The Effects of Commercial Electronic Variable Message Signs ...

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Variable Ref. # Advantages Disadvantages 1.4.1 Headway (car following); time to collision 1.4.2 Gap acceptance: merge; passing 1.4.3 Conflicts; nearcrashes 1.4.4 Violations: red light running; failure to yield; failure to stop 1.4.5 Errors: missed exit; wrong lane 1.4.6 Timing: late movements; premature movements 1.5 Infrastructure interactions 1.5.1 Response to roadway geometry: swerves; sudden braking 1.5.2 Response to traffic control devices: misses, delays 1.5.3 Pedestrian interactions; yields 1.6 Signals 39 125, 48, 118 Good surrogate for distraction. Good surrogate for distraction. 125 Extremely important measure. Good surrogate for distraction. 118, 15 Surrogate for distraction. 15 Surrogate for distraction. 1.6.1 Brake light 125 Indication of sudden deceleration. 48 Difficult to measure. Low probability events. Difficult to measure. Only in urban settings. 1.6.2 Turn signals Less important. 1.6.3 Other: backup lights Not important.
Variable Ref. # Advantages Disadvantages 2.0 Driver/Vehicle Interactions 2.1 Steering 2.1.1 Gross movements: curves; turns 2.1.2 Fine movements: lane keeping 2.2 Throttle 2.2.1 Pedal press; pedal position; duration 2.2.2 Pedal release; duration 2.3 Brake 125 2.3.1 Pedal press; duration; excursion Surrogate for distraction. 60 Difficult to measure. Surrogate for distraction. 49 Less important. Less important. 2.3.2 Pedal release Less important. 2.4 Shift (manual only) 2.4.1 Gear selection (speed) Not important. 2.4.2 Gear transitions (shifts) 2.5 Displays 154 2.5.1 Speedometer Secondary visual distractor. Not important. 2.5.2 Other: gauges; radio Less important. 2.6 Other controls 154, 25 2.6.1 Safety: windshield wipers; instrument lights; horn; turn signals 54 Less important, except turn signals.
Page 1 and 2:
The Effects of Commercial Electroni
Page 3 and 4:
TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION.
Page 7: LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Expanded ke
Page 10 and 11: assumptions: that eye glances are r
Page 13 and 14: 2.1 BACKGROUND 2.0 LITERATURE REVIE
Page 15 and 16: inattention and/or distraction as a
Page 17 and 18: vehicle along a route which is cont
Page 19 and 20: vehicle” (p. 17). (19) Chan et al
Page 21 and 22: 2.6 REVIEWS OF PRACTICE Bergeron al
Page 23 and 24: The present literature review does
Page 25: cause a distraction at an inopportu
Page 28 and 29: • Luminance [1.2.4] (brightness).
Page 30 and 31: (nearby billboards). In particular,
Page 32 and 33: As mentioned above, the more detail
Page 34 and 35: • Closed-course test track [3.4]
Page 37 and 38: 5.0 FUTURE RESEARCH PROGRAM As stat
Page 39 and 40: 5.3 STRUCTURE As outlined above, th
Page 41: statistics. The Empirical Bayes met
Page 44 and 45: deviation, and traffic conflicts. A
Page 46 and 47: The on-road instrumented vehicle me
Page 49 and 50: APPENDIX A—EXPANDED TABLES A.1 KE
Page 51 and 52: Variable Ref. # Advantages Disadvan
Page 55: A.2 KEY MEASURES (DEPENDENT VARIABL
Page 61 and 62: A.3 KEY RESEARCH STRATEGIES Table 3
Page 63 and 64: Method Ref. # Advantages Disadvanta
Page 65 and 66: Method Ref. # Advantages Disadvanta
Page 67: Method Ref. # Advantages Disadvanta
Page 70 and 71: The primary measure or dependent va
Page 72 and 73: connected to the vehicle data bus s
Page 74 and 75: B.3 UNOBTRUSIVE OBSERVATION APPROAC
Page 77: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The present projec
Page 80 and 81: 11. Klauer, S.G., Dingus, T.A., Nea
Page 83 and 84: BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Ady, R.W. (1967).
Page 85 and 86: 28. Claus, K.E. (1974). “Psycholo
Page 87 and 88: 54. Gellatly, A.W. and Kleiss, J.A.
Page 89 and 90: 80. Kuhn, B.T. (1999). “The Impac
Page 91 and 92: 106. Parkes, A.M, Ward, N.J., and V
Page 93 and 94: 131. Tantala, M. and Tantala, P. (2
Page 95 and 96: 155. Wierwille, W.W., Antin, J.F.,
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