whether the Project will meet applicable ambient air quality
standards. Current plans call for air dispersion modeling with
additional sampling which will be undertaken to confirm that air
quality in compliance with PS3 is met at the Site. The detailed
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engineering has begun for the Air Dispersion Modeling Program and
it is scheduled to be completed by year-end. The modeling program
may begin once the detailed engineering is completed.
� There is no plan for GHG management. Reficar has an inventory of
GHG future emissions, and is also applying for Carbon Credits for
some parts of the Project (measures to minimize GHG emissions).
No plan for offsetting 100% GHG emissions is contemplated, and
Reficar requests that the Senior Lenders advise to what extent GHG
offsetting is required.
� Reficar’s commitment that air modeling will take place for the
refinery operation, along with the environmental management plans
included in the Revised ESMP, and contractor process guarantees
ensure that the Project will be in compliance with IFC PS3 (Pollution
Prevention and Abatement).
� PS4—Community Health, Safety, and Security
� Reficar has a Community, Health, Safety, and Security program (see
FICHA OP R1-5), but Exponent has not received any information on
the history of the program, or emergency drills that may have taken
place.
8.4.3 IFC EHS Guidelines
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The Project via the EIA and ESMP is also compared against the IFC EHS Guidelines. Most of
these issues are already addressed in the sections above related to Performance Standards 1−4,
while others can only be properly assessed through site visits during the construction phase and
monitoring after commencement of operations.
The two applicable IFC Guidelines are the IFC EHS General Guidelines and the EHS
Guidelines for Petroleum Refining.

8.4.3.1 IFC EHS General Guidelines
The EHS General Guidelines provide specific technical guidance to assist in achieving
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conformance with Good International Industry Practice in four main areas: i) the environment,
ii) worker Health and Safety (H&S), iii) community H&S, and iv) construction and
decommissioning.
Table 17 provides an assessment of the content and scope of the EIA with reference to the IFC’s
EHS General Guidelines. The “Recommended Follow-Up” column is provided to ensure that
these requirements are taken into account in the planning process in anticipation of the
operational phase.
8.4.3.2 IFC EHS Guidelines for Petroleum Refining
Table 18 provides an assessment of the content and scope of the EIA with reference to IFC’s
EHS Guidelines for Petroleum Refining. A number of these requirements are more relevant to
the construction and operational phases of the Project and can only be properly assessed through
field visits. The “Recommended Follow-Up” column is provided to ensure that these
requirements are taken into account in the planning process in anticipation of the operational
phase.
8.5 Recommended Lender Action Plan
8.5.1 Prior to Financial Close
Air Emission Standards Waiver from CARDIQUE
Waiver from CARDIQUE to delay compliance with the air emission standards for the existing
refinery that are effective July 2010 until the new refinery expansion is completed to be
presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to Financial Close, or when available
from CARDIQUE.

New Coke Jetty and Storage Option
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The Reficar Board of Director’s decision, after evaluating the two shipping options for coke, to
be presented to the Senior Lenders prior to Financial Close.
Reficar’s decision, after evaluating the possibility of using both covered and open storage for
the coke, in accordance with the recommended pollution prevention and minimization measures
included in the EHS Guidelines for Petroleum Refining, Section 1.1 Environmental, sub-section
Air Emissions: Particulate Matter, to be presented to the Senior Lenders prior to Financial
Close.
CB&I Workers’ Grievance Mechanism
A written Project-specific Workers’ Grievance Mechanism with procedures for construction
workers to register grievances at the refinery, time limits to respond to inquiries and grievances,
and record keeping, to be presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to Financial
Close.
Community Health, Safety, and Security
Details on the history of the Project’s Community, Health, Safety, and Security program
(FICHA OP R1-5), including emergency drills, to be presented to the Senior Lenders prior to
Financial Close.
A Crisis Manual is in development currently, to be presented to the Senior Lenders prior to
Financial Close.
8.5.2 Prior to Initial Disbursement
Environmental and Social Management Plan
Revised ESMP programs, correcting the remaining deficiencies (see Table 11 for recommendations),
to be presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to Initial Disbursement.

Compensation Plan for Mangrove Removals
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If Reficar’s Board of Directors elects to proceed with construction of the coke and sulfur dock
facility, the compensation plan for proposed mangrove cut in this area (approximately 2,500 m 2 )
will need to be approved by the City of Cartagena. This process can take up to 6 months. If the
plan is required, it will be presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval, and the Senior
Lenders will revise the Action Plan to include the deadline for submission.
Construction Worker Housing Plan
Final Worker Housing Plan, including procedures for housing workers from other countries in
Latin America, to be presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to Initial
Disbursement.
Influx Management Plan
A contingency plan to manage any unexpected influx of people to the area looking for jobs, to
be developed in collaboration with local government authorities, to be presented to the Senior
Lenders for their approval prior to Initial Disbursement.
Greenhouse Gas Management
Greenhouse gas management plan, which includes estimated GHG emissions during operations,
measures to minimize GHG emissions, and measures to offset Project-related GHG emissions,
to be presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to Initial Disbursement.
Archeology Preventive Program
The archeologist’s final report, to be presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to
Initial Disbursement.

8.5.3 Prior to Commencement of the Operations Phase
Environmental and Social Management Plan
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The Construction Phase plans and procedures that will be applicable to the Operations Phase
(the OP fichas in the Revised ESMP), to be updated if necessary and presented to the Senior
Lenders for their approval prior to commencement of the Operations Phase.
EHS Management System
The EHS Management System for the Operations Phase, to be submitted to the Senior Lenders
for their approval prior to the commencement of the Operations Phase.
Air Dispersion Modeling Program
Results of the Air Dispersion Modeling Program, demonstrating that the Project will comply
with applicable Colombian requirements for ambient air quality, IFC EHS General Guidelines,
and EHS Guidelines for Petroleum Refining, to be presented to the Senior Lenders for their
approval prior to the commencement of the Operations Phase.
EHS Action Plan 2011 (Corrective Action Plan)
An updated EHS Action Plan, providing the status of all environmental liabilities identified in
the Phase 1 and Phase 2 ESAs, to be presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to
commencement of the Operations Phase.
Traffic Management Plan
Traffic Management Plan for the Operations Phase, which will include a plan for the truck
transportation of coke, to be presented to the Senior Lenders for their approval prior to
commencement of the Operations Phase.

Tables

Table 1a. Data/information reviewed associated with 2011 environmental and social due
diligence for the updated ESDD report
Key Project Documents
� Environmental Licenses and Permits
� Environmental License–Year 2000
� Resolution 349-280207 Partial Transfer of the Environmental License
� Resolution 2102-281108 Modification License
� Resolution 0511-1-2010 MAVDT–Modification License to include new port facilities
� Port EIA
� EPC Contract
� Revised Environmental Social Management Plan
Environmental
� Environmental Aspects of the Project Presentation to Exponent
� Corrective Action Plan–EHS Action Plan 2011
� CB&I Construction Environment Management Plan
� Compensation Plans
� Mangroves: Anexo D- VO-002-11 Carta al EPA Cartagena
� Trees: Resolución 260 de 2009–Aclaracion compensacion forestal Reficar
� Air Quality
� Air Emissions–Dispersion Modeling Scope of Work
� Waste Water Discharge Sampling/Monitoring Data 2008-2011
� Effluent Results: Vertimientos GRC–Quarters 1 to 4, 2010
� Waste Water Treatment
� Siemens Technical Proposal to Supply Raw Water and Wastewater Treatment
Equipment and Services
� Updated Waste Generation and Disposal Documentation
� Generación RSI–Data on industrial sold waste generated at Reficar (2008-2010)
� GRC-CRP-M-0004.Capitulo 2 Manual for the Handling of Domestic Waste at Reficar
� GRC-CRP-M-0004.Capitulo 3 PGIRHS Manual for the Handling and Disposal of
Industrial Solid Waste at Reficar
� GRC-CRP-M-0004–Integrated Waste Management Manual
� Energy Consumption
� Estimated Total Energy and Electric Power Consumption during Operation
Labor and Working Conditions
� CB&I Construction Operation Support Presentation to Exponent
� Reficar and CB&I Craft Training Program Presentation to Exponent
� Work Regulations of CB&I Colombiana
� Reficar Employment Contracts
� Form of individual employment contract with indefinite term and Integral Salary for
positions in management, operations, and trust
� Form of individual employment contract with indefinite term and Ordinary (regular) Salary
for positions in management, operations, and trust
� CB&I Employment Contracts
� Form of indefinite term employment contract with Integral Salary for Expat management
and trust personnel
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Table 1a. (cont.)
� Form of indefinite term employment contract with Integral Salary for management and
trust personnel
� Form of indefinite term employment contract with Ordinary (regular) Salary for
management and trust personnel
� Form of term employment contract with Ordinary Salary for identified work or activity by
regular staff
� Reficar Health and Life Insurance Programs for Workers
� CB&I Workers’ Health Insurance and Grievance Mechanism
Health, Safety, and Security
� Reficar HSE Safety Training Presentation to Exponent
� Reficar HSE Management System Presentation to Exponent
� Reficar HSE Policy
� Reficar and CB&I HSE Project Management System
� Reficar and CB&I Traffic Management Plan
Socio-Economic Conditions
� Table of Communities in the Project’s Area of Influence
� Socio-economic conditions in the nine closest communities
� Map showing location of the nine communities
Community Engagement
� Public Consultation and Disclosure
� History of meetings with the communities in 2010
� Projections: Public Consultations (2011−2013)
� Reficar Grievance Program Presentation to Exponent
� Reficar Grievance Mechanism
� Corporate Social Responsibility/Community Investment
� Corporate Social Responsibility Program Presentation to Exponent
� Description of current social programs
� Projections: Positive Impacts on Workers and the City of Cartagena
� Projections: Social Investment/Corporate Responsibility (2011−2030)
Archeology/Cultural Heritage
� Archeological Report
� Final Archeology Report (June 2008) by Judith Hernández Bacca
� Archeology Monitoring License no. 1382 (December 2009) from ICANH
� Anexo 1–Approval Application to ICANH (December 2010)
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Table 1b. Data/information reviewed associated with 2009 environmental and social due
diligence for the initial ESDD report
� Project EIA
� Health, Safety, Security, and Environmental Management System for the Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project
� HSSE Assessments for the Cartagena Refinery Expansion Project
� Cartagena Refinery HSE Management System Manual
� Cartagena Refinery Contingency Plan
� Phase 1 ESA of Cartagena Refinery
� Phase 2 ESA of Cartagena Refinery
� Waste generation and disposal documentation
� Computer files for air quality modeling: model inputs (including emissions data and stack parameters) and
model outputs, meteorological data
� Site visit presentations
� List of environmental and worker safety accidents (2004−2008)
� Breakdown on CAPEX for 2002–2009, for the $47.9 million for HSE and $3.7 million for environment
� HSE Action Plan for 2008–2011
� List of plants and animals found during site clearing (for new expansion Project)
� Various EHS governmental resolutions for existing refinery
� Agreement between Ecopetrol and Glencore
� Contract for use of port
� Socio-economic and environmental viability study for Zona Franca with Cartagena Refinery
� Example contract for existing refinery workers
� Wastewater discharge sampling/monitoring data
� Estudio de disponibilidad de mano de obra
� Matiz de gestión de peligros y aspectos significativos
� Energy Efficiency Study
� Procedure for existing landfarming
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Table 2. Project-related air emission standards
Parameter
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Colombian Resolution 909 (2008)
Combustion Equipment
Associated with Petroleum
Refining Process Equipment
Existing
Installations
New
Installations
Solid Gas
Particulate material 170 --
Existing
Installations
Sulfur
Plant Other
New
Installations
Gas Turbines with
Capacity Equal or
Greater Than
20 MW
Existing and New
Installations
Sulfur
Plant Others Gas
6% Oxygen 3% Oxygen 11% Oxygen 15% Oxygen
0.5 kg/h: 50 --
SO2 2,800 -- 1,600 550 900 500 --
NOx 760 300 550 500 120
HF -- 8 --
HCL -- 40 --
Total hydrocarbons -- 50 --
Dioxins and furans -- 0,5 ng-EQT/m 3 --
Acid rain of SO3
(expressed as
H2SO4)
-- 150 --
Pb -- 1 --
Cd -- 1 --
Cu -- 8 --
COV, CO, Hg, NH3,
H2S y mercaptans,
COT
-- Monitor --
IFC EHS Guideline for
Petroleum Refining (2007)
Pollutant Air Emission Standard a
150 mg/Nm
Sox
3 for sulfur
recovery units
500 for other units
NOx 450 mg/Nm 3
PM 50 mg/Nm 3
Vanadium 5 mg/Nm 3
Nickel 1 mg/Nm 3
H2S 10 mg/Nm 3
a
Emission levels are expressed at dry gas at
3 percent O2.

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Table 3. Project-related ambient air quality limits
Pollutant
Averaging
Period
Colombian
Resolution
601 (2006)
SO2 3 hour 750
24 hours 250
Annual 80
NO2 1 hour NA
24 hours 150
Annual 100
Ozone (O3) 1 hour 120
8 hours 80
Total suspended particulates 24 hours 300
Annual 100
Particulates (PM10) 24 hours 150
Annual 70
Particulates (PM2.5) 24 hours NA
Annual NA
Carbon monoxide 1 hour 40,000
8 hours 10,000
Ammonia 8 hours 14.5
Hydrogen sulfide 8 hours 7
Benzene Annual 5
Total hydrocarbons (as methane) 4 months 1.5
Toluene Weekly 260
Vanadium 24 hours 1
Methyl mercaptan 0.7
Ethyl mercaptan 0.06
Note: All concentrations in this table are expressed in µg/m 3 .

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Table 4. Project-related wastewater discharge limits
Parameter
CARDIQUE 1594
(1994)
IFC EHS
Guideline for
Petroleum
Refining (2007)
IFC EHS
General
Guideline (2007)
pH 5–9 6−9 6−9
Temperature < 40°C < 3°C increase
BOD5 80 percent removal 30 mg/L
Chemical oxygen demand 150 mg/L
Total suspended solids 80 percent removal 30 mg/L
30 mg/L
125 mg/L
50 mg/L
Oil and grease 80 percent removal 10 mg/L 10 mg/L
Chromium (total) 0.5 mg/L
Chromium (hexavalent) 0.5 mg/L 0.05 mg/L
Copper 0.5 mg/L
Iron 3 mg/L
Cyanide (total) 1 mg/L 1 mg/L
Cyanide (free) 0.1 mg/L
Lead 0.5 mg/L 0.1 mg/L
Nickel 1 mg/L 0.5 mg/L
Mercury 0.02 mg/L 0.02 mg/L
Vanadium 1 mg/L
Phenol 0.2 mg/L 0.2 mg/L
Benzene 0.05 mg/L
Benzo[a]pyrene 0.05 mg/L
Sulfides 1 mg/L
Total nitrogen 10 mg/L a 10 mg/L
Total phosphorus 2 mg/L 2 mg/L
Arsenic 0.5 mg/L
Total coliform bacteria 400 MPN
a Maybe up to 40 mg/L if process includes hydrogenation.

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Table 5. Project-only air quality modeling predicted maximum
concentrations resulting from existing and proposed
Cartagena refinery operations
Parameter
PM10
SO2
NO2
Averaging
Period
Note: Units are in µg/m 3 .
Current Refinery
Operations
Proposed
Refinery
Expansion
Operations
Permissible
Limit
(Resolution
601, 2006)
24-hour 27 7 150
Annual 8 2 70
3-hour 37 37 750
24-hour 13 15 250
Annual 4 4 80
1-hour 37 124 200
24-hour 14 46 150
Annual 4 12 100

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Table 6. Cumulative air quality modeling predicted maximum
concentrations resulting from existing and proposed
Cartagena refinery operations plus other sources in
Mamonal area
Parameter
PM10
SO2
NO2
Averaging
Period
Note: Units are in µg/m 3 .
Current
Mamonal
Operations
Future
Mamonal
Operations
Permissible
Limit
(Resolution
601, 2006)
24-hour 876 876 150
Annual 201 200 70
3-hour 834 834 750
24-hour 322 322 250
Annual 75 76 80
1-hour 3,005 3,005 200
24-hour 1,068 1,068 150
Annual 251 252 100

Table 7. Conclusions and recommendations related to Project air quality impact/
modeling analysis
Conclusions
The extent and magnitude of Project impacts on ambient air quality (due both to the Project itself and to the
cumulative impact of the Project and other air emission sources in the area) is not fully estimated due to limitations in
the air quality modeling performed. Specific issues include:
� The air quality model used was ISCST3. This model is no longer considered state-of-the-art and has been
replaced with a newer model, AERMOD.
� The basis for emission rates of PM10, SO2, and NOx are based on process guarantees to meet Colombian
and IFC standards but requires monitoring and modeling efforts as described previously. These are not
clear in terms of being representative of the actual potential operation scenario for the refinery expansion,
the EPC, and/or equipment guarantees, and the applicable Colombian and IFC allowable emission rates.
There are also discrepancies between information and the modeling (e.g., text mentions 27 new
combustion sources and 12 new sources of particulate matter, but only 23 or 24 sources are listed in table;
a total of 41 sources at the refinery are listed in the model outputs).
� The initial modeling apparently used only 1 year of meteorological data which does not really provide a
representative set of conditions.
� The Project-only modeling results show a substantial increase in NO2 emissions from the refinery, with a
corresponding increase in ambient NO2 impacts (by a factor of 3 or more). While predicted ambient NO2
concentrations are within ambient limits, there is no consideration of whether or not the refinery expansion,
which will consume more than half of the remaining NO2 increment, will constrain future growth in the area.
CARDIQUE has mentioned that there are some projects under consideration, and IFC EHS guidelines have
some potentially relevant limitations on the extent to which any single new or modified emissions source is
allowed to consume the remaining air quality increment.
� Due to the limited ambient air quality presented, there is a significant degree of uncertainty related to the
actual existing baseline ambient air quality conditions in the Project area of influence, and hence, the
overall Project impact (i.e., Project plus baseline existing conditions). For example, no actual ambient air
quality data are reported in locations of likely maximum impact from the Project; data are available only
from locations within the plant boundary and thus have limited representativeness in terms of assessing
Project impacts.
� No modeling was conducted for CO, heavy metals, PM2.5, or O3 precursor emissions quantification or
modeling.
� No modeling/analysis of fugitive emissions was performed.
� The modeling of cumulative impacts (Project plus other sources) has several issues. The results showed
significant exceedances of applicable air quality criteria. For example, the model-predicted PM10
concentrations exceed applicable standards by a factor of 2 to 5, and the model-predicted NO2
concentrations exceed applicable standards by a factor of 2 to 15. Also, the model-predicted
concentrations are much higher than the limited monitoring data (by as much as a factor of 28 for 24-hour
NOx values). There are no references or documentation for emissions from the other fixed sources in the
Mamonal area that were modeled. The modeling outputs only identify these sources as “Industria
Mamonal,” together with a generic identifier, “FTE” with a number. It is impossible to determine which
sources are being modeled, or to assess the probable accuracy of the expected emission rates and
parameters. There is no indication that growth, expansions, or anticipated modifications were included in
the future-scenario modeling of other fixed sources in the Mamonal area.
� The full degree of Project-only impact on the existing ambient air quality is not fully presented in the EIA
(e.g., maximum estimated concentrations are only summarized). This will be evaluated in future modeling
and monitoring efforts that will be presented in the future.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 7. (cont.)
Recommendations
Based on our present understanding, additional air quality modeling will be required to more completely assess the
potential Project air quality impacts. This effort is currently being evaluated by Reficar and will be performed by a
consultant in the future. The future air modeling efforts should include or evaluate:
� Modeling should be done with AERMOD, or at a minimum, adequate information (e.g., test-run
comparisons) should be conducted to ensure that the modeling done with ISCST3 is consistent with
AERMOD.
� Modeling should be done with a more complete representative set of meteorological data or a statistical
analysis performed that confirms the 1 year of data truly is representative.
� Project-only modeling of all relevant fixed sources in the refinery expansion should be conducted using the
appropriate emission limits (e.g., EPC or equipment manufacturer guaranteed emissions levels).
� Project-only modeling of SOx emissions should be conducted for the full range of different feedstock
scenarios for the Project (e.g., 1%, 1.5%, etc.).
� Project-only modeling of NOx needs to include an evaluation of whether or not additional controls would be
needed, such that the Project would not consume an unacceptable amount of the available airshed NOx
ambient air quality limit.
� Project-only modeling of fixed-source emissions should be performed for PM2.5, CO, and relevant heavy
metals.
� Project-only modeling of fugitive emissions and resultant air quality should be performed.
� Cumulative modeling/analysis needs to be improved. This could include improved summary of existing
baseline ambient air quality conditions by including data from CARDIQUE and collecting some samples in
areas outside of the Refinery property (e.g., areas of predicted maximum impacts). This could also include
improved documentation of emission rates and emission parameters for the additional sources modeled.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Table 8. Siemens proposal Table 3.4a

Table 9. Estimated waste generation during refinery expansion operations (from
Project EIA)
Waste Hazard Category
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Estimated
Quantity
(per month) Handling
FCC spent catalyst Non-hazardous 65 t Temporary storage and
recycling by catalyst provider
Spent catalyst (sulfur unit, etc.) Non-hazardous 50 t Landfarming onsite or recycling
by catalyst provider
Sludge of oil and soluble
aromatics (Alkalation Plant)
Potentially hazardous 158 t Re-use in refinery
Oil sludge (maintenance, etc.) Potentially hazardous 580 m 3 Landfarming onsite
Used oil and grease
(maintenance)
Hazardous 2.2 m 3 Recycling offsite waste service
provider
Materials contaminated with oils Potentially hazardous 1.5 t Offsite waste service provider
Sludge (wastewater treatment
plant)
Recyclable materials (paper,
wood, metal, etc.)
Non-hazardous 575−1,007 m 3 Landfarming onsite or offsite
waste service provider
Non-hazardous 3.4 t Offsite recycling or waste
disposal
Food waste Non-hazardous 2.8 t Offsite disposal

Table 10. Social programs
Health
Urgency supplies and equipment of Arroz Barato´s hospital. Operator: Fundación Mamonal
Construction of center for young poor women who get pregnant and need assistance.
Operator: Fundación Mamonal
Sexual education and birth control programs for young girls who do not have access to
education. Operator: Actuar por Bolivar
Integral domiciliary care for children in early childhood at marginalized sectors of Cartagena.
Operator: ALUNA
Education
Community Leadership Training. Operator: Fundación Mamonal
SENA Training Center
INEM Training Center
Training, education, and awareness on environment and emergency for the communities
surrounding the Project. Operator: Fundación Mamonal
School of Management for Public Schools Directors. Operator: Fundación Mamonal
Media Training Technical Plastics Petrochemicals. CASD Manuela Beltran. Operator:
Fundación Mamonal
Training, Education and Environmental Awareness. Operator: Fundación Mamonal
Housing
Housing programs within poor communities. Operator: Actuar por Bolivar
Loans for upgrading the housing of poor communities. Operator: Actuar por Bolivar
Income and Work
Education and improvement of small businesses within the nearby community. Operator:
Actuar por Bolivar
Inclusive business-urban agriculture and clothing. Operator: Fundación Mamonal
Recovery of fishermen activity. Operator: Fundación Mamonal
Productive patios. Operator: Fundación Granitos de Paz
Sports
Baseball training school for kids 9−18 years old of the nearby communities. Operator:
Fundacion Mamonal
Football training school for adolescence age 12−18 years old. Operator: Fundacion Mamonal
Culture
Musical group in Pasacaballos. Operator: Fundación Mamonal
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. 2009 Recommendations related to the Project EIA ESMP and current status of
all programs under the Revised ESMP
Ficha CO R1-1 (new)
Installation, Operation/Maintenance, and Decommissioning of Temporary Construction Camp
Objective: Minimize impacts from the installation, operation, and removal of the camp, workshop, and temporary
storage sites for construction of the port.
Ficha CO R1-2 (previously CO-1)
Operation and Maintenance of Construction Vehicles, Machinery, and Equipment
Objective: Establish, implement, and maintain the requirements and procedures for the proper management of
selection and mobilization of vehicles, machinery, and equipment to be used in the expansion works and operation
of Reficar.
2009 Recommendation: More specific details (procedures, plan) are required regarding traffic management.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha CO R1-3 (new)
Management of Construction Materials, Fuels, and Chemicals
Objective: Prevent poor management of building materials, fuels, and chemicals which might lead to negative
effects on the environment and worker health.
Ficha CO R1-4 (previously CO-5)
Management of Solid Wastes
Objective: Establish the requirements and procedures to manage solid waste from contractors to perform the
expansion works at Reficar in compliance with technical and environmental standards.
2009 Recommendation: Need to develop the Emergency Response Plan referenced (called for in the event of a
spill).
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha CO R1-5 (previously CO-4)
Management of Liquid Wastes
Objective: Establish the requirements and procedures to handle the liquid waste from contractors to perform the
expansion works at Reficar, complying with technical and environmental standards.
2009 Recommendation: Need more specific details on stormwater control into Arroyo Grande in terms of erosion
and sedimentation.
Status: Satisfied (see CO R1-13).
Ficha CO R1-6 (new)
Control of Atmospheric Emissions (particulate matter, gasses, and noise)
Objective: Control atmospheric emissions produced during construction.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. (cont.)
Ficha CO R1-7 (new)
Pile Driving in the Sea
Objective: Establish the requirements and procedures for the driving of piles during construction of port facilities
that meet the technical and environmental standards established.
Ficha CO R1-8 (previously CO-3)
Management of Land Clearing, Excavations, and Earth Movements
Objective: Establish the requirements and procedures for the management of geotechnical activities of clearing,
earthwork, excavation, and fillings during the expansion of the refinery. Establish them in compliance with technical
and environmental standards.
Ficha CO R1-9 (previously CO-1 [two ficha were numbered CO-1])
Mangrove Management
Objective: To remove any mangrove forest according to the technical and environmental standards established by
relevant authorities, and to compensate for the loss of mangrove by reforesting within the lot and/or any other area
that is indicated by the environmental authorities.
Ficha CO R1-10 (previously CO-2)
Fauna Management
Objective: To responsibly manage the wildlife present on the Project construction site, and to prevent and mitigate
the impacts on the fauna caused by the removal of vegetation.
Ficha CO R1-11 (new)
Inspection of Soldering and Management of Radiation Sources
Objective: To prevent exposure to radiation and reduce the generation of hazardous waste.
Ficha CO R1-12 (new)
Signage and Site Access Program
Objective: Maintain adequate signage on the construction site and limit access to the Project site by unauthorized
persons.
New Recommendation: Develop an indicator to gauge the effectiveness of the site perimeter security other than
the percent of the Project enclosed by the perimeter fence.
Ficha CO R1-13 (new)
Relocation of Canals and Pipelines
Objective: Establish requirements and procedures for the relocation of stormwater channels and pipes that exist in
the pet-coke and sulfur storage areas that meet the technical and environmental standards established.
New Recommendation: Develop an indicator for the effectiveness of the relocation (e.g., number of spills during
relocation).
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. (cont.)
Ficha CO R1-14 (previously CO R1-7)
Preventative Archeological Program
Objective: Avoid any kind of damage to the archeological heritage during the civil works of the expansion of
Reficar.
2009 Recommendation: Reficar is responsible for overseeing the work through EHS Inspectors who can stop any
work that they deem unsuitable. Need to develop and include a feedback mechanism to the contractor for continued
improvement once the issue is resolved and work resumes.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha CO R1-15 (previously CO R1-8)
Activation of Contingency Plan
Objective: Establish, implement, maintain, and improve the Emergency Response Plan, for events that may occur
during the construction of Reficar.
2009 Recommendation: Need to develop the Contingency Plan that is referred to in the Ficha.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha OP R1-1 (previously OP-1)
Training for Project Workers
Objective: Raise awareness and improve the skills of the Project workers (skilled and unskilled labor, local and
foreign), to ensure the proper implementation of ESMP.
2009 Recommendation: Need to develop specific EHS training materials, both general for all workers and
additional specific training given job category. Training needs to include potential worker–community issues and
also worker core labor rights. Need to have ongoing training, not just initial training.
Status: Partially satisfied, pending information on training programs for potential worker-community issues and
worker core labor rights. As we understand, Reficar is to work with CB&I and subcontractors to assure their
upcoming workers are aware of their core labor rights
Ficha OP R1-2 (previously OP-2)
Community Communication and Participation Program
Objective: Communicate to the municipal, regional, and environmental authorities, as well as the communities and
unions in general about the modernization project. Include the scope, progress, and implications and relevant
features in the technical and environmental aspects.
2009 Recommendation: Need more specific details. Need more actions in terms of ongoing consultation,
information disclosure, and grievance mechanism consistent with IFC Performance Standards. Should include
actions not only for immediately nearby communities to the refinery but also some information disclosure to the
Cartagena area.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha OP R1-3 (previously OP-3)
Recruitment Programs and Prioritization of Local Workforce
Objective: Give priority in the recruitment process of skilled and unskilled workforce to the Cartagena city
population. In the second instance, give preference to the recruitment of the qualified personnel of the rest of the
country that complies with the technical and experience requirements established by the Project.
2009 Recommendation: Need more specific actions related to residents living in immediate area near the refinery.
Should explore training and assistance to people living in immediate vicinity to enhance their opportunity to receive
Project benefits (e.g., job training, service provision, etc.).
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. (cont.)
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha OP R1-4 (previously OP-5)
Program to Support Institutional Management Capacity
Objective: Support training for the leaders of communities near the Mamonal Industrial Area. Promote
reinforcement of their management abilities and social projects before mayors and institutions in general, for the
benefit of projects to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants of the region.
2009 Recommendation: Include an indicator to measure the institutional capacity building.
Status: Partially satisfied.
Ficha OP R1-5 (previously OP-6)
Program for Informing, Training, and Educating Surrounding Communities about the Environment and Emergency
Preparedness
Objective: Develop a program to support the community and local and regional governmental agencies on
emergencies and disasters management, both natural and industrial. The program aims to educate the nearby
communities on the importance of the environment and natural renewable and non-renewable resources. It will
include topics such as deforestation and reforestation, environmental sanitation, inherent risks in ongoing
operations, and the ability to protect themselves in case of incidents or accidents.
New Recommendation: Need to specify which disasters or emergencies might be expected for which
communities. Should develop a metric designed to measure the effectiveness of the training and practice
emergency drills.
Status: Awaiting information from Reficar on the history of the program.
Ficha OP R1-6 (previously OP-4)
Community Grievance Mechanism
Objective: Address, record, resolve, and answer all concerns, suggestions, expectations, and complaints
expressed by officials of the municipal administration or any other private or public entity and the community in
general. Obtain feedback between the Project and the environment in order to harmonize relationships, minimizing
the occurrence of conflicts affecting the normal development of the Project.
2009 Recommendation: Consider development and implementation of community participatory monitoring
program. Include procedure to deal with issues/claims that are repetitive in nature.
Consider including an objective to enhance economic development specifically in Area No. 3 in Mamonal Industrial
Area.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha OP R1-7 (new)
Social Compensation Program
Objective: Contribute to the development of communities located around the Mamonal Industrial Area by
implementing Reficar’s CSR policy and the programs outlined in the ESMP.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha OP R1-8 (previously OP-7)
Air Emissions and Environmental Noise Management
Objective: Minimize the amount of air emissions generated by the production process and keep the environmental
noise levels at permissible levels.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. (cont.)
2009 Recommendation: High-efficiency cyclone equipment should be installed at the catalyst regeneration unit
(i.e., more than 76% as stated in the EIA ESMP). Enhanced measures are needed to control fugitive emissions from
coke-handling operations (perimeter wall control is not adequate during high wind conditions). The regenerator unit
is proposed to be equipped with only a cyclone, while a best-technology analysis might indicate that a bag filter
system would be more appropriate.
The only NOx controls considered appear to be low-NOx burners; should consider more controls rather than just
burner technology. All new storage tanks should be designed to meet good international practices (e.g., double-seal
floating roofs, proper secondary contaminant, etc.).
The proposed ground flares need to have adequate exclusion zones.
Status: Satisfied with modeling and monitoring.
Ficha OP R1-9 (previously OP-8)
Management of Domestic/Industrial Effluents and Stormwater
Objective: Minimize and control the wastewater discharges to the Bay, discharges generated by the different
processes, and operational support of the Cartagena Refinery.
2009 Recommendation: Provide design criteria for stormwater retention calculations and containment capacities.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha OP R1-10 (new)
Management of Cargo Boat Bilge and Ballast Water
Objective: Control bilge and ballast water discharges to the Cartagena Bay from cargo ships at the Reficar port
terminal.
Ficha OP R1-11 (previously OP-9)
Hazardous Waste Management
Objective: Dispose of hazardous waste in an environmentally safe manner.
Ficha OP R1-12 (previously OP-10)
Non-Hazardous Waste Management
Objective: Dispose of non-hazardous waste according to Colombian laws.
2009 Recommendation: Spent catalyst delivery to cement firms must be documented—provide procedures.
Status: Unresolved.
Ficha OP R1-13 (new)
Cleaning of the Port
Objective: Establish requirements and procedures for the cleaning of loading docks and access routes during
operation of the port facilities that meet the technical and environmental standards established.
Ficha OP R1-14 (new)
Adequacy of the “Roll On Roll Off” Pier
Objective: Optimization of the docks for the roll-on roll-off pier, on which equipment for the Cartagena Refinery
modernization will be offloaded.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. (cont.)
Ficha OP R1-15 (previously OP-11)
Soil and Groundwater Protection
Objective: Prevent pollution of soil and the groundwater.
2009 Recommendation: Containment areas should be required to be constructed to a minimum permeability using
impermeable materials. Present plan for free-product remediation. Present soil and groundwater cleanup criteria.
Status: Pending.
Ficha OP R1-16 (previously OP-12)
Hazardous Substances Storage
Objective: Prevent potential environmental damage related to inappropriate storage of finished products and other
hazardous substances used in the plant.
2009 Recommendation: Need details for chemical storage warehouse design.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha OP R1-17 (previously OP-13)
Contingency Plan
Objective: Establish criteria for early detection of abnormalities of the operation of the plant.
2009 Recommendation: Need better definition of initiation of contingency plan required for leaks of gaseous
hydrocarbons and leaks of acid gas, ammonia, or hydrogen fluoride. Need to confirm adequate distances between
office buildings and process area (e.g., building study in accordance with API-752/753). Operation contingency plan
must be developed based upon detailed risk analysis results (e.g., HAZOPs, HRA, etc.).
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha DR1 (new)
Procedure for Information Disclosure by the Cartagena Refinery SA Reficar and the Construction Contractor
Objective: Supply information on dredging progress to the maritime community in the Cartagena Bay in order to
inform the users of the port and respond to inquiries. Address issues raised by the community directly or through
citizen oversight committees, journalists, or any other party.
Ficha DR2 (new)
Environmental Education Plan for Workers, Crew, and Operators of the Equipment Used in Dredging Activities
(Supplemental Environmental Management Plan Exclusively for Use During Dredging Activities)
Objective: Provide environmental and industrial safety training to crews and operators involved in the dredging
works so they can conduct their activities in a safe manner and prevent water pollution in the Cartagena Bay, the
dump area on land and adjacent banks. Comply with HSE laws and standards, the requirements of environmental,
maritime, and port authorities, and this ESMP.
Ficha DR3 (new)
Procedure for the Handling of Fuels and Lubricants by the Workers, Crew, and Operators of the Vessels Involved in
Dredging
Objective: Establish minimum requirements and procedures necessary to ensure proper handling of fuels and
lubricants by the workers, crew, and operators of dredging vessels and equipment.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. (cont.)
Ficha DR4 (new)
Procedure for Handling, Interim Storage, and Disposal of Solid Waste Generated by the Vessels Involved in Dredging
Objective: Establish requirements and procedures for handling, storage, and disposal of solid waste generated on
board the dredging vessels and auxiliary ships.
Ficha DR5 (new)
Procedure for Handling, Interim Storage, and Disposal of Liquid Waste Generated by the Vessels Involved in Dredging
Objective: Establish requirements and procedures for handling, storage, and disposal of liquid waste generated on
board the dredging vessels and auxiliary ships.
Ficha DR6 (new)
Procedure for the Control of Dredging Activities
Objective: Control and manage dredging operations in an environmentally safe manner that complies with
environmental, maritime, and port regulations.
Ficha MS R1-1 (previously MS-1)
Internal Operations Control of the Refinery and Port
Objective: Record data related to operation internal controls and prevention of environmental impact to the natural
resources.
Ficha MS R1-2 (previously MS-2)
Wastewater Quality
Objective: Monitor the quality of wastewater at the Cartagena Refinery, before and during the discharge to
Cartagena Bay.
2009 Recommendation: Need to define the frequency of construction and operation water quality monitoring.
Provide breakdown for cost estimate.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha MS R1-3 (previously MS-3)
Water and Sediment Quality of the Receptor Water Bodies
Objective: Monitor the quality of water and sediments of Cartagena Bay and Arroyo Grande Creek.
2009 Recommendation: Need to define the frequency of sampling in Arroyo Grande and in the Bay. Define
rationale for Bay sampling location E10 (i.e., why not east of entrance?). Provide details of spill-event sampling.
Status: Not satisfied.
Ficha MS R1-4 (previously MS-4)
Air Emissions Quality
Objective: Perform air emissions quality monitoring of the stationary sources of the Cartagena Refinery in the
construction and operation phases.
2009 Recommendation: Need more complete emissions monitoring of all relevant sources and parameters. Need
to establish more applicable monitoring frequency.
Status: Satisfied with modeling and monitoring.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. (cont.)
Ficha MS R1-5 (previously MS-5)
Air and Environmental Noise Quality
Objective: Conduct air quality monitoring and environmental noise monitoring in the Project’s area of influence.
2009 Recommendation: Increase noise monitoring from annually to monthly.
Status: Satisfied with the proposed air modeling and monitoring efforts that will be undertaken.
Ficha MS R1-6 (previously MS-6)
Soil and Groundwater Quality
Objective: Conduct soil and groundwater quality monitoring at Cartagena Refinery.
2009 Recommendation: Need to define frequency of monitoring. Must include contingencies for uncovering
contamination during construction period. Must include contingencies for installation of groundwater monitoring
wells if soil contamination is encountered during construction activities.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha MS R1-7 (previously MS-7)
Characterization and Distribution of Hydrobiological Communities of the Cartagena Bay
Objective: Monitor the condition and variation of the aquatic communities (benthos, zooplankton, and fish) in five
stations located in Cartagena Bay. Their dynamics can be associated with discharges and operation of the
Cartagena Refinery compared with the traditional behaviors of those communities in the estuary.
2009 Recommendation: Must include a reference station in the Bay.
Status: Not yet satisfied.
Ficha MS R1-8 (previously MS-8)
Social Impacts Management
Objective: Periodically verify compliance with the objectives, targets, and indicators associated with the
development of the designed programs to manage the social impacts to be created by the project.
2009 Recommendation: Need to modify Ficha to reflect that compliance with governmental requirements is not the
same as presence of social impacts (or indication thereof). Need a specific procedure to deal with potential social
crisis/emergencies in terms of work stoppage, local community protests, etc. For construction, need a policy related
to labor unions.
Status: Reficar is constructing a Crisis Manual that addresses these types of contingencies..
Ficha MS R1-9 (previously MS-9)
Effectiveness of the Social Management Plan
Objective: Verify the effectiveness of social management plan programs that have been committed to by the
Project with the community and local authorities, including objectives, targets, and compliance indicators determining
the level of satisfaction of the people involved.
2009 Recommendation: Clarify the differences between Ficha MS-8 and MS-9. Objectives are acceptable, but the
activities do not align. Include method to monitor effectiveness of social management actions/programs. Perform a
social risk analysis of the potentially relevant stakeholders, and as necessary, develop specific mitigation and/or
monitoring actions.
Status: Reficar is currently measuring and refining this metric.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 11. (cont.)
Ficha MS R1-10 (previously MS-10)
Community Grievance Mechanism
Objective: Management to assess the given concerns, complaints, and claims from the communities and
authorities. Also assess any conflicts related to the Project with the community.
2009 Recommendation: Need a more specific procedure to monitor for the presence of potential social conflicts.
Enhance grievance mechanism consistent with guidance provided in IFC Guidance Notes on Performance
Standards on Social and Environmental Sustainability.
Status: Satisfied.
Ficha MS R1-11 (previously MS-11)
Community Participation and Information Program
Objective: Verify compliance with the objectives, targets, and indicators of the participation program and
information provided to communities.
2009 Recommendation: Include a procedure to conduct surveys regarding satisfaction of associated programs/
strategies
Status: Perception survey for all stakeholders has been prepared and is to be conducted each year.
Ficha MS DR-1 (new)
Monitoring of Dredging Activities for the Roll On-Roll Off Pier
Objective: Establish, implement and maintain the Environmental Monitoring Plan to monitor impacts from dredging
activities.
Status: Satisfied.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 12. Action Plan based on the Phase I and Phase 2 Environmental, Health and Safety Assessments—Cartagena
Refinery Facility, Environmental Health and Safety Action Plan Existing Refinery–Due Diligence
Item Action to be Implemented Description Schedule Priority Status
1 Environmental
Management System
2 Project Execution
(construction of new
plants) with its respective
Environmental
Management Plan
implementation as per the
EIA approved by the
Colombian Ministry of
Environment.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Implement EHS Management System for
best environmental practices and
evaluations of performance, track EHS
action items and compliance status, and
conduct auditing and implement corrective
action (when necessary) that is inclusive of
relevant impacts, EHS-related processes,
construction, operations and maintenance,
and waste, effluents and materials
management. Since Reficar has two main
and very different operations, Reficar has
to implement to different EHS management
systems: (i) for the existing refinery and
industrial operation, and (ii) for the Project
execution and the construction phase.
Implement the refinery Master Plan to
design and modify / construct expanded
refinery operations (including wastewater,
process water, waste and stormwater
handling systems, port facilities, stacks,
etc.); model and implement air emissions
controls as necessary; effect upgrades /
repairs as required by regulatory
resolutions; assess sustainability and social
impacts of expanded refinery operations on
environment and community in compliance
with IFC and Equator principle guidelines;
conduct periodic reviews of status of
mitigation measures and performance
monitoring. Implement phenol mitigation
plan until the new WWTP begins operation.
CB&I has to implement and maintain an
EHS Management System for the project
execution (construction). Reficar has to
validate and review the implementation
of the Construction EHS Management
System. This begins with the EPC
Contract to the refinery start up.
Ecopetrol S.A. responsible for Operation
and Maintenance, and administration of
the existing refinery until the expansion
project enters in operation (2013) -
inclusive of the environmental monitoring
and mitigation plans for the existing
operation. Ecopetrol has in place a
certified EHS Management System for
the operation of the existing refinery,
Reficar to support Ecopetrol Operations
for compliance with Colombian
regulations in the operation of the
existing refinery.
Expansion designs are under design,
construction by 2013. Existing facility
WWTP and ancillary waste streams
operation to 2013.
Sustainability and social impacts
addressed in EIA completed in 2008 and
2010, and approved by the Colombian
Ministry of Environment.
Monitoring requirements implemented
accordingly, once the environmental
license modification is approved and
during the whole life cycle of the project.
High Implemented
High Implemented

Table 12. (cont.)
Item Action to be Implemented Description Schedule Priority Status
3 Phenol Mitigation Plan Implement Phenol Mitigation Plan - Sample
and define individual source loads into the
water treatment facility so sources of
inflows are fully understood. Inspect and
test existing facilities to identify leaks and
reduce unplanned process loadings into
waste water.
Design new wastewater treatment system
to address elevated discharges and needs
for the expansion to bring it into compliance
4 Groundwater and Soil
impacts control, mitigation
and remediation Plan
5 Health and Safety
Programs
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Assess groundwater, soil, and surface
water impacts. Complete soil, ground
water and free product assessments at the
facility and fully delineate the product
plume. Based on overall site and
prioritized work plan, begin control,
mitigation and remediation activities.
Develop and implement a Risk Based
Strategy to control, mitigate and remediate
the free product plume found in the existing
refinery.
Organize and Implement Structured Health
and Safety Programs inclusive of employee
safety and contractor safety, worker risk
assessment, and medical surveillance;
install and maintain reliable emergency and
fire safety systems; provide training and
track training status of employees and
contractors and modify reporting to
strengthen root cause analysis and
corrective action tracking.
Initiated December 2008 by Ecopetrol
S.A. - 2010 effluent results meet the
Colombian Phenol Standard.
Operation of upgraded WWTP by 2013
(as per project schedule).
Complete assessments during 2010;
continue monitoring and complete
remedial actions and systems between
2011 and 2013. Ecopetrol is responsible
for cleanup and remediation activities
and Reficar will be overseeing these
actives to assure compliance.
Certified for existing facilities during
2010. Develop and implement expanded
systems for the Expanded Refinery
during 2013
Moderate Implemented
High Implemented
Moderate To be implemented
prior to startup of
new units

Table 13. Project-related total energy consumption versus IFC Guidelines
Unit Service Equipment #
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Absorbed
Duty
(MMBtu/h)
Fuel
Efficiency
(%)
Released
Duty
(MMBtu/h)
002–FCC Waste heat boiler 002-FC-D-2550 0.0 0% 0.0
044–ALK Isostripper reboiler 105-ALK-F-001 86.7 89.4% 96.98
100–CDU/
VDU
Charge heater 100-CDU-F-001 206.1 92% 223.97
Charge heater 100-CDU-F-002 157.0 90.8% 172.87
107–CNT CDHDS reboiler heater 107-CNT-F-201 29.4 81.7% 36.00
108–DHT 1
109–DHT 2
110–HCU
111–DCU
Charge heater 108-DHA-F-001 21.0
Stripper reboiler 108-DHA-F-002 38.0
Charge heater 109-DHB-F-001 21.0
Stripper reboiler 109-DHB-F-002 38.0
Stage 1 charge heater 110-HCU-F-001 49.6
Stage 2 charge heater 110-HCU-F-002 36.3
Frac charge heater 110-HCU-F-101 167.0
Coker charge heater 111-DCU-F-201 117.0
Coker charge heater 111-DCU-F-202 117.0
81.3% 72.51
81.3% 72.51
90.7% 278.80
90.7% 258.08
115–HPU1 Reformer 115-HPU-F-001 308.0 90% 342.26
116–HPU2 Reformer 116-HPU-F-002 308.0 90% 342.26
123–SRU 1
Block
TailGas Incinerator #1 123-TGA-F-301 12.1 90% 13.41
124–SRU 2 TailGas Incinerator #2 124-TGB-F-301 12.1 90% 13.41
130–PSG
Existing
Boilers
GTG1+HRSG1 (Normal) 130-PSG-X-001 164.9 42.2% 391.1
GTG2+HRSG2 (Normal) 130-PSG-X-002 164.9 42.2% 391.1
GTG3+HRSG3 (Normal) 130-PSG-X-003 164.9 42.2% 391.1
Existing Boiler 1 - 48.0 90% 53.3
Existing Boiler 2 - 48.0 90% 53.3
Total 2,314.8 3,203.0
Crude Daily Throughput = 165,000 bbl/d
Crude API = 18 °
Crude Sp Gravity = 0.95
Hourly Crude Throughput = 1,034.4 MT/hr
Total Hourly Absorbed Energy = 2,314.8 MMBtu/hr
Total Hourly Released Energy = 3,203.0 MMBtu/hr
Reficar: Total Energy (ABSORBED) Consumption = 2,361 MJ/MT Crude processed
Reficar: Total Energy (RELEASED) Consumption = 3,267 MJ/MT Crude processed
IFC Standard: Total Energy Consumption = 2,100−2,900 MJ/MT Crude processed

Table 14. Project-related total power consumption versus IFC Guidelines
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Normal Absorbed Power = 125.7 MW
Distribution Losses = 1.9 MW
Intermittent Loads = 4.3 MW
External Power to Coke and Sulfur Handling = 5.6 MW
Total Power Usage = 137.5 MW
Crude Daily Throughput = 165,000 bbl/day
Crude API = 18 °
Crude Sp Gravity = 0.946
Daily Mass Crude Throughput = 24,826 MT/day
Daily Process ABSORBED Power Consumption = 3,016,800 kWh/day
Daily Process TOTAL Power Consumption = 3,165,600 kWh/day
Daily Refinery TOTAL Power Consumption = 3,300,000 kWh/day
Reficar: Process (ABSORBED) Power Consumption = 122 kWh/MT Crude processed
Reficar: Process (TOTAL) Power Consumption = 128 kWh/MT Crude processed
Reficar: Refinery Wide (TOTAL) Power Consumption = 133 kWh/MT Crude processed
IFC Standard: Power Consumption = 25−48 kWh/MT Crude processed
Note: Power consumption in petroleum refining is dependent on the refining process employed, a more
complex and integrated refinery has higher power needs as compared to a simple refinery. The
ABSORBED and TOTAL power consumption for REFICAR refinery is higher than IFC Standards
because the refinery is highly integrated and complex to produce various kinds of finished products.

Table 15. Comments and recommendations related to environmental liabilities at
existing refinery
Phase 1 ESA
� Stormwater Retention Ponds Are Undersized: They are sized for a 20-minute rainfall event or 1-in. event.
A good international standard would be a 25-year, 24-hour event. Numerous pond liners are in need of
repair/upgrade.
� Status: Satisfied, new wastewater treatment system accommodates this issue.
� Oil Water/Sewer System: There is relatively little information on the actual conditions and leakage from this
system. This may be a transport mechanism for near-surface contamination to be spread around the site.
� Status: Satisfied, new wastewater treatment system accommodates this issue.
� API Separator System: DAF unit may not be operating completely. Skimmer issues exist.
� Status: Satisfied, new wastewater treatment system accommodates this issue.
� Skim Ponds: Need to confirm that the new aeration system is working (it was not operating during ESDD
site visit). Need to confirm operational conditions and confirm BOD, TPH, phenols, and oil and grease
concentrations in the inlet and outlet samples.
� Status: Satisfied, new wastewater treatment system accommodates this issue. Water sampling was
completed in 2008−2010.
� Discharge Channel: Need to confirm that the oil separation barriers are upgraded.
� Status: Satisfied, new wastewater treatment system accommodates this issue. Water sampling was
completed in 2008−2010 and barriers were installed.
� Tankfarm Issues: In the 3000 Tank Farm Area, tanks were purged to the earthen basins (no lining; i.e.,
Tank 3081 area), which likely caused groundwater issues. Many tank berms are in need of repair. Need to
remove vegetation and trees from dikes and floor areas. There are miscellaneous piping and valve leaks.
� Status: Planned as part of the existing refinery operations and maintenance improvements.
� Waste Management: Sludge ponds, landfarm, and former hazardous storage area. Need to evaluate soil
and groundwater contamination in this area. Sludge ponds may have been buried or removed. Sludgepond
area needs subsurface evaluation to confirm groundwater conditions, impermeable soil, and cement
pond liners.
� Status: Pending.
� Groundwater: Free product likely exists around Tanks 3040, 3050, 3060, and 3500 series. Free product
likely exists around the polymerization and cracking units. Area around P-11 has free product from
potential multiple sources.
� Status: Partially satisfied. Ecopetrol is currently working on this task.
Phase 2 ESA
� Focused only on environmental liabilities greater than $1 million US.
� Status: In progress.
� Groundwater: There could be fewer wells because the fire ponds are immediately upgradient, and it could
be assumed that this is the area of maximum groundwater gradient from east to west. Therefore, the focus
could be on the western or downgradient side of the tank areas. This could possibly be accomplished
using 5–10 wells with soil sampling.
� Status: Pending.
� Soil and Buried Wastes: The area where the existing hazardous waste facility is currently located is also
the former waste area. Should sample in the vicinity adjacent to the facility to confirm that no hazardous
materials remain in the soil or groundwater.
� Status: Planned.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Table 15. (cont.)
� Wastewater Treatment: Should get the wastewater treatment system in proper running condition. The
oil/water separator, skim ponds, DAF system, and aerator all contribute to the problem of phenol in the
discharge channel. In addition, there was discussion during Phase 1 (see issues and concerns section)
regarding the skimmers in the discharge channel. They need to be upgraded. The Cartagena convention
is very protective of the marine environment. Little or no sediment sampling was performed near the outfall
to the Bay.
� Status: Satisfied, new wastewater treatment system accommodates this issue. A plan was developed
by Reficar on December 28, 2007, and submitted to CARDIQUE. Subsequent water sampling was
completed in 2008−2010.
� Other Environmental Aspects: Phase 2 ESA noted additional items that would require upgrading, including
secondary containment for tanks, integrity of the industrial sewage system, and line integrity. The following
are two potential additions: a) Stormwater storage should be upgraded from its existing size, which is for a
20-minute rainfall event or 1-in. event, to a 25-year, 24-hour event. This upgrade should also confirm that
surface water runoff from the northern tank areas is included. Pond liners should be upgraded and
maintained. b) The discharge channel likely has sediment contamination that should be removed during
the upgrades to the wastewater treatment system. Prior to that occurring, these sediments and those near
the mouth of the discharge should be sampled.
� Status: Satisfied, new wastewater treatment system accommodates this issue. Water sampling was
completed in 2008−2010.
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Table 16. Total greenhouse gas estimates
Process Unit
CO2
Emissions
(MT CO2/yr)
CH4
Emissions
(MT CH4/yr)
N2O
Emissions
(MT N2O/yr)
CO2 Global
Warming
Potential
CH4 Global
Warming
Potential
N2O Global
Warming
Potential
Total CO2
Equivalent
Emissions
(MT CO2 e/yr)
002 - FCC 367,346 10.8 2.2 1 21 310 368,239
044 - ALK 47,294 2.4 0.5 1 21 310 47,493
100 - CDU/VDU 246,220 12.4 2.5 1 21 310 247,253
102 - NHT Deferred -- -- 1 21 310 Deferred
103 - CCR Deferred -- -- 1 21 310 Deferred
107 - FCC NHT 28,698 1.5 0.3 1 21 310 28,818
108 - DHT1 38,316 1.9 0.4 1 21 310 38,477
109 - DHT2 38,316 1.9 0.4 1 21 310 38,477
110 - HCU 136,679 6.9 1.4 1 21 310 137,253
111 - DCU 135,275 14.0 1.4 1 21 310 135,993
115 - HPU1 496,101 5.2 1.0 1 21 310 496,529
116 - HPU2 496,101 5.2 1.0 1 21 310 496,529
123 -SRU/TGTU 13,266 0.4 0.1 1 21 310 13,295
124 -SRU/TGTU 13,266 0.4 0.1 1 21 310 13,295
130 - PSG 529,719 10.5 1.2 1 21 310 530,326
141 - Flare - -- -- 1 21 310 --
146 - Storage tanks - 6.0 -- 1 21 310 126
Equipment leak - 16.5 -- 1 21 310 347
Total 2,586,597 95.9 12.4 2,592,448
CO2 e emissions from Fuel Combustion = 1,531,644 MT CO2 e/yr
CO2 e emissions from Hydrogen Plant Feed = 679,494 MT CO2 e/yr
CO2 e emissions from FCC and CCR Catalyst Regen = 368,239 MT CO2 e/yr
CO2 e emissions from Sour Gas Treatment = 12,598 MT CO2 e/yr
CO2 e emissions from Flared Gas Combustion = -- MT CO2 e/yr
CO2 e emissions from Storage Tanks and Process Leaks = 473 MT CO2 e/yr

Table 17. Conformance overview: EHS General Guidelines
Theme Issue Situation Observed, including Gaps
Environmental Air Emissions and
Ambient Air Quality
Occupational
Health andSafety
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Energy Conservation Power consumption in petroleum
refining is dependent on the refining
process employed, a more complex
and integrated refinery has higher
power needs as compared to a simple
refinery. The ABSORBED and TOTAL
power consumption for REFICAR
refinery is higher than IFC Standards
because the refinery is highly
integrated and complex to produce
various kinds of finished products.
Wastewater and
Ambient Water
Quality
Siemens construction guarantee and
the Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Water Conservation Provided in the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Hazardous Materials
Management
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Waste Management Not a major concern. Revised ESMP
contains a Waste Management Plan.
Noise Management Some noise during construction and
equipment during operation.
Recommended
Follow-Up
Monitoring and
modeling
Continue to monitor
and report
Contaminated Land Presented in the EIA. Continue monitoring
groundwater
General Facility
Design and
Operation
Communications and
Training
Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Physical Hazards Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Chemical Hazards Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Biological Hazards N/A
Radiological Hazards N/A
Personal Protective
Equipment
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).

Table 17. (cont.)
Theme Issue Situation Observed, including Gaps
Community Health
and Safety
Construction and
Decommissioning
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Special Hazard
Environments
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Monitoring Provided in the Program and Project
Monitoring (July 2009).
Water Quality and
Availability
Structural Safety of
Project Infrastructure
N/A
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Life and Fire Safety Incorporated into the Contingency
Plan.
Traffic Safety Traffic safety is the responsibility of
both Reficar and CB&I, and there is an
integrated Traffic Management Plan.
Transport of
Hazardous Materials
Hazardous materials will be
transported by truck in 20’ and 40’ ft.
containers, in accordance with IFC
guidelines.
Disease Prevention No construction camp or induced
migration is expected.
Emergency
Preparedness and
Response
Environment,
Occupational and
Community H&S
Incorporated in the Emergency
Response Plan.
Incorporated into the Contingency
Plan.
Recommended
Follow-Up

Table 18. Conformance overview: EHS Guidelines for Petroleum Refining
Theme Issue Situation Observed, including Gaps
Environmental Air Emissions
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Exhaust Gases
Air Emissions
Venting & Flaring
Air Emissions
Fugitive Emissions
Air Emissions
Sulfur Oxides
Air Emissions
Particulate Matter
PM10 measurements taken in some
areas were in excess of the IFC
standard, indicating pre-existing,
elevated background levels. Air
emissions from mobile point sources
during construction are not likely to be
significant.
Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Greenhouse Gases Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Recommended
Follow-Up
Determine the cause of
the elevated background
levels of PM10 and
continue monitoring in
these areas.
There is the potential for
fugitive emissions and
greenhouse gas
emissions, but these
were not modeled or
analyzed. Monitoring,
measurement, and
modeling during
operation is planned.
There is the potential for
fugitive emissions and
greenhouse gas
emissions, but these
were not modeled or
analyzed. Monitoring,
measurement, and
modeling during
operation is planned.
There is the potential for
fugitive emissions and
greenhouse gas
emissions, but these
were not modeled or
analyzed. Monitoring,
measurement, and
modeling during
operation is planned.
There is the potential for
fugitive emissions and
greenhouse gas
emissions, but these
were not modeled or
analyzed. Monitoring,
measurement, and
modeling during
operation is planned.
There is the potential for
fugitive emissions and
greenhouse gas
emissions, but these
were not modeled or
analyzed. Monitoring,
measurement, and
modeling during
operation is planned.

Table 18. (cont.)
Theme Issue Situation Observed, including Gaps
Occupational
Health &Safety
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Wastewater
Industrial Process
Wastewater
Wastewater
Process Wastewater
Treatment
Wastewater
Other Wastewater
Streams & Water
Consumption
Siemens construction guarantee and
the Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Reficar and CB&I construction
documentation and provided in the
Emergency Response Plan and the
Environmental Management Plan
(April 2010).
Hazardous Materials Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Wastes
Hazardous Wastes:
Spent Catalysts
Wastes
Other Hazardous
Wastes
Wastes
Non-Hazardous
Wastes
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010).
Noise Some noise during construction and
from equipment during operation.
Modelling showed acceptable impact
to offsite receptors.
Process Safety Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010)
Oxygen-Deficient
Atmosphere
Chemical Hazards
Hydrofluoric Acid
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010)
Hazardous materials will be
transported by truck in 20 ft and 40 ft
containers, in accordance with IFC
guidelines.
Fire & Explosions Provided in the Environmental
Management Plan (April 2010) and
Emergency Response and
Contingency Plans.
Recommended
Follow-Up
Monitor and measure
during operation.
Monitor and measure as
required in plans.
Additional monitoring
near receptors advisable
once the expanded
refinery is operating.
Conduct drilling as
required in plans.
Conduct drilling as
required in plans.

Table 18. (cont.)
Theme Issue Situation Observed, including Gaps
Community Health
andSafety
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Hazards
Major Accidents
related to Fires &
Explosions
Hazards
Accidental releases of
raw materials or
finished products
during transportation
outside of the
processing facility.
Provided in the Emergency Response
Plan and Contingency Plan.
Provided in the Emergency Response
and Contingency Plans.
Recommended
Follow-Up
Conduct drilling as
required in plans.
Conduct drilling as
required in plans.

Figures

Figure 1. Cartagena Refinery location
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Figure 2. Cartagena Refinery
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Figure 3. Current configuration of the Cartagena Refinery
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Figure 4. Future configuration of the Cartagena Refinery
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Figure 5. Proposed wastewater treatment plant configuration
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21
Figure 6. Health, Safety, Security, and Environmental Management System model

1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Figure 7. Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Contract–Health, Safety and Environment Organization during construction
1101335.000 04F1 0611 MJ21

Appendix A
Photograph Log

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 1. Project Site: worker safety and security signs at entrance
to project site
Photograph 2. Project Site: emergency evacuation route sign at entrance
to project site
A-1

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 3. Project Site: cleared site with all vegetation removed and
ready for construction
Photograph 4. Project Site: another cleared site with all vegetation
removed and ready for construction
A-2

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 5. Project Site: the entrance to Ro-Ro Dock area
Photograph 6. Project Site: the Ro-Ro Dock
A-3

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 7. Mangroves to the north of the Ro-Ro Dock
Photograph 8. Mangroves between the Ro-Ro Dock and planned site of
the new coke jetty
A-4

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 9. Project Site: planned site for the new coke jetty
Photograph 10. Project Site: workers’ safety sign inside the CB&I offices
A-5

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 11. Project Site: no smoking sign inside the CB&I offices
Photograph 12. Project Site: CB&I offices at back of project site
A-6

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 13. Project Site: project construction along back road
Photograph 14. Project Site: workers’ tented rest area with drinking water
A-7

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 15. Project Site: guarded entrance to the project site along
back road
Photograph 16. Project Site: project construction along back road
A-8

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 17. Project Site: project construction along back road
Photograph 18. Project Site: workers’ meeting area, covered for sun
protection
A-9

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 19. Project Site: re-directed section of the Arroyo Grande
Creek
Photograph 20. Project Site: construction of CB&I storage facilities
A-10

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 21. Entrance to INEM Training Center
Photograph 22. Safety and security signs outside the
entrance to the INEM Training Center
A-11

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 23. INEM: students engaged in a craft training
Photograph 24. INEM: students engaged in another craft training
A-12

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 25. INEM: work yard with tented rest area
Photograph 26. INEM: safety and security signs within the training grounds
A-13

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 27. Entrance to the SENA Training Center
Photograph 28. SENA: student engaged in craft training
A-14

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 29. SENA: welding training area
Photograph 30. SENA: students being trained to weld
A-15

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 31. SENA: a student welder
A-16

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 32. SENA: a student welder who is wearing all
required safety equipment
A-17

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 33. Arroz Barrato: main road to the community
Photograph 34. Arroz Barrato: houses on main road
A-18

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 35. Arroz Barrato: small business on main road
Photograph 36. Arroz Barrato: hospital expansion project supported by
Reficar through contributions to the Fundacion Mamonal
A-19

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 37. Arroz Barrato: banner announcing public consultation
meeting on school grounds
Photograph 38. Arroz Barrato: public consultation meeting on March 5, 2011
A-20

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 39. Pasacaballos: main road in the community
Photograph 40. Pasacaballos: small business on the main road
A-21

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 41. Pasacaballos: side road in the community
Photograph 42. Pasacaballos: small Telecom business across the
road from the school
A-22

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 43. Pasacaballos: school where public consultation
meeting was held
Photograph 44. Pasacaballos: public consultation meeting on May 5, 2011
A-23

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 45. Membrillal: the main road into the community
Photograph 46. Membrillal: houses along north side of main road
A-24

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 47. Membrillal: roadside stand along main road
Photograph 48. Membrillal: house along south side of main road
A-25

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 49. Membrillal: school where public consultation meeting
was held
Photograph 50. Membrillal: public consultation meeting on March 5, 2011
A-26

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 51. ACTUAR: headquarters of the foundation
Photograph 52. ACTUAR: inspirational poster at the day care center:
Reading is sound, it is to believe that anything is possible,
your dreams will come true.
A-27

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 53. ACTUAR: day care class in session
Photograph 54. ACTUAR: day care students
A-28

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 55. ACTUAR: preschool class in session
Photograph 56. ACTUAR: preschool students
A-29

Photograph Log
Site Visit February 24−March 4, 2011
Reficar Cartagena Refinery
Photograph 57. ACTUAR: computer training course for high school students
A-30