Common Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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RUE FAMILY (RUTACEAE) 102. Espino rubial, white-prickle, Martinique pr ~ickly-ash Zanthoxglum rnartinicense (Lam.) DC. This medium-sized tree is characterized by: (1) the very stout conical spines %-1 inch long and bronc1 on the smoothish light gray trunk a!ld usually smaller spines on the twigs; (2) the pinnate leaves \\-it11 7-19 stalkless oblong to Innceshaped leaflets 11h-5 inches long and inches broad, very finely wavy marg~ned, and wit11 minute gland dots; (3) many small greenish-white 5-parted flowers ?i6 inch long and broad; and (4) the dry fruits, deeply 6-parted, M inch long and 5i6 inch broad, drlrlr brown. An evergreen tree becoming 20-65 feet in height and 18 inches in trunk diameter, with thin spreading cro\vn. The bark is smoothish, light gray, about l,!' inch thick, with spines on larger trees becoming 2 inclles long and broad. Inner bark brown, \\.it11 cit1~1.s spicy taste and also slightly gritty. The twigs are gray, stout, brittle, minutely bristly hairy when young, usually spiny with many stout gray splrles inch long. The alternate leaves are 61.2 inches long, the ases and midribs finely hairy and often spiny. The leaflets are short-pointed to rounded at apex, sliglltly oblique at base, thin, upper surface green and hairless, lorn-er surface paler and minutely hairy on veins. Flower clusters (panicles) are terminal and lateral, much branched, 2-6 inches long and broad, bearing many almost stallrless flowers, male and female on different trees (dioecious) . There are 5 minute sepals; 5 spreacling petals; in male flowers 5 stamens longer than petals; and in female flowers a pistil with deeply 5-lobed 5-celled ova~y and 6-lobed stigma. The fruits nre deeply 5-parted, each part (follicle) splitting open and with 1 nesrly rou~id shiny black seed % inch long. Flowering and fruiting from spring to fall. The sapwood is whitish, and the he:irtwood light, yellow to light yellowish brown. The wood is of medium weigllt (specific gravity 0.46), hard, of medium to fine texture, with growth rings clearly defined, but without distinctive figure. It is vary susceptible to attack by dry-wood termites and other insects and is not durable \\.here exposed. Tho rate of air-seasonin is rapid, but the amount of degrade is considerab 7 e. RIachining characteristics are as follows : planing, shaping, boring, and inort king are fair; turning and sanding are poor; and resistance to screw splitting is good. Because of the small size of the remaining trees, the moo
102. Esplno rubial, whiteprickle, Martiniclue prickly-ash ZantAo~grylum martinicsnec (Lam.) DO. Two-thirds natural size.
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COMMON TREES OF PUERTO RICO AND THE
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CONTENTS List of tree species with
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Pea subfamily-Continued 88. Tachuel
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Verbena family (Verbenaceae)- -----
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About 500 species of trees, from th
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y him from trees and living materia
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evergreen if in full letif tlirougl
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Occnrsence in the Virgin Islands is
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nearly tliroughout the tropics, inc
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drawing and comparing the specimen
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Within the area described are four
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It is thus seen that more than thre
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within these forests. About 2,500,0
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SPECIA Common tree species of Puert
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When the plant family of a tree is
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ff. Stipules outside petiole. g. Le
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PART 2. LEAVES ALTERNATE, COMPOUND
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PART 4. LEAVES OPPOSITE, COMPOUND A
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1. Helecho gigante, tree-fern Cyath
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2. Cnobllln, podocnrp Natural slze.
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3. Bambd, common bamboo Leafy twtg
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:ozo, prickly palm, Purrto Rico acr
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ACphanes acanthophycra (Mart.) Burr
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0. Palma do cnco, coconut 681-021 0
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7. Palma de sierra, sierra palt~r F
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8. Palma de lluvia Un~reeia atto~tt
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9. Palma real, royalpalm, Puerto Ri
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I de sombrero, Puerto Rlro pnl~riet
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11. Casuarina, Australian beef\%,oo
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12. Hlgullla Natural slze. Piper ad
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13. AzafrBn Two-thirds natural size
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- 14. Sauce, Humboldt rvillom 687-9
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15. Palo de cabrilln. West Indies t
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16. Gunclmilln. false jacocnlnlu. F
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17. Panapen, pann de pepitas, bread
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18. Jam, jackfrtiit Natural site. d
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19. Caucho. Central American rubber
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20. Tnglmlbo hembra tn~~~lpt-trw Ce
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21. Palo de goma, India-rubber Ag N
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22. Jagties blnnco, shortleaf fig 6
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23. Laurel de la India. India-laure
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24. Jagtiey colorado Natural size.
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25. Uvllla, doveplum Coccoloba divw
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Two-thirds natural size. Coccoloba
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28. Era de playa, seagrape Two-thir
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SO. Triplaris, anttree '3~4- One-ha
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81. Corcho bob0 Natural slze. Pisat
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32. Corcho blnnco, water mampoo Nat
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33. Corcho, black marnlm Torrubia f
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-- Natural size. YagnoIia portorice
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35. Laurel sabino T --- Two-thirds
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30. Gunndbunu cin~arrona, wild .sou
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Two-thirds natural size.
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38. Corazbn, custard-apple Natural
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30. Anbn, sugar-apple Natural size.
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Natural size. Cananga odorata (Lam.
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41. Haya minga Natural size.
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Natural size. Bcffuchnticdia po~dtt
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43. Canelilla Llcaria 8alicifofoIia
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44. IBnlo do ~~~isanteeo, GlilP lic
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45. Laurel nrispillo, Jamnlcn nectn
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Natural size. Ocotea crrrrcata (Orl
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47. Laurel espada Natural size. Oco
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45. Laurel geo Two-thirds natural s
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One-half natural size. Ocotea mosch
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Natural size. Ocotea spatliulata Ne
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51. Ayacnte, avocado Two-thlrds nat
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Two-thirds natural size. Hernandia
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53. Burro prieto, Jamaica caper Nat
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M. Resedd, horseradish-tree 687-021
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Two-thirds natural size. Br~rneltta
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Natural size. Weinrnannia pinnata L
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57. Icaquillo Natural size.
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58. Aroma, sweet acacia Natural stz
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59. Perodaa, jumbiebead One-half na
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60. Acacia amarilla, tibet, lebbek
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61. Albizia. tall albizia Albizb pr
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02. Guam6, "sweetpea" Two-thirds na
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Two-thirds natural size. Inga qrcat
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64. Guaba Two-thirds natural size.
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&ti. Zarcilla, tantan, leadtree Two
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Two-thirds natural size. Pbtadenia
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87. Cojoba Natural slze. Pithecetto
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(18. Gum& merimno, yumuchll Natural
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Two-thirds natural slze. Pitltecell
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70. Bayahonda, n~esqulte 687-921 0-
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71. hfnrlposn, butterfly bauhlnia N
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72. Caiiaflstula, golden-shower Two
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73. Casia rosada, plnk cassia Two-t
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74. Casia de Siam. Siamese cassia C
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78. Flamboybn, flamboyant-tree Delo
Page 189 and 190: 76. Algarrobo, West-Indian-locust,
Page 191 and 192: 77. Pnlo de myo, Jerusalem-thorn Tw
Page 193 and 194: 78. Flambnyhn arnarillo, yellow fla
Page 195 and 196: Natural site. Stahlia mononpemta (T
Page 197 and 198: W. Tamnrindo, tatrlarind Natural sl
Page 199 and 200: 81. Moca cabbage angelin Two-thirds
Page 201 and 202: 82. Bucare emno, machette Two-thlrd
Page 203 and 204: 83. Bncare, swamp immortelle Two-th
Page 205 and 206: 84. Bncayo gigante, mountain immort
Page 207 and 208: 85. Mata-ratbn, mother-of-cocoa Nat
Page 209 and 210: Two-thlrds natural slze. Lonchocarp
Page 211 and 212: Two-thirds natural slze. Ormosia kr
Page 213 and 214: 88. Tachuelo, fustic Natural slze.
Page 215 and 216: 89. Pterocarpw, India padauk Two-th
Page 217 and 218: 90. Palo de pollo, swamp bloodwood
Page 219 and 220: Two-thirds natural size. Heaaania g
Page 221 and 222: Natural size. E~throz~Zon arcolatun
Page 223 and 224: 93. CuayacBn, common lignumvftae Tw
Page 225 and 226: v- - -- 94. Ouayadn blanco, holpmoo
Page 227 and 228: 05. Tea, sea amyris Natural size. A
Page 229 and 230: 06. Limbn ado, lime /!/ Natural slz
Page 231 and 232: 07. Naranja agria, sour omnge Natur
Page 233 and 234: 08. Limbn de eabm, lemon Natural sl
Page 235 and 236: 00. Toronja, grapefruit Natural slz
Page 237 and 238: 100. China, sweet orange Two-thirds
Page 239: 101. AceIffllo, yellow-sanders, yel
Page 243 and 244: 103. Palo rubio, yellow-prickle, ye
Page 245 and 246: 104. Onarema, bitterbush Natural si
Page 247 and 248: AlmBclgo, turpentine-tree, gumbo-li
Page 249 and 250: 106. Tt~bonuco Two-thirds natural s
Page 251 and 252: 101. Maaa Two-thlrds natural size.
Page 253 and 254: 108. Cedro hembra, Spanish-cedar Tw
Page 255 and 256: 109. Ouaraguao, American muakwoad N
Page 257 and 258: 110. Alelaila, chlnaberry 687-D210-
Page 259 and 260: 111, Caoba hondureaa, Hondurw mahog
Page 261 and 262: 112. Caoba dominicana, Dominican ma
Page 263 and 264: 118. Tlnaclo, broomstick Two-thirds
Page 265: Two-thlrdr natural dze. Trfchllia p
Page 268 and 269: MALPIGHIA FAMILY (MALPIGHLACEAE) 11
Page 270 and 271: 117. Violeta, violet-tree MILKWORT
Page 272 and 273: SPURGE FAMILY (EUPHORBIACEAE) Icey
Page 274 and 275: also in the moist limestone and moi
Page 276 and 277: SPURGE FAMILY (EUPHORBIACEAE) 120.
Page 286 and 287: Icacoq Culebra, Vie ues, St. Croix,
Page 288 and 289: een used to stupefy fish. The seeds
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SPURGE FAMILY (EUPHORBIACEAE) 127.
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128. Mil10 SPURGE FAMILY (EUPHORBLA
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SPURGE FAMILY (EUPHORBIACEAE) 129.
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CASHEW FAMILY (ANACARDLACEAE) Key t
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nlong ronds, nnd in 11-nste grounds
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escaping from cultivation and natur
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CASHEW FAMILY (ANACARDIACEAE) 133.
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136, Palo colorado, swamp cyrilla P
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BLADDERNUT FAMILY (STAPH~EACEAE) El
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SOAPBERRY FAMILY (SAPINDACEAE) Key
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SOAPBERRY FAMILY (SAPINDACEAE) 139.
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140, Quenepa, kinep, Spanish-lime S
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SOAPBERRY F M 141. Jaboncillo, wing
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SABIA FAMILY (SABIACEAE) 144. Agnac
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BUCKTHORN FAMILY (RHAMNACEAE) Key t
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BUCKTHORN FAMILY (RHAMNACEAE) 146,
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BUCKTHORN FAMILY (RHAMNACEAE) 147.
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BUCKTHORN FAMILY (RIIAMNACEAE) 148.
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149. Motillo A large tree of mounta
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MALLOW FAMILY (MALVACEAE) Key to th
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larger flowers about 4 inches long
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MALLOW FAMILY (MALVACEAE) 152. Emaj
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BOMBAX FAMILY (BOMBACACEAE) Key to
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egions and is commonest in the drie
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suitable for certain types of fruit
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CHOCOLATE FAMILY (STERCULIACEAE) Ke
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d d 7 majagua de toro (Mexico ; tap
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CHOCOLATE FAMILY (STERCULIACEAE) 15
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DILLENIA FAMILY (DILLEMACEAE) 159.
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160. Maricao verde This tree native
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MANGOSTEEN FAMILY (GUTTIFERAE) Key
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Introduced for ornament and shade i
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MANGOSTEEN FAMILY (GUTTIFERAE) 163.
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ANATTO FAMILY (BDLACEAE*) 166. Achi
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COCHLOSPERMUM FAMILY (COCHLOSPERMAC
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CANELLA FAMILY (CANELLACEAE) 168. B
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FLACoURTIA FAMILY (FLACOURTIACEAE)
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FLACOURTIA FAMILY (FLACOURTIACEAE)
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FLACOURTIA FAMILY (FLACOURTIACEAE)
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174. Lechosa, papaya PAPAYA FAMILY
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nal home unknown. Widely cultivated
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CACTUS FAMILY (CACTACEAE) 176. Tuna
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177. Majagua brava MEZEREON FAMILY
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178. Reina de Ias flores, queen-of-
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MANGROVE FAMILY (RHIZOPHORACEAE) 17
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CoMBRETUM FAMILY (COMBRETACEAE) Key
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COMBRETUM FAMILY (COMBRETACEAE) 181
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COMBRETUM FAMILY (COMBRETACEAE) 182
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183. MangIe blanco, white-mangrove
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COMBRETUM FAMILY 184. Almendra, Ind
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MYRTLE FAMILY (MYRTACEAE) Key to th
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tribution from Guadeloupe to southe
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MYRTLE FAMILY (MYRTACEAE) 187. Guas
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MYRTLE FAMILY (MYRTACEAE) 188. Poma
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189. Manzana malaya, Malay-apple Bl
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190, Hoja menuda, spiceberry eugeni
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MYRTLE FAMILY (MYRTACEAE) 191. Guay
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MYRTLE FAMILY (MYRTACEAE) 192. Cien
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MYRTLE FAMILY (MYRTACEAE) 193. Hoja
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MYRTLE FAMIL Y (MYRTACEAE) 194 Mala
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MYRTLE FAMILY (MYRTACEAE) 195. Guay
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MELASTOME FAMILY (MELASTOMATACEAE)
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198, Camasey MELASTOME FAMILY (MELA
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GINSENG FAMILY (ARALIACEAE) Key to
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GINSENG FAMILY (ARALIACEAE) 201. Ya
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MYRSINE FAMILY (MYRSINACEAE) Key to
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MYRSINE FAMILY (MYRSINACEAE) 203. M
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MYRsINE FAMILY (MYRSINACEAE) 204. B
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SAPODILLA FAMILY (SAPOTACEAE) Key t
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SAPODILLA FAMILY (SAPOTACEAE) 206.
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214. Tortugo amarillo, false-mastic
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SWEETLEAF FAMILY (SYMPLOCACEAE) 215
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f' . ' .. 216. Hueso blanco OLIVE F
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DOGBANE FAMILY (APOCYNACEAE) Key to
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WS, Frangipani DOGBANE FAMILY (APOC
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DOGBANE FAMILY (APOCYNACEAE) 219. P
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BORAGE FAMILY (BORAGINACEAE) Key to
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BORAGE FAMILY (BORAGINACEAE) 221. C
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A shrub or small tree known ns cere
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BORAGE FAMILY (BORAGINACEAE) 223. C
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BORAGE FAMILY (BORAGINACEAE) 224. M
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VERBENA FAMILY (VERBENACEAE) Key to
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m, Vieques, St. Croix, St.. Tliomns
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VERBENA FAMILY (VERBENACEAE) 227. P
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228. Cap6 blanco A small to medium-
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229. Teca, teak VERBENA FAMILY (VER
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230. Higiierillo, white fiddlewood
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NIGHTSHADE FAMILY (SOLANACEAE) 231.
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BIGNONIA FAMILY (BIGNONLACEAE) Key
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1 (Costa Rica) ; totumo, totumbo, c
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BIGNONIA FAMILY (BIGNONIACEAE) 234.
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hterophylla subsp. pallida (Miers)
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238. Roble amarillo, ginger-thomas
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Natural slze. Atrtfrhea obtusifolia
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240. Cafe, coffee Tw!-thirds natura
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241. Albarillo, Caribbean princewoo
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242. Cafefllo, false-coffee Two-thi
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243. Jngua, genipa Two-thirds natur
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244. Palo de cucubano, "greenheart,
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245. cafenlo Two-thlrds natural siz
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246. Morindn. painkiller 687-021 0-
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247. Tintillo, box-briar Natural si
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248. Juan tomb Natural size. Rondel
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Natural site. Terebrario reelnoea (
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Twe-thlrds natural size. Cllbadium
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nngelim morcequeira, 100 angelin, 1
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Bursera simaruba, HURSERdCEAE: 236
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chap60 de sol, 894 chapernlllo. 160
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Drypeter! ilicifolia, 268 Drupetea
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guava, wild, 412, 410, 614 guave, 4
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mamie, 354 mamieboom, 354 Mammea am
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orange, 226 orange amere, 220 orang
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possentrie, 278 possumtree, 278 pos
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sulfato, 180 tamarind, black, 160 s
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Common Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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