Transport Layer - Freie Universität Berlin

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TCP Slow Start ● Each sender maintains two windows for the number of bytes which can be sent: ● Flow Control Window: granted receiver buffer ● Congestion Window: “network granted” capacity (cwnd) ● Minimum of both windows is the maximum number of bytes that can be sent ● With connection establishment, the sender initializes the congestion window to one maximum segment size (MSS) ● MSS is the maximum number of application data that can be send in one segment!!! ● A segment with MSS bytes of application data is sent ● Slow Start Algorithm ● If an acknowledgement arrives before timeout, double the congestion window, otherwise reset it to the initial value. Thus a “grope” takes place up to the transmission capacity. ● Enlargement stops with reaching the flow control window ● Refinement by introduction of a threshold value ssthresh ● At the beginning 64 kbyte ● Only linear enlargement by one maximum segment size (Congestion Avoidance) ● With a timeout the threshold value is put back to half of the maximum window size reached before Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen H. Schiller ▪ cst.mi.fu-berlin.de ▪ Telematics ▪ Chapter 8: Transport Layer 8.98
TCP Slow Start ● When connection begins, increase rate exponentially until first loss event: ●Double CongWin every RTT ●Done by incrementing CongWin for every ACK received ● Summary: ●Initial rate is slow but ramps up exponentially fast Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen H. Schiller ▪ cst.mi.fu-berlin.de ▪ Telematics ▪ Chapter 8: Transport Layer RTT Host A Host B time 8.99
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Telematics Chapter 8: Transport Lay
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Design Issues Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
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Services Provided to the Upper Laye
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Transport Service Primitives ● Pr
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Transport Service Primitives ● A
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Transport Protocol: Addressing ●
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Transport Protocol: Addressing ●
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Transport Protocol: Connection Esta
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Transport Protocol: Connection Rele
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Transport Protocol: Connection Rele
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Transport Protocol: Multiplexing
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Transport Protocol: Crash Recovery
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Transport Protocols in the TCP/IP R
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User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Univ.-
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UDP Header ● Source Port, Destina
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User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Socket
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Example: Java Client (UDP) import j
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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
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TCP as a Reliable Connection If the
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TCP: Overview RFCs: 793, 1122, 1323
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Socket Programming in TCP Server si
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Socket programming in TCP Server (o
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Example: Java Server (TCP) import j
Page 47 and 48: TCP-based Applications File transfe
Page 49 and 50: The TCP Header ● Source and Desti
Page 51 and 52: TCP Pseudo Header ● Checksum: ser
Page 53 and 54: TCP Connection Management: 1. Conne
Page 55 and 56: TCP Connection Management: 2. Data
Page 57 and 58: TCP Connection Management TCP clien
Page 59 and 60: States during a TCP Session State D
Page 61 and 62: Timer Management with TCP ● TCP u
Page 63 and 64: Timer Management with TCP: Example
Page 65 and 66: Timer Management with TCP: Retransm
Page 71 and 72: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Page 73 and 74: TCP Sender Events ● Data received
Page 75 and 76: TCP Retransmission Scenarios SendBa
Page 77 and 78: TCP ACK generation [RFC 1122, RFC 2
Page 79 and 80: TCP Flow Control: Sliding Window
Page 81 and 82: “Silly Window” Syndrome Header
Page 83 and 84: Flow Control: Network Bottlenecks C
Page 85 and 86: Principles of Congestion Control
Page 87 and 88: Causes/costs of congestion: Scenari
Page 89 and 90: Causes/costs of congestion: Scenari
Page 91 and 92: Approaches towards congestion contr
Page 93 and 94: Case study: ATM ABR congestion cont
Page 95 and 96: TCP congestion control: additive in
Page 97: TCP Slow Start ● When connection
Page 101 and 102: Refinement: Inferring loss ● Afte
Page 103 and 104: Fast Retransmit Timeout Host A Time
Page 105 and 106: Fast Retransmit and Fast Recovery
Page 107 and 108: Summary: TCP Congestion Control ●
Page 109 and 110: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Page 111 and 112: TCP Futures: TCP over “long, fat
Page 113 and 114: TCP Fairness ● Fairness goal: if
Page 115 and 116: Fairness (more) ● Fairness and UD
Page 117 and 118: TCP in Wireless Networks ● Theore
Page 119 and 120: TCP and Security: SYN-Flood ● Dur
Page 121 and 122: Some Tools Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Joc
Page 123 and 124: Some Tools ● TTCP - Test TCP ●
Page 125 and 126: Stream Control Transmission Protoco
Page 127 and 128: SCTP Multi-Homing ● Ability for a
Page 129 and 130: SCTP Packet Format ● Common Heade
Page 131 and 132: SCTP Chunks ● Type (Examples) ●
Page 133 and 134: SCTP DATA Chunk ● Transmission Se
Page 135 and 136: Datagram Congestion Control Protoco
Page 137 and 138: DCCP vs. TCP/UDP ● Choice of cong
Page 139 and 140: DCCP Generic Header ● Ports ● 1
Page 141 and 142: DCCP State Diagram a la RFC +------
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Transport Layer - Freie Universität Berlin

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