Teleuse@BOP3: A Qualitative Study - LIRNEasia

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26 In the south zone, the study was conducted at Bangalore, Srirangapattana and Kundur as urban, peri-urban and rural locations, respectively. Bangalore is emerging as a destination for skills based employment in the lower SECs in its manufacturing, textile and infrastructure segments. It is faced with new challenges of rapid urbanization and poor infrastructure. Influx of both sophisticated and manual laborers is leaving the local Kannadiga community in quest for new ways of adjusting to this rapidly globalizing city. Srirangapattana is an emerging Tier 2 city in terms of employment but is starting to face problems of maintaining its civic and historic infrastructure. Its crafts industry and new positioning as a potential location for BPOs, opens up new areas of employment for both the low income and the more educated members of the city and its neighboring regions. It falls in the centre of large mining areas noted for economic exploitation. Kundur is identified as a low development area in this particular district. Poor quality of hard infrastructure makes rural living more difficult. It is an insightful area to understand the complex range of challenges faced by the BOP in truly remote areas. Pakistan In Pakistan the research was carried out in an urban and a rural location. Karachi and a village called Jatoi in Nawabshah district qualified as the research locations. Karachi represents best the income discrepancy between Pakistan’s highest and lowest income population. The city's population is currently growing at about 5% per year mainly on account of rural-urban internal migration. An estimated 45,000 migrant workers come to the city every month from different parts of Pakistan. Agriculture is the mainstay of the Jatoi population but low crop yield is emerging as a substantial challenge to sustain rural livelihood. The area is reputed to be orthodox, making it interesting to see how gender differences play out in relation to communication technology adoption in this region. In order to overcome poverty and food security issues, various non-governmental activities are in development in order to enable the village to achieve improved conditions.
Philippines The research in Philippines was carried out in the metro Manila city and Pampanga, San Fernando near Manila. Manila is the second most populous city in the Philippines, employing large local populations at fairly low salaries in labor intensive sectors like chemicals, textiles, clothing, electronic goods, food and beverages and tobacco products. The city experiences substantial labor migration, receiving the largest amount of remittances of overseas Filipino workers reaching $14.4 billion in 2007, which constituted 10% of Philippines’s GDP. Manila being largely a service industry hub faces the challenge of creating new employments at the BOP and this in turn results in substantial instances of urban poverty. Pampanga is one of the prime agricultural processing centers of Central Luzon. It is one of the more prosperous rural regions in Philippines making it an interesting research location to understand more sophisticated mobile 2.0 usage possibilities amongst the Filipino BOP. The region has an interesting mix of sources of livelihood from agriculture to newer manufacturing, construction utility (electric, gas and water), transportation and communication, making it possible to look into profession based Mobile 2.0 services that can assist these individuals in their livelihood. Sri Lanka In Sri Lanka, the research was carried out in the Kandy urban area and Katudeniya village in the Matale district. Kandy’s distance from Colombo reduces the impact of the economic concentration and strength of Colombo and makes it more representative of remaining Sri Lanka. It has a more prominent agricultural base which is not increasing economically. It is the hub of migration from poorer districts in the east and unlike in Colombo where 6% of the household remains in poverty, in Kandy, 25% of the household remains below this line, according to the Sri Lankan Department of Census and Statistics. Katudeniya’s agro-forestry based ecology makes new employment opportunities difficult. It is a zone prominent for the rising number of its female migrants largely due to the plantation economy of this region. The region is undergoing infrastructural development which is expected to enable its residents to be in greater connectivity with the urban centre of Matale and benefit from it. 27
Page 1 and 2: Teleuse@BOP3: A Qualitative Study C
Page 4: 4 Contents Introduction 07 Review o
Page 8 and 9: 8 pyramid neglects the true base of
Page 10 and 11: 10 Sub Classification of the Resear
Page 12 and 13: 12 Location • According to the qu
Page 14 and 15: 14 Migration and Mobile Usage Needs
Page 16 and 17: 16 Methodology Sample of the Study
Page 18 and 19: 18 INDIA: West Zone Location Protoc
Page 20 and 21: 20 PAKISTAN Location Protocol Age G
Page 22 and 23: 22 SRI LANKA Location Protocol Age
Page 24 and 25: 24 Research Locations Location Sele
Page 28 and 29: 28 Thailand In Thailand Chiang Mai
Page 30 and 31: 30 Review of Field Research Process
Page 32 and 33: 32 Demographic Trends Gender Gender
Page 34 and 35: 34 Female respondents from both the
Page 36 and 37: 36 being once in a week to once in
Page 38 and 39: 38 for similar reasons like coordin
Page 40 and 41: 40 failure to understand why their
Page 42 and 43: 42 them in using the phone. In Thai
Page 44 and 45: 44 Maneesh in Srirangapattana. They
Page 46 and 47: 46 the male rural group discussion
Page 48 and 49: 48 acceptable teleuse practice. In
Page 50 and 51: 50 In Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indi
Page 52 and 53: 52 As a result, in terms of the age
Page 54 and 55: 54 super abundance of shops in all
Page 56 and 57: 56 Visayas and Mindanao, major infr
Page 58 and 59: 58 three to four years. In Kundur,
Page 60 and 61: 60 outstrips the supply. They also
Page 62 and 63: 62 Institutional Resources Institut
Page 64 and 65: 64 In Pakistan and Bangladesh, the
Page 66 and 67: 66 hand counted land phones with mo
Page 68 and 69: 68 In Philippines, even though ther
Page 70 and 71: 70 Male respondents above 25 years
Page 72 and 73: 72 friend forgot and she missed out
Page 74 and 75: 74 before above and beyond his regu
Page 76 and 77:
76 countries said that although you
Page 78 and 79:
78 Lanka again in Dipali. While the
Page 80 and 81:
80 In Sri Lanka, Dhanambra also fee
Page 82 and 83:
82 ‘textmates’. Textmates are d
Page 84 and 85:
84 Business and Entrepreneurial Mob
Page 86 and 87:
86 manufacturer where her job is to
Page 88 and 89:
88 respondents distrust mobile tech
Page 90 and 91:
90 reload and even network challeng
Page 92 and 93:
92 explaining why perceived benefit
Page 94 and 95:
94 Migration and Mobile Usage Needs
Page 96 and 97:
96 Financial Coordination Financial
Page 98 and 99:
98 are more likely to have someone
Page 100 and 101:
100 frequently lost money, the bus
Page 102 and 103:
102 services from their friends and
Page 104 and 105:
104 SMS is the primary ‘more than
Page 106 and 107:
106 Since most of the respondents i
Page 108 and 109:
108 The direction for Mobile 2.0 se
Page 110 and 111:
110 discussions in Philippines ment
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112 more ready access to cable TV t
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114 most of the text message in Phi
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116 Sri Lanka is also the only coun
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118 advices, to servicing and credi
Page 120 and 121:
120 Jain, Abhay, and B. S. Hundal.
Page 122 and 123:
122 http://esa.un.org/wup/source/co
Page 124:
Teleuse at the base of the pyramid
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