Beneficiary Participation in Irrigation Water Management: The Kerala

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particularly because such activities demanded high levels of mutual understanding and cooperation among their members. Distortion of the irrigation water distribution schedule, in order to confer undue advantage to the rich and the powerful, is a common place in irrigation commands everywhere in the world. The strategy designed and put into operation to counter this tendency, is the formation of BFAs, and WUAs, in order to strengthen the hands of small farmers. However, around 90 per cent of the respondents, both OBs and OMs, reported that no effort in this direction had taken place. Reasons for such non-performance could be several: (i) lack of scarcity of water (ii) organisational weakness, (iii) dominance of the rich and the powerful among the office bearers of BFAs and in the Canal Committee. The same office-bearers and committee members continued in office from year to year. Joint preparation of paddies for cultivation had not been attempted at all under the auspices of any BFA; however, a few farmer groups had in their traditional way followed this practice. Common nursery is an excellent group activity contemplated under the CADA Act. It was expected that BFAs would undertake the initial investment for the purpose and arrange timely supply of quality seedlings to all BFA members. Such an arrangement was expected to help poor farmers by giving them seedlings on credit or in extreme cases, free. By controlling supply of seedlings BFAs would be able to fix appropriate time for commencing group agricultural operations. The linkage with government and other agencies of development, which implied transmission of information from the farm level upwards and vice versa, was not maintained. BFAs did not have competent, committed leadership and lacked taut organisational structure. They were mere contrivances set up to avail the facility of foreign funds meant for minor civil work for rehabilitation of irrigation systems. 55
Table 4.15a Performance of Recurring Functions by BFAs: Non-performance (i) All Members 56
Page 1 and 2:
Beneficiary Participation in Irriga
Page 3 and 4: Contents 1 Introduction 5 2 Concept
Page 5 and 6: No serious in-depth study of the ca
Page 7 and 8: The Malampuzha project has 15 Canal
Page 9 and 10: 2. Concepts, Theory, and Practice o
Page 11 and 12: of a few man-days of labour as is s
Page 13 and 14: 3. Empirical Research on Irrigation
Page 15 and 16: Our interest is neither in the Prod
Page 17 and 18: The author points out how the press
Page 19 and 20: field level officers resemble the c
Page 21 and 22: fields and project demonstration fa
Page 23 and 24: To ameliorate the situation, the Eg
Page 25 and 26: development factors and processes,
Page 27 and 28: Canal Committee (CC) Canal Committe
Page 29 and 30: This fact was endorsed by both offi
Page 31 and 32: Renewal is given based on the lists
Page 33 and 34: Table 4.6 Details of General Body M
Page 35 and 36: Table 4.7 Details of Canal Committe
Page 37 and 38: Table 4.8 Nature of Decisions in Ca
Page 39 and 40: ecause of their vital importance to
Page 41 and 42: of the office-bearers and more than
Page 43 and 44: Table 4.13a Performance of Recurrin
Page 45 and 46: Table 4.13 c Performance of Recurri
Page 47 and 48: inclusion of ineligible persons in
Page 49 and 50: aspect. The reasons reported for in
Page 51 and 52: Table 4.14c Performance of Recurrin
Page 53: all farmers in an area did this act
Page 57 and 58: Table 4.15c Performance of Recurrin
Page 59 and 60: 5. Performance, Administration, and
Page 61 and 62: level of less than one-third [Table
Page 63 and 64: management function, with an expert
Page 65 and 66: the critical phases of growth of pl
Page 67 and 68: Lack of adequate co-operation of th
Page 69 and 70: The failure in the working of BFAs
Page 71 and 72: To sum up: past experience of the w
Page 73 and 74: Table 6.1 Measures of Reforms 74
Page 75 and 76: “Extending better official co-ope
Page 77 and 78: Table 6.3 Staying in the area of op
Page 79 and 80: (ii) Entrust water charges collecti
Page 81 and 82: 7. Summary and Conclusions Most irr
Page 83 and 84: of using less cement than is requir
Page 85 and 86: Appendix - I Number of Beneficiary
Page 87 and 88: Appendix III List of Canal Committe
Page 89 and 90: BFA Sample’ Name of C.C/BFA Reg.
Page 91 and 92: the assumed losses of 11 to 20 perc
Page 93 and 94: 34 The NIA was a government corpora
Page 95 and 96: References Bagodion, Benjamin U.
Page 97: Silva, De, N. G. R. “Involvement
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Beneficiary Participation in Irrigation Water Management: The Kerala

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