NIH Research Festival 2012 Program - Research Festival - National ...

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Concurrent Symposia Session II Natcher Conference Center Balcony B Protective roles of omega-3 fatty acids in injury and diseases of brain and retina: translation from mechanisms to treatment potential Chair: Hee-Yong Kim, NIAAA It is now understood that the balance of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in food greatly influences lipid composition in the human body with far reaching health consequences. An important target of such dietary influence is the nervous system that is exceptionally enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid with 22 carbons and six double bonds. Here we focus on the molecular, cellular and functional consequences of DHA modulation in the brain and retina in the context of the disease and injury outcome. DHA alters properties of cell membranes and may influence cell signaling via lipid-protein interaction. More recently, signaling by ligands that are derived from omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids has received particular attention. Clinical studies show that omega-3 fat deficiencies in the diet are correlated with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric risks. Hee-Yong Kim, NIAAA Molecular mechanisms for DHA-induced neuroprotection: implications for treatment and prevention in traumatic brain injury (TBI) Stanley Rapoport, NIA Imaging DHA incorporation into brain as a biomarker of in vivo metabolism and neurotransmission: implications for healthy aging S. Patricia Becerra, NEI Fatty acids as mediators for the PEDF activities in the retina John-Paul SanGiovanni, NEI Omega-3 fatty acids as protective agent against age-related macular degeneration (AMD): promising translational research Joseph Hibbeln, NIAAA Deficiencies in long-chain omega-3 fats and neurodevelopmental and psychiatric risks: applications for the US military Giorgi Kharebava, NIAAA Regulation of axonal morphogenesis by docosahexaenoic acid and its ethanolamide derivative, Synaptamide FARE Award Winner 28 Wednesday, October 10, 2012 10:00 a.m.–Noon
Concurrent Symposia Session II Natcher Conference Center Balcony C Molecular tools: using chemistry to see, wrestle, unravel, and trap biology Co-Chairs: Amy Newman, NIDA; and Dan Appella, NIDDK Using chemistry to discover biology in action that purveys across disciplines at the NIH. Amy Newman has developed fluorescent ligands to visualize the dopamine transporter in dopaminergic neurons and watch trafficking into the cell to see biology associated with addiction. Jay Schneekloth is studying the small ubiquitin-like modifier, Sumo, whose aberrant regulation is linked with carcinogenesis. Small molecules that inhibit sumoylation enzymes will aid in the understanding of sumo conjugation. Hans Luecke designed a chemical genetic strategy to interrogate lysine acetylation events mediated by specific cellular Histone Acetyltransferase (HAT) enzymes. This strategy has been used with small molecule activity-based HAT modulators to unravel genomic targets of eukaryotic HAT domains. Finally, the HIV envelope is a dynamic target that undergoes sequential conformational changes that support membrane fusion and infection. Carole Bewley will describe chemical tools to study the HIV entry process that can inform the design of inhibitors acting on novel targets during the entry process. Amy Newman, NIDA Fluorescent tropane-based tools to see monoamine transporters in action Jay Schneekloth, NCI Wrestling with protein sumoylation using small molecule probes Hans Luecke, NIDDK Unraveling Epigenetics: Chemical Probes of Lysine Acetylation Networks Carole Bewley, NIDDK Using chemistry to trap anti-infective targets Dan Appella, NIDDK Discussant Preethi Chandran, NICHD Virus-mimic DNA nanoparticles have hollow shell architecture FARE Award Winner Wednesday, October 10, 2012 10:00 a.m.–Noon 29
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