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Introduction Setting the stage for a green economy transition [ ] ADVANCE COPY ONLINE RELEASE
Page 1 and 2: Towards a [ ] ADVANCE COPY ONLINE R
Page 3: Towards a Pathways to Sustainable D
Page 7: Foreword Nearly 20 years after the
Page 12 and 13: Towards a green economy 12 Copyrigh
Page 14 and 15: Towards a green economy 14 1 Introd
Page 16 and 17: Towards a green economy 16 1 2 What
Page 18 and 19: Towards a green economy 18 Biodiver
Page 20 and 21: Towards a green economy 20 the poor
Page 22 and 23: Towards a green economy 22 For some
Page 24 and 25: Towards a green economy 24 1 4 Appr
Page 26 and 27: Towards a green economy 26 Nations
Page 29 and 30: Part I Investing in natural capital
Page 31 and 32: Agriculture Investing in natural ca
Page 33 and 34: Contents Agriculture Key messages.
Page 35 and 36: Agriculture 35
Page 37 and 38: Agriculture 5. Greening agriculture
Page 39 and 40: Figure 1: Total average contributio
Page 41 and 42: correlated with increased use of no
Page 43 and 44: ■ reducing chemical pesticide and
Page 45 and 46: C M Y CM MY CY CMY K sugar and oils
Page 47 and 48: kcal/capita/day 4 000 3 000 2 000 1
Page 49 and 50: Box 3: Innovations in the agricultu
Page 51 and 52: The following section present some
Page 53 and 54: The limited availability of substan
Page 55 and 56: Box 7: Innovative sustainable and s
Page 57 and 58: Scenario NCAR with developing-count
Page 59 and 60: Agricultural sector variables Unit
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Agriculture 4 Getting there: Enabli
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penalties for air emissions and wat
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5 Conclusions A transformation of t
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Annex 1. Benefits and costs of inve
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The success of these strategies als
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Annex 4. Benefits and costs of inve
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Ensor, J. 2009. Biodiverse agricult
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development of a biological control
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Agriculture 77
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Fisheries Investing in natural capi
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Contents Fisheries Key messages. .
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List of acronyms EEZ - Exclusive Ec
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Fisheries 4. Greening the fisheries
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Marine �sheries landings (million
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2 Challenges and opportunities in g
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Stock (%) 100 80 60 40 20 Underdeve
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affecting global fisheries socially
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3 The economic case for greening fi
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Identifying greening efforts There
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3.4 Cost-benefit analysis of greeni
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4 Enabling conditions: Institutions
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per cent per year, and hence can do
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National fisheries reform funding o
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5 Conclusions Our analysis confirms
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FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 457.
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Wilson, R. W., Millero, F. J., Tayl
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Water Investing in natural capital
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Contents Key messages 118 1 Introdu
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List of tables Table 1: Examples of
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4. The availability of an adequate
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Rainfall (thousands of cubic kilome
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2 Water: a unique natural resource
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In developed countries, the relativ
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Box 2: Millennium Development Goals
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■ Population increase - by 2030 t
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Sub-Saharan Africa Europe 72 100 12
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Mainline Master metre Water utility
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4 The economics of greening water u
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In areas where the costs of enhanci
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Figure 14: Regional virtual water b
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per annum towards the conservation
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Transfer Volume (GL) 1200 1000 800
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are imposed on all who live nearby.
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to another is extremely inefficient
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References Background papers prepar
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Veritec Consulting (2008). Region o
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Forests Investing in natural capita
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Forests 157
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4. Tried and tested economic mechan
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Service Estimates of value (US$/ha)
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Biodiversity FOREST External input
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2 Challenges and opportunities 2 1
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2 2 Opportunities Together with the
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woodland, corresponding to 5 per ce
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3 The case for investing in greenin
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Nature-based tourism is also a majo
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only major study so far of this sch
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Box 9: Costs and benefits of certif
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Activity Location Cost/ha Reference
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lower at 375 million hectares, but
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4 Modelling green investment in for
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The increase in the forest area is
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origin, extending the Lacey Act to
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in ways that are not coordinated wi
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6 Conclusions Understanding and acc
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iodiversity conservation”. Journa
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economics of REDD, 27 May. Discussi
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iStockphoto/Carmen Martínez Banús
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200 Acknowledgements Chapter Coordi
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Towards a green economy 202 List of
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Towards a green economy 204 Key mes
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Towards a green economy 206 Fossil
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Towards a green economy 208 2 Chall
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Towards a green economy 210 Millenn
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Towards a green economy 212 Stages:
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Towards a green economy 214 Energy
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Towards a green economy 216 renewab
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Towards a green economy 218 USA 406
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Towards a green economy 220 3 Inves
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Towards a green economy 222 to 0.6
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Towards a green economy 224 Million
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Towards a green economy 226 4 Overc
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Towards a green economy 228 leaveni
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Towards a green economy 230 In orde
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Towards a green economy 232 Market
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Towards a green economy 234 5 Concl
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Towards a green economy 236 Rafaj,
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Towards a green economy 240 Acknowl
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Towards a green economy 246 1 Intro
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Towards a green economy 248 Figure
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Towards a green economy 252 Rate of
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Towards a green economy 254 % 100 9
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Towards a green economy 256 and non
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Towards a green economy 258 economi
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Towards a green economy 260 Russia,
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Towards a green economy 262 4 Inves
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Towards a green economy 264 reduces
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Towards a green economy 266 Box 1:
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Towards a green economy 268 5 Quant
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Towards a green economy 270 Billion
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Towards a green economy 272 on form
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Towards a green economy 274 Share i
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Towards a green economy 278 targeti
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Towards a green economy 280 cases t
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Towards a green economy 282 product
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Towards a green economy 296 Annual
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Towards a green economy 298 120 110
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Towards a green economy 302 3 Makin
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Towards a green economy 304 Breakup
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Towards a green economy 306 Number
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Towards a green economy 312 Percent
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Towards a green economy 314 4 Effec
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Towards a green economy 316 5 Enabl
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Towards a green economy 318 and dis
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Towards a green economy 320 Locatio
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Towards a green economy 324 EPA (20
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Towards a green economy 326 UNESCAP
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Towards a green economy 338 Floor s
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Towards a green economy 340 GtC0 2
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Towards a green economy 342 more th
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Towards a green economy 344 househo
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Towards a green economy 350 Fuel Co
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Towards a green economy 352 buildin
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Towards a green economy 356 GWh 20,
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Towards a green economy 358 of the
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Towards a green economy 360 of the
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Towards a green economy 362 certifi
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Towards a green economy 366 regulat
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Towards a green economy 368 determi
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Towards a green economy 370 energy
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Towards a green economy 382 China I
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Towards a green economy 384 African
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Towards a green economy 386 This in
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Towards a green economy 388 3 2 Cre
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Towards a green economy 390 (with t
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Towards a green economy 392 Cost sa
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Towards a green economy 394 Vehcle
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Towards a green economy 396 5 Enabl
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Towards a green economy 398 Type Av
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Towards a green economy 400 Private
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Towards a green economy 402 ■ Imp
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Towards a green economy 406 IEA (20
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Peter Prokosch
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Towards a green economy 418 and tou
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Towards a green economy 420 per cen
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Towards a green economy 422 3 The c
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Towards a green economy 424 value a
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Towards a green economy 426 (labour
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Towards a green economy 430 ■ Tou
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Towards a green economy 432 by the
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Towards a green economy 434 without
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Towards a green economy 436 to meas
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Towards a green economy 440 Annex 1
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Towards a green economy 442 Strateg
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Towards a green economy 444 ■ Was
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Towards a green economy 446 Moreno,
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Cities Investing in energy and reso
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Cities 453
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5. Measures to green cities can inc
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2 Challenges and opportunities Urba
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CO2 emissions (tonnes of CO2 equiva
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minimise or recycle waste. São Pau
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Dispersed scenario Total cost (CA$b
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Project Table 3: Investment and ope
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growth among mature clusters drawin
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(Woodcock et al.). Green urban tran
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city’s electricity demand. A biom
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5 Enabling green cities The previou
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y mistrust and disinterest due to i
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Urban growth boundaries Land-use re
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Taxes Cities need to be able to rai
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6 Conclusions Cities are where some
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Aliguma, L., Lubowa, A. and Nasinya
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Satterthwaite, D. (2009). The impli
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2010) Available at: www.bea.gov [ac
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Cities 489
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Modelling global green investment s
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Contents Modelling Acknowledgements
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Modelling List of tables Table 1: C
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List of acronyms AR4 - Fourth Asses
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Modelling 4. A green economy has th
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2 Understanding the green economy T
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3 Modelling the green economy Natio
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4 Scenario definition and challenge
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4.1 Defining investments and method
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5 Results of the simulations and an
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Gigatonnes 60 45 30 15 0 1970 Figur
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% 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 0
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As a result of green investments, g
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In general, the results underline t
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Water e�ciency Sustainable manage
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Relative �sh stock in m Tonnes/ye
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Energy demand in mtoe/year % RE in
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Millions of persons 25 20 15 10 5 F
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6 Conclusions The simulation of fut
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2011 2015 2020 Unit BAU BAU1 BAU2 B
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2015 2020 2030 2050 1% case 2% case
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Modelling Annex 1. Technical specif
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Box A1: The Cobb-Douglas production
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References Association for the Stud
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Modelling 541
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Towards a green economy 550 choosin
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Towards a green economy 556 studies
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Towards a green economy 558 encoura
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Towards a green economy 560 simply
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Towards a green economy 562 Even wh
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Towards a green economy 564 conside
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Towards a green economy 566 Enforce
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Towards a green economy 570 Enablin
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Towards a green economy 572 Referen
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Towards a green economy 584 Sector
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Towards a green economy 586 such as
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Towards a green economy 588 US$ bil
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Towards a green economy 590 BES ass
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Towards a green economy 592 Issue (
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Towards a green economy 594 plug-in
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Towards a green economy 596 4 Oppor
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Towards a green economy 598 which m
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Towards a green economy 600 such as
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Towards a green economy 602 Region
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Towards a green economy 606 5 Green
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Towards a green economy 608 and dev
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Towards a green economy 610 economy
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Towards a green economy 612 infrast
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Towards a green economy 616 Referen
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Towards a green economy 618 From wa
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Conclusions [ ] ADVANCE COPY ONLINE
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for some time. How should the move
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Towards a Green Economy is among UN
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