2008 I 2009 Sustainability Report - Econsense

Glossary
Biomass
Biomass is the term used to describe all
plant and animal matter as well as the products,
residual substances and waste resulting
from their use. This includes wood, cereals
and vegetable oils as well as organic
waste and residual matter from forestry
(bark), agricultural (manure), industrial
(grape pulp) and commercial (organic
waste) operations.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
CCS is the abbreviation used to describe the
technology for carbon dioxide capture and
storage. Various different techniques are already
undergoing small-scale trials. They
should be available for technical application
on a large scale by 2020 and allow low-CO 2
utilisation of fossil fuels for the generation
of electricity. No final decision has yet been
made on transport systems or storage locations.
According to the EU, however, all coalfired
power plants must be CCS-ready by
2020 – in other words, they must permit
retrofitting of this technology.
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
CDM, the mechanism for environmentally
compatible development, is one of the flexible
instruments defined by the Kyoto Protocol.
CDM projects are climate protection
projects implemented in developing countries
by industrialised states. These projects
must be sustainable and must be implemented
in addition to existing projects. The
emissions avoided by the projects are reviewed
and certified by independent institutions.
Industrialised countries and companies
can then claim credits for the CDM
emission certificates to help them to meet
their own emission targets.
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Clean Diesel
EnBW's clean diesel particulate filter system
is an innovative, environmentally efficient,
self-contained particulate reduction system.
It is defined for retrofitting to utility vehicles,
ships, rail vehicles and stationary diesel
engines. Utility vehicles fitted with the
clean diesel system qualify for Euro 4 classification
and the German green environmental
sticker.
Compliance
Comprises all organisational measures
designed to ensure compliance with laws,
regulations and internal guidelines as well
as contractual obligations and voluntary
commitments in the key areas and processes
of corporate activity.
CO 2 footprint
The computed amount of carbon dioxide
(CO 2 equivalents) emitted into the atmosphere
as a result of the activities of a company
or even an individual person.
Cogeneration
The waste heat from a power plant can be
used to heat buildings in the vicinity or as
process heat. This means more energy is
obtained from the same fuel input. A power
plant that generates both electricity and
heat in this way is called a combined heatand-power
plant.
Corporate governance
The totality of basic principles and rules
geared towards the interests of shareholders
and relating to organisation, conduct and
transparency that are designed to ensure a
balanced relationship between executive
management and monitoring activities at
the highest governance level of the company
while ensuring decision-making
capability and efficient leadership.
"E-Energy" promotion programme
A new core initiative launched by the German
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Technology.
Within the framework of this programme,
EnBW was presented with an
award in recognition of its "MeRegio –
Minimum Emission Region" project. The
aim of the project is to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions in a model region.
Emissions
Emissions are the gaseous, liquid or solid
substances released into the atmosphere or
other parts of the environment from an installation
or other technical process; they
also take the form of noise, vibrations, radiation
and heat. The source of the emissions
is known as the "emitter". Emissions are not
only caused by human activity. There are also
natural emitters: cattle and swampland
emit methane (swamp gas, CH 4), for example,
while plants emit pollen as well as
volatile organic compounds (VOC) and volcanoes
emit sulphur dioxide (SO 2).
Emissions trading
Trading of emission rights is an environmental
policy instrument designed to promote
climate protection. In the Kyoto Protocol,
the industrialised nations reached
agreement on the worldwide reduction of
greenhouse gas emissions. In order to ensure
maximum efficiency of distribution of
the stipulated volume by which the emission
of these gases is to be reduced, the permitted
emission volume for a specific country
is divided into emission certificates
allowing the emission of specific amounts
of gases that impact the global climate.
States can trade these emission rights with
one another. In order to meet its emission
reduction obligations, the EU has introduced
an emissions trading system at company
level. Certificates are allocated to the