Teleuse@BOP3: A Qualitative Study - LIRNEasia

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24 Research Locations Location Selection Rationale The research had to be carried out in the same countries as in the quantitative part to be able to substantiate the initial findings effectively. The research was carried out in 5 countries with the help of CKS’ research partnerships. The countries in the scope of the study are as follows: • Bangladesh • India • Philippines • Pakistan • Sri Lanka • Thailand The specific research locations within the countries were chosen with the idea of covering both the rural and urban dwellers that constitute the BOP. The research was thus carried out in one urban location as well as a rural area to cover the diversity. In India, however, the research was carried out in two urban, two peri-urban and two rural locations owing to its large size in relation to the other countries under the scope of the study. The specific locations of the research were chosen by CKS to cover areas that showed abundant migration behavior as well as agri-based occupations. Contextual insights on all the research locations Bangladesh Within Bangladesh, the fieldwork was carried out at Dhaka as the urban location and Sonargaon as the rural location. Dhaka city stood at approximately 6.7 million people but the population is growing by an estimated 4.2% per annum, reflecting ongoing migration from rural areas to the Dhaka urban region. The city has historically attracted large
numbers of migrant workers. Hawkers, peddlers, small shops, rickshaws transport, roadside vendors and stalls employ a large segment of the population. Rickshaw-drivers alone number as many as 400,000. Half the lower income workforce is employed in household and unorganized sector, while about 800,000 work in the textile industry. Even so, unemployment remains high at 23%. The annual per capita income of Dhaka is estimated at $3600. However, a large segment of the population coming from the villages in search of employment, live below the poverty line, with many surviving on less than $10 a day. The population of Sonargaon is primarily involved in agriculture. Males who constitute are 52.11% of the population in this region; seek alternative employment opportunities in Narayanganj which is a prominent port area. Increasing cases of metal contamination complicate the life of the rural poor posing challenges in earning opportunities as well as health. India The research was conducted in two different zones in India and in 6 different locations. Each zone comprised of an urban, a peri-urban and a rural location. The study was conducted in the west zone and the south zone. The major hub for coordinating the west zone was Mumbai and Bangalore for the south zone. In the west zone, the study was carried out at Mumbai, Nasik and Paithan as urban, peri-urban and rural locations respectively. Mumbai is the financial capital of India and its per-capita income is Rs. 48,954 (US$ 1,030) which is almost three times the national average which is extremely attractive to low income groups. Mumbai is in the midst of migrant worker disputes with allegations of UP and Bihar residents replacing locals in all employments and thus, it qualified as a valuable location for our research. Nasik represents the developing potential of tier 2 cities in India. It is the Marathi heartland receiving labor from low development areas of Dhule and Jalgaon. The city has a growing manufacturing, automotive and food processing industry coupled with an emerging IT sector all of which are employing more number of lower SEC laborers from surrounding districts in more manual jobs. Patihan is a typical example of slow growing rural villages where traditional agriculture and artisanal activities are failing to keep up. Growing economic needs are resulting in increasing poverty and loss in the crafts industry is compelling a need to migrate to larger urban centers. Residents of the village are migrating for both educational and employment opportunities. 25
Page 1 and 2: Teleuse@BOP3: A Qualitative Study C
Page 4: 4 Contents Introduction 07 Review o
Page 8 and 9: 8 pyramid neglects the true base of
Page 10 and 11: 10 Sub Classification of the Resear
Page 12 and 13: 12 Location • According to the qu
Page 14 and 15: 14 Migration and Mobile Usage Needs
Page 16 and 17: 16 Methodology Sample of the Study
Page 18 and 19: 18 INDIA: West Zone Location Protoc
Page 20 and 21: 20 PAKISTAN Location Protocol Age G
Page 22 and 23: 22 SRI LANKA Location Protocol Age
Page 26 and 27: 26 In the south zone, the study was
Page 28 and 29: 28 Thailand In Thailand Chiang Mai
Page 30 and 31: 30 Review of Field Research Process
Page 32 and 33: 32 Demographic Trends Gender Gender
Page 34 and 35: 34 Female respondents from both the
Page 36 and 37: 36 being once in a week to once in
Page 38 and 39: 38 for similar reasons like coordin
Page 40 and 41: 40 failure to understand why their
Page 42 and 43: 42 them in using the phone. In Thai
Page 44 and 45: 44 Maneesh in Srirangapattana. They
Page 46 and 47: 46 the male rural group discussion
Page 48 and 49: 48 acceptable teleuse practice. In
Page 50 and 51: 50 In Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indi
Page 52 and 53: 52 As a result, in terms of the age
Page 54 and 55: 54 super abundance of shops in all
Page 56 and 57: 56 Visayas and Mindanao, major infr
Page 58 and 59: 58 three to four years. In Kundur,
Page 60 and 61: 60 outstrips the supply. They also
Page 62 and 63: 62 Institutional Resources Institut
Page 64 and 65: 64 In Pakistan and Bangladesh, the
Page 66 and 67: 66 hand counted land phones with mo
Page 68 and 69: 68 In Philippines, even though ther
Page 70 and 71: 70 Male respondents above 25 years
Page 72 and 73: 72 friend forgot and she missed out
Page 74 and 75:
74 before above and beyond his regu
Page 76 and 77:
76 countries said that although you
Page 78 and 79:
78 Lanka again in Dipali. While the
Page 80 and 81:
80 In Sri Lanka, Dhanambra also fee
Page 82 and 83:
82 ‘textmates’. Textmates are d
Page 84 and 85:
84 Business and Entrepreneurial Mob
Page 86 and 87:
86 manufacturer where her job is to
Page 88 and 89:
88 respondents distrust mobile tech
Page 90 and 91:
90 reload and even network challeng
Page 92 and 93:
92 explaining why perceived benefit
Page 94 and 95:
94 Migration and Mobile Usage Needs
Page 96 and 97:
96 Financial Coordination Financial
Page 98 and 99:
98 are more likely to have someone
Page 100 and 101:
100 frequently lost money, the bus
Page 102 and 103:
102 services from their friends and
Page 104 and 105:
104 SMS is the primary ‘more than
Page 106 and 107:
106 Since most of the respondents i
Page 108 and 109:
108 The direction for Mobile 2.0 se
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110 discussions in Philippines ment
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112 more ready access to cable TV t
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114 most of the text message in Phi
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116 Sri Lanka is also the only coun
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118 advices, to servicing and credi
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120 Jain, Abhay, and B. S. Hundal.
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122 http://esa.un.org/wup/source/co
Page 124:
Teleuse at the base of the pyramid
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Teleuse@BOP3: A Qualitative Study - LIRNEasia

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