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Key words: Tien Shan, Pamirs, Tibet, geochemistry, U/Pb dating, Ar/Ar dating, fission track thermochronology Copyright © Martina Schmalholz 2004. All rights reserved. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Copyright © Universität Tübingen 2004 (TGA Series A, ISSN 0953-4921). Citations of this volume should take the form: Schmalholz, M. (2004): The amalgamation of the Pamirs and their subsequent evolution in the far field of the India-Asia collision. Tübinger Geowiss. Arb., Reihe A 71, 1-103 Please note that according to German transcription rules, ‘Tübinger’ transcripts to ‘Tuebinger’ in case of lack of the character ‘ü’. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The amalgamation of the Pamirs and their subsequent evolution in the far field of the India-Asia collision / Schmalholz, Martina p. cm. � (Publication / Geological and Palaeontological Institute, University of Tuebingen, Germany; no. 71) Includes bibliographical references. ISSN 0953-4921 1. Geology, Geophysics I. Title. II. Series. 551.8� dc21 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the right of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks including publication via the internet or other computer network. The storage of the abstract of the volume in its entirety together with the name(s) of the author(s) and the title of the volume is allowed for citation purposes provided that the copyright notice appears. www.uni-tuebingen.de Printed in Germany Bisher erschienen in dieser Reihe: Nr. 1 RING, U. (1989): Tectogenesis of the Penninic/Austroalpine boundary zone: the Arosa Zone (Grisons- Rätikon area, Swiss-Austrian Alps). Nr. 2 BETZLER, C. (1989): The Upper Paleocene to Middle Eocene between the Rio Segre and the Rio Llobregat (eastern South Pyrenees): facies, stratigraphy and structural evolution.
Nr. 3 HEINZ, W. (1989): Vulkanoklastische Komponenten und deren geodynamische Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der Southern Uplands von Schottland. Nr. 4 SICK, M. (1989): Paleomagnetism of ophiolite complexes from the southern Middle American Landbridge (Costa Rica and western Panama). Nr. 5 BRÜCKMANN, W. (1989): Typische Kompaktionsabläufe mariner Sedimente und ihre Modifikation in einem rezenten Akkretionskeil (Barbados Ridge). Nr. 6 VAVRA, G. (1989): Die Entwicklung des penninischen Grundgebirges im östlichen und zentralen Tauernfenster der Ostalpen � Geochemie, Zirkonmorphologie, U/Pb-Radiometrie. Nr. 7 SCHWENTKE, W. (1990): Upper Cretaceous tectono-sedimentary and facies evolution of the Basque Pyrenees (Spain). Nr. 8 RICHTER, C. (1990): The anisotropie of magnetic susceptibility � Numeric models, deformation experiments, and practical application in structural geology. Nr. 9 HEINZLER-JONCZYK, G. (1992): PTt-Paths in the southeast Tauern Window (Eastern Alps). Nr. 10 HAIß, N. (1992): Untersuchungen zur Genese von Plagioklasgneisen im Basiskristallin der Ostalpen (Gleinalm- Ötztal- und Silvrettakristallin). Nr. 11 KRAUS, S. (1992): Stratigraphy and facies of the "Garumnian" � Late Cretaceous to Early Paleogene � in the Tremp region, central southern Pyrenees. Nr. 12 SFEIKOS, A. (1992): Geology, analysis of deformation and kinematics of the Pelagonian nappe system, Kamvounia mountains (North Thessaly, Greece). Nr. 13 LIU, G. (1992): Permian to Eocene sediments and Indian passive margin evolution in the Tibet Himalayas. Nr. 14 BECKER, B. (1993): The Structural Evolution of the Radstadt Thrust System, Eastern Alps, Austria � Kinematics, Thrust Geometries, Strain Analysis. * Nr. 15 DÜRR, S.B. (1993): The Mid- to Early-Late Cretaceous Xigaze forearc basin (south Tibet); Sedimentary evolution and provenance of clastic sediments. [13 EUR] * Nr. 16 MICHEL, G. (1993): Neokinematics along the North Anatolian Fault. [15 EUR] * Nr. 17 HERRMANN, U.R. (1993): The origin of a „Terrane“: U/Pb zircon systematics, geochemistry and tectonics of the Xolapa complex (southern Mexico). [12 EUR] Nr. 18 GRÄFE, K.-U. (1994): Sequence Stratigraphy in the Cretaceous and Paleogene (Aptian to Eocene) of the Basco-Cantabrian Basin (N. Spain). Nr. 19 PROKOPH, A. (1994): Zyklische Sedimentation im Oberalb des Norddeutschen Beckens. * Nr. 20 REICHERTER, K. (1994): The Mesozoic tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Central Betic seaway (external Betic Cordillera, Southern Spain). [15 EUR] * Nr. 21 RATSCHBACHER, L., SPERNER, B., MESCHEDE, M. & FRISCH, W. (1994): Computer techniques and applications: A program <strong>lib</strong>rary for stress and strain analysis. [10 EUR]
Page 1: Institut für Geowissenschaften (IF
Page 6 and 7: * Nr. 22 MESCHEDE, M. (1994): Tecto
Page 8 and 9: * Nr. 55 REINECKER, J. (2000): Stre
Page 13 and 14: The amalgamation of the Pamirs and
Page 15: Wer aber je auf Asiens Erdboden sch
Page 20 and 21: viii (1971). Black lines with arrow
Page 22 and 23: x sample locations and age distribu
Page 24 and 25: xii Swedish expeditions followed. I
Page 26 and 27: 2 postulated that the Safed Khers a
Page 28 and 29: 4 Zusammenfassung Die paläozoische
Page 30 and 31: 6 (d) Oberkreide Spaltspurenalter w
Page 32 and 33: 8 deformation propagate from the pl
Page 34 and 35: 10 source terrains, changes in the
Page 36 and 37: 12 Geochemisches Zentrallabor, Univ
Page 38 and 39: 14 mean UO+/U+ and Pb+/U+ value. Si
Page 40 and 41: 16 apatites and zircons were counte
Page 42 and 43: 18 number of simulation runs and th
Page 45 and 46: Two Palaeozoic sutures divide the C
Page 47 and 48: igneous and sedimentary rock sequen
Page 49 and 50: Triassic and the formation of an is
Page 51 and 52: 27 Lake Karakul The Lake Karakul ar
Page 53: 3.3.2 Major and trace elements Majo
Page 56 and 57:
32 of 26-40 for samples P2, P5, and
Page 58 and 59:
34 some of the zircons suffered Pb
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36 fractions are situated close to
Page 65:
3.4.2 Rb/Sr dating The Rb/Sr minera
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45 The Cretaceous plutons show mode
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48 Thompson et al. (1984), who see
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50 granites and have Sm-Nd model ag
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52 associations in Afghanistan is f
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54 Kara Kunlun or Mazar accretionar
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56 Early Jurassic low-angle normal
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58 Coward et al. (1988) pointed out
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60 oceanic crust for the consumptio
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62 Palaeogene volcanic rocks of cen
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64 3.7 Conclusions Based on new own
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4 Cenozoic exhumation history of th
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Southern Tien Shan One Permian gran
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Thermal modelling The results of th
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amphibole, white mica, and biotite
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the zircon PAZ. The apparent apatit
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elt likely operated as an out-of-se
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ages from gneissic rocks within the
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84 south to 18 Ma in the north; the
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86 Cretaceous plutons that intrude
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88 6 References Allègre C.J., Cout
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90 House, scale 1:2 000 000. Chen F
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92 Karakorum (Sinkiang, China); the
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94 Hurford A.J. and Hammerschmidt K
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96 without double spiking. Geochimi
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98 Geological Society of America, 2
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100 Zamoruyev A., 1995a. Neotectoni
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102 Ann. Rev. of Earth and Planetar
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104 this work, especially all membe
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II Appendix A Tab. A1 Sample descri
Page 134 and 135:
IV Tab. A2 continued Pamir frontal
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VI Tab. A2 continued Tertiary exten
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VIII Tab. A3 continued Sample Miner
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X Tab. A6 Rb/Sr and Sm/Nd isotopic
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XII Tab. A7 continued Apparent ages
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XIV Tab. A9 U/Pb isotopic ratios fr
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XVI Tab. A9 continued 207 Pb/ 206 P
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XVIII Tab. A9 continued 207 Pb/ 206
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XX Appendix B Plate B1 Cathodolumin
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XXII Plate B3 Cathodoluminescence i
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XXIV Plate B5 Cathodoluminescence i
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XXVI Tab. C2 Determination of the
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XXVIII
Page 160 and 161:
XXX
Page 162 and 163:
XXXII
Page 164 and 165:
XXXIV
Page 166 and 167:
XXXVI Tab. C5 continued Sample grai
Page 168 and 169:
XXXVIII Tab. C5 continued Sample gr
Page 170 and 171:
XL Tab. C5 continued Sample grain-n
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XLII Tab. C5 continued Sample grain
Page 174 and 175:
XLIV
Page 176 and 177:
XLVI Tab. C6 Zircon fission track a
Page 178 and 179:
XLVIII
Page 182 and 183:
LII
Page 184:
LIV Tab. C7 Apatite and zircon fiss
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