Download Green Economy Report - UNEP

More documents

Recommendations

Info

iStockphoto/Konstantin Inozemtsev
Finance Supporting the transition to a global green economy [ ] ADVANCE COPY ONLINE RELEASE
Page 1 and 2:
Towards a [ ] ADVANCE COPY ONLINE R
Page 3:
Towards a Pathways to Sustainable D
Page 7:
Foreword Nearly 20 years after the
Page 11 and 12:
Introduction Setting the stage for
Page 13 and 14:
Contents Introduction 1 Introductio
Page 15 and 16:
policies, including pricing and reg
Page 17 and 18:
one form of capital to meet today
Page 19 and 20:
will be required to assess and moni
Page 21 and 22:
Box 1: Towards a green economy: A t
Page 23 and 24:
overall transition to a green econo
Page 25 and 26:
References Adelman, Irma (1999).
Page 27:
Introduction 27
Page 30 and 31:
iStockphoto/Klaus Hollitzer
Page 32 and 33:
32 Acknowledgements Chapter Coordin
Page 34 and 35:
Towards a green economy 34 List of
Page 36 and 37:
Towards a green economy 36 Key mess
Page 38 and 39:
Towards a green economy 38 1 Introd
Page 40 and 41:
Towards a green economy 40 contribu
Page 42 and 43:
Towards a green economy 42 instance
Page 44 and 45:
Towards a green economy 44 2 Challe
Page 46 and 47:
Towards a green economy 46 Figure 8
Page 48 and 49:
Towards a green economy 48 2°C). F
Page 50 and 51:
Towards a green economy 50 3 The ca
Page 52 and 53:
Towards a green economy 52 Box 4: C
Page 54 and 55:
Towards a green economy 54 Improvin
Page 56 and 57:
Towards a green economy 56 Box 8: O
Page 58 and 59:
Towards a green economy 58 is almos
Page 60 and 61:
Towards a green economy 60 Overall,
Page 62 and 63:
Towards a green economy 62 small fa
Page 64 and 65:
Towards a green economy 64 telemetr
Page 66 and 67:
Towards a green economy 66 friendly
Page 68 and 69:
Towards a green economy 68 Annex 2.
Page 70 and 71:
Towards a green economy 70 Annex 3.
Page 72 and 73:
Towards a green economy 72 Referenc
Page 74 and 75:
Towards a green economy 74 Irz, X.,
Page 76 and 77:
Towards a green economy 76 Singh, H
Page 78 and 79:
iStockphoto/Nico Smit
Page 80 and 81:
Towards a green economy 80 Acknowle
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Towards a green economy 84 Key mess
Page 86 and 87:
Towards a green economy 86 1 Introd
Page 88 and 89:
Towards a green economy 88 Fishing
Page 90 and 91:
Towards a green economy 90 1950s Th
Page 92 and 93:
Towards a green economy 92 most sig
Page 94 and 95:
Towards a green economy 94 Item (un
Page 96 and 97:
Towards a green economy 96 Current
Page 98 and 99:
Towards a green economy 98 and recr
Page 100 and 101:
Towards a green economy 100 special
Page 102 and 103:
Towards a green economy 102 limits
Page 104 and 105:
Towards a green economy 104 success
Page 106 and 107:
Towards a green economy 106 private
Page 108 and 109:
Towards a green economy 108 Referen
Page 110 and 111:
Towards a green economy 110 Perry,
Page 112 and 113:
iStockphoto/Morgan Mansour
Page 114 and 115:
Towards a green economy 114 Acknowl
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Towards a green economy 118 Key mes
Page 120 and 121:
Towards a green economy 120 1 Intro
Page 122 and 123:
Towards a green economy 122 1 5 The
Page 124 and 125:
Towards a green economy 124 Another
Page 126 and 127:
Towards a green economy 126 3 Chall
Page 128 and 129:
Towards a green economy 128 Little
Page 130 and 131:
water withdrawals, assuming no e�
Page 132 and 133:
Towards a green economy 132 Biome/e
Page 134 and 135:
Towards a green economy 134 Accessi
Page 136 and 137:
Towards a green economy 136 China -
Page 138 and 139:
Towards a green economy 138 5 Enabl
Page 140 and 141:
Towards a green economy 140 Regions
Page 142 and 143:
Towards a green economy Total retur
Page 144 and 145:
Towards a green economy 144 % 100 9
Page 146 and 147:
Towards a green economy 146 devolve
Page 148 and 149:
Towards a green economy 148 6 Concl
Page 150 and 151:
Towards a green economy 150 linkage
Page 152 and 153:
iStockphoto/Fenykepez
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Towards a green economy 162 Scope E
Page 164 and 165:
Towards a green economy 164 more so
Page 166 and 167:
Towards a green economy 166 Box 3:
Page 168 and 169:
Towards a green economy 168 still c
Page 170 and 171:
Towards a green economy 170 the per
Page 172 and 173:
Towards a green economy 172 forests
Page 174 and 175:
Towards a green economy 174 The two
Page 176 and 177:
Towards a green economy 176 or cabl
Page 178 and 179:
Towards a green economy 178 tropica
Page 180 and 181:
Towards a green economy 180 Type of
Page 182 and 183:
Towards a green economy 182 with di
Page 184 and 185:
Towards a green economy 184 Million
Page 186 and 187:
Towards a green economy 186 5 Enabl
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Towards a green economy 190 However
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Towards a green economy 194 forests
Page 197 and 198:
Part II Investing in energy and res
Page 199 and 200:
Renewable energy Investing in energ
Page 201 and 202:
Contents Renewable energy Key messa
Page 203 and 204:
Renewable energy 203
Page 205 and 206:
Renewable energy 7. Increasing inve
Page 207 and 208:
non-OECD countries are also expecte
Page 209 and 210:
About half of these costs will be b
Page 211 and 212:
efficiency in low-income countries,
Page 213 and 214:
derived from fossil fuels. The scen
Page 215 and 216:
US$ (2008) per MWh 9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0
Page 217 and 218:
US$ billion 80 Growth: 48% 48% 34%
Page 219 and 220:
study in Aragon, Spain, for example
Page 221 and 222:
spans of power plants and distribut
Page 223 and 224:
Mtoe/yr 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 13
Page 225 and 226:
Effects on employment - increasing
Page 227 and 228:
Country Renewable energy technology
Page 229 and 230:
More formal Less formal Stage 1 R&D
Page 231 and 232:
GDP/capita (thousand 2008 US$) 95 8
Page 233 and 234:
The challenge of adapting the curre
Page 235 and 236:
References AFREPREN/FWD Energy, Env
Page 237 and 238:
WHO (2009): “The Poor man’s fue
Page 239 and 240:
Manufacturing Investing in energy a
Page 241 and 242:
Contents Manufacturing Key messages
Page 243 and 244:
Manufacturing 243
Page 245 and 246:
Manufacturing 5. While direct job e
Page 247 and 248:
Aluminium global mass �ow in �n
Page 249 and 250:
Historically, GDP has grown more ra
Page 251 and 252:
Gigabarrels annually 40 30 20 10 0
Page 253 and 254:
Against this background, resource-i
Page 255 and 256:
Source: Adapted from Mannan (2009),
Page 257 and 258:
Manufacturing 3 Opportunities - Str
Page 259 and 260:
Production side Eco-efficiency stra
Page 261 and 262:
The major obstacle to re-manufactur
Page 263 and 264:
Table 6: Examples of investment and
Page 265 and 266:
the impact of greener practices on
Page 267 and 268:
As suggested by the USA auto indust
Page 269 and 270:
labor intensity, also due to the fa
Page 271 and 272:
6 Enabling conditions for a green t
Page 273 and 274:
principles of industrial symbiosis
Page 275 and 276:
debate on sector approaches provide
Page 277 and 278:
impacts of paper, plastic and cloth
Page 279 and 280:
7 Conclusions This chapter has prov
Page 281 and 282:
References ABB Switzerland Ltd., Az
Page 283 and 284:
Renzetti, S. (2005). «Economic Ins
Page 285 and 286:
Waste Investing in energy and resou
Page 287 and 288:
Contents Key messages. . . . . . .
Page 289 and 290:
Waste 289
Page 291 and 292:
illion in 2008 and projected to gro
Page 293 and 294:
■ Energy recovery, which harnesse
Page 295 and 296:
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 GDP per capita (USD) 45
Page 297 and 298:
200 150 100 1980 Index: 1980=100 19
Page 299 and 300:
In developing countries, owing to l
Page 301 and 302:
Percentage 1980 100 80 60 40 20 0 U
Page 303 and 304:
Targets Examples Resource efficienc
Page 305 and 306:
Particulars Low-income countries Mi
Page 307 and 308:
Box 3: Cost savings and resource re
Page 309 and 310:
Box 5: Turning urban manure into or
Page 311 and 312:
Renewable waste Thousand TeraJoule
Page 313 and 314:
Peru (1) and Uruguay (1), has been
Page 315 and 316:
illion for G2. The allocation for w
Page 317 and 318:
Transition (CEIT) in complying with
Page 319 and 320:
waste handling, storage, treatment
Page 321 and 322:
and standards. Developing countries
Page 323 and 324:
References Acurio G., Rossin A., Te
Page 325 and 326:
hod=view&docSeq=194&bbsCode=res_mat
Page 327 and 328:
Waste 327
Page 329 and 330:
Buildings Investing in energy and r
Page 331 and 332:
Contents Buildings Key messages 334
Page 333 and 334:
Buildings 333
Page 335 and 336:
Buildings 4. Greening the building
Page 337 and 338:
2 Challenges and opportunities 2 1
Page 339 and 340:
Some aspects of improved well-being
Page 341 and 342:
penetration at certain times of day
Page 343 and 344:
New construction potential 10 8 6 4
Page 345 and 346:
3 The case for investment in green
Page 347 and 348:
new residential construction, an es
Page 349 and 350:
Box 3: Retrofitting existing office
Page 351 and 352:
as noise pollution, chemical pollut
Page 353 and 354:
such as distributing cooking stoves
Page 355 and 356:
Speanding category Impact Amount (m
Page 357 and 358:
Scenarios Emission intensity - CO e
Page 359 and 360:
4 Enabling conditions and policy in
Page 361 and 362:
Box 7: Reliable measurement and acc
Page 363 and 364:
water, indoor air quality and finan
Page 365 and 366:
energy reduction targets had been p
Page 367 and 368:
5 Conclusions The building sector s
Page 369 and 370:
References ADB (2009). ARM090554 In
Page 371 and 372:
Addressing a multi-faceted phenomen
Page 373 and 374:
Transport Investing in energy and r
Page 375 and 376:
Contents Transport Key messages 378
Page 377 and 378:
List of acronyms ADB ‑ Asian Deve
Page 379 and 380:
Transport 4. Investment in public t
Page 381 and 382:
2 Challenges and opportunities in t
Page 383 and 384:
Region* GNP, 1997 (USD billion) Tab
Page 385 and 386:
Strategy Developed Countries Develo
Page 387 and 388:
3 Transport in a green economy This
Page 389 and 390:
Avoid - Shift - Improve Avoid Avoid
Page 391 and 392:
4 Quantifying the economic implicat
Page 393 and 394:
Index of emissions (1990 = 100) 160
Page 395 and 396:
Total employment in the transport s
Page 397 and 398:
Outer Middle Business-as-usual (dis
Page 399 and 400:
Funding stream Avoid Shift Improve
Page 401 and 402:
■ Equity - both horizontally (i.e
Page 403 and 404:
efficiency measures at a global sca
Page 405 and 406:
References ADB (2009b) Transport Op
Page 407 and 408:
VTPI (2007) Transportation Cost and
Page 409 and 410:
Tourism Investing in energy and res
Page 411 and 412:
Contents Acknowledgements 410 Key m
Page 413 and 414:
List of acronyms BAU - Business-as-
Page 415 and 416:
Tourism 6. Tourists are demanding t
Page 417 and 418:
2 Challenges and opportunities for
Page 419 and 420:
Loss of biological diversity There
Page 421 and 422:
fees. WTP for entrance fees from in
Page 423 and 424:
For the EU 27, GHK (2007) estimates
Page 425 and 426:
Tourist RM300 100% tourism incomes
Page 427 and 428:
that overall financial cost-recover
Page 429 and 430:
US$1 billion and a significantly hi
Page 431 and 432:
4 Overcoming barriers: enabling con
Page 433 and 434:
a selection of larger firms. Smalle
Page 435 and 436:
Tourism investment from government
Page 437 and 438:
and bankers. Long-term contracts fo
Page 439 and 440:
y sustainable local, small, medium,
Page 441 and 442:
Annex 2: Drivers and likely implica
Page 443 and 444:
Annex 3: Assumptions of the model 1
Page 445 and 446:
References Adamson, M. (2001): “E
Page 447:
Tourism 447
Page 450 and 451:
Page 452 and 453:
Page 454 and 455:
Page 456 and 457:
Page 458 and 459:
Towards a green economy 458 Nationa
Page 460 and 461:
Towards a green economy 460 of ener
Page 462 and 463:
Towards a green economy 462 3 The c
Page 464 and 465:
Towards a green economy 464 compare
Page 466 and 467:
Towards a green economy 466 Fifth,
Page 468 and 469:
Towards a green economy 468 ■ Psy
Page 470 and 471:
Towards a green economy 470 4 Green
Page 472 and 473:
Towards a green economy 472 cities
Page 474 and 475:
Towards a green economy 474 capita
Page 476 and 477:
Towards a green economy 476 on wate
Page 478 and 479:
Towards a green economy 478 Environ
Page 480 and 481:
Towards a green economy 480 Second,
Page 482 and 483:
Page 484 and 485:
Towards a green economy 484 America
Page 486 and 487:
Towards a green economy 486 Appendi
Page 488 and 489:
Towards a green economy 488 [access
Page 491:
Part III Supporting the transition
Page 494 and 495:
Page 496 and 497:
Page 498 and 499:
Towards a green economy 498
Page 500 and 501:
Page 502 and 503:
Page 504 and 505:
Towards a green economy 504 scarce
Page 506 and 507:
Towards a green economy 506 Environ
Page 508 and 509:
Towards a green economy 508 BAU Sce
Page 510 and 511:
Towards a green economy 510 to the
Page 512 and 513:
Towards a green economy 512 Million
Page 514 and 515:
Towards a green economy 514 depend
Page 516 and 517:
Towards a green economy 516 Natural
Page 518 and 519:
Page 520 and 521:
Towards a green economy 520 Percent
Page 522 and 523:
Towards a green economy 522 Billion
Page 524 and 525: Towards a green economy 524 BAU U (
Page 526 and 527: Towards a green economy 526 Million
Page 528 and 529: Towards a green economy 528 Thousan
Page 530 and 531: Towards a green economy 530 Economi
Page 532 and 533: Towards a green economy 532 2011 20
Page 534 and 535: Towards a green economy 534 2015 20
Page 536 and 537: Towards a green economy 536 Society
Page 538 and 539: Towards a green economy 538 added a
Page 540 and 541: Towards a green economy 540 interve
Page 543 and 544: Enabling conditions Supporting the
Page 545 and 546: Contents Enabling conditions Key me
Page 547 and 548: Enabling conditions 4. A well-desig
Page 549 and 550: 2 Key policy tools The sections bel
Page 551 and 552: Box 1: Investing in green infrastru
Page 553 and 554: For example, depending on the suppo
Page 555 and 556: provides countries with the ability
Page 557 and 558: environmentally harmful in other ca
Page 559 and 560: considers key national regulatory t
Page 561 and 562: MEAs can play a significant role in
Page 563 and 564: application of new technologies in
Page 565 and 566: 3 Supporting actions Depending on t
Page 567 and 568: are able to learn and understand th
Page 569 and 570: Annex 1 - Enabling conditions: A se
Page 571 and 572: Enabling condition Rationale: How i
Page 573: National Ecology Institute of Mexic
Page 577 and 578: Contents Key messages 580 Finance 1
Page 579 and 580: List of acronyms A/R Afforestation
Page 581 and 582: Finance 4. Advances in disclosure a
Page 583 and 584: 2 The state of play 2 1 The scale o
Page 585 and 586: Global market size Share committed
Page 587 and 588: 3 Emerging investment in the green
Page 589 and 590: increasingly affect the context wit
Page 591 and 592: Box 2: Overview of REDD+ Reducing E
Page 593 and 594: to learn how a cap-and-trade system
Page 595 and 596: £/tCO2e 250 200 150 100 50 £40 0
Page 597 and 598: Box 5: Financial materiality and fi
Page 599 and 600: to investment, but progress in putt
Page 601 and 602: policy makers. The risk pooling aff
Page 603 and 604: elevant to both the insurance and i
Page 605 and 606: example, it has been established th
Page 607 and 608: enchmarking. Public and private ban
Page 609 and 610: Exchanges that have taken such init
Page 611 and 612: green venture capital funds in deve
Page 613 and 614: green subsidies, grants and subsidi
Page 615 and 616: own resources to leverage the finan
Page 617 and 618: Strengthening the resilience of the
Page 619: Finance 619
Page 622 and 623: Towards a green economy 622 Conclus
Page 624:
Towards a green economy 624 the lat
show all

Download Green Economy Report - UNEP

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?