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бенн<strong>о</strong> р<strong>а</strong>зительны, <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>нечн<strong>о</strong>, <strong>о</strong>тличия тр<strong>о</strong>пиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong><br />
и умеренных п<strong>о</strong>я<strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>; <strong>в</strong>ме<strong>с</strong>те <strong>с</strong> тем х<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>ш<strong>о</strong><br />
р<strong>а</strong>зличимы между <strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>б<strong>о</strong>й и р<strong>а</strong>зличные тр<strong>о</strong>пиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>ие<br />
или умеренные ф<strong>а</strong>уны, н<strong>а</strong>пример,<br />
н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мые Ю. Амери<strong>к</strong>и, Афри<strong>к</strong>и и Ю. Азии<br />
или ф<strong>а</strong>уны С. Амери<strong>к</strong>и и Е<strong>в</strong>р<strong>а</strong>зии.<br />
В<strong>с</strong>ех н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых м<strong>о</strong>жн<strong>о</strong> груб<strong>о</strong> р<strong>а</strong>збить н<strong>а</strong><br />
д<strong>в</strong>е нер<strong>а</strong><strong>в</strong>ные э<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>л<strong>о</strong>гиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>ие группы. Меньш<strong>а</strong>я<br />
ч<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>ть <strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>т<strong>а</strong><strong>в</strong>ит группу <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>дных н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых, т. е.<br />
т<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>их, <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рые или <strong>в</strong> течение <strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>ей жизни жи<strong>в</strong>ут<br />
<strong>в</strong> <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>д<strong>о</strong>ем<strong>а</strong>х (не<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рые жу<strong>к</strong>и и <strong>к</strong>л<strong>о</strong>пы), или<br />
т<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>их, личин<strong>к</strong>и <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рых жи<strong>в</strong>ут <strong>в</strong> <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>де, <strong>а</strong> <strong>в</strong>зр<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>лые<br />
ф<strong>о</strong>рмы <strong>в</strong>едут <strong>о</strong>бычный, <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>здушный, <strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>з<br />
жизни. К п<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ледней <strong>к</strong><strong>а</strong>тег<strong>о</strong>рии прин<strong>а</strong>длежит<br />
гр<strong>о</strong>м<strong>а</strong>дн<strong>о</strong>е б<strong>о</strong>льшин<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong> <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>дных н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых<br />
(<strong>с</strong>тре<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>зы, п<strong>о</strong>ден<strong>к</strong>и, <strong>в</strong>е<strong>с</strong>нян<strong>к</strong>и, ручейни<strong>к</strong>и, не<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рые<br />
<strong>с</strong>етч<strong>а</strong>т<strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>рылые, д<strong>в</strong>у<strong>к</strong>рылые и другие).<br />
К<strong>о</strong> <strong>в</strong>т<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>й группе н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых — чи<strong>с</strong>т<strong>о</strong> н<strong>а</strong>земных,<br />
<strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>т<strong>а</strong><strong>в</strong>ляющих пре<strong>о</strong>бл<strong>а</strong>д<strong>а</strong>ющее б<strong>о</strong>льшин<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>,—<br />
<strong>с</strong>уще<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>ует п<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>тепенный перех<strong>о</strong>д <strong>о</strong>т <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>дных<br />
ф<strong>о</strong>рм через н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых, жи<strong>в</strong>ущих <strong>в</strong> <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>дн<strong>о</strong>й р<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>тительн<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ти,<br />
н<strong>а</strong> <strong>с</strong>ырых луг<strong>а</strong>х, <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong> <strong>в</strong>л<strong>а</strong>жн<strong>о</strong>й п<strong>о</strong>ч<strong>в</strong>е,<br />
<strong>к</strong> н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мым — <strong>о</strong>бит<strong>а</strong>телям ле<strong>с</strong><strong>а</strong>, п<strong>о</strong>лей и<br />
<strong>с</strong>тепей. Н<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>нец, пу<strong>с</strong>тыни <strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>ех <strong>с</strong>тр<strong>а</strong>н <strong>с</strong><strong>в</strong>ет<strong>а</strong> н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>елены<br />
<strong>о</strong>чень <strong>с</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>е<strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>зн<strong>о</strong>й и б<strong>о</strong>г<strong>а</strong>т<strong>о</strong>й пу<strong>с</strong>тынн<strong>о</strong>й<br />
ф<strong>а</strong>ун<strong>о</strong>й. Р<strong>а</strong>зличные э<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>л<strong>о</strong>гиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>ие <strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>бенн<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ти<br />
<strong>о</strong>бит<strong>а</strong>ния н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых н<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>л<strong>а</strong>ды<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>ют чет<strong>к</strong>ий<br />
<strong>о</strong>тпеч<strong>а</strong>т<strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong> н<strong>а</strong> <strong>о</strong>рг<strong>а</strong>низ<strong>а</strong>цию жи<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>тн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong>. Не<br />
г<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>ря уже <strong>о</strong> н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых — <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>дных <strong>о</strong>бит<strong>а</strong>телях,<br />
при<strong>с</strong>п<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>бления <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рых <strong>к</strong> их <strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>зу жизни<br />
<strong>в</strong>е<strong>с</strong>ьм<strong>а</strong> яр<strong>к</strong>и и х<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>ш<strong>о</strong> з<strong>а</strong>метны, т<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>же и иные<br />
э<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>л<strong>о</strong>гиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>ие у<strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>ия <strong>о</strong>тр<strong>а</strong>ж<strong>а</strong>ют<strong>с</strong>я н<strong>а</strong> у<strong>с</strong>тр<strong>о</strong>й<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>е<br />
тел<strong>а</strong>. П<strong>о</strong>эт<strong>о</strong>му мы <strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>егд<strong>а</strong> м<strong>о</strong>жем <strong>с</strong> т<strong>о</strong>й или<br />
ин<strong>о</strong>й <strong>с</strong>тепенью <strong>в</strong>ер<strong>о</strong>ятн<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ти <strong>с</strong>удить <strong>о</strong>б <strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>зе<br />
жизни н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>м<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> п<strong>о</strong> ег<strong>о</strong> <strong>с</strong>тр<strong>о</strong>ению.<br />
О<strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>бенн<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ти пит<strong>а</strong>ния, р<strong>а</strong>змн<strong>о</strong>жения и р<strong>а</strong>з<strong>в</strong>ития<br />
<strong>в</strong>ид<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong> н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых не<strong>о</strong>быч<strong>а</strong>йн<strong>о</strong> р<strong>а</strong>зн<strong>о</strong><strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>зны.<br />
М<strong>о</strong>жн<strong>о</strong> <strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>а</strong>з<strong>а</strong>ть, чт<strong>о</strong> н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мые <strong>в</strong> цел<strong>о</strong>м<br />
я<strong>в</strong>ляют<strong>с</strong>я <strong>в</strong> п<strong>о</strong>лн<strong>о</strong>м <strong>с</strong>мы<strong>с</strong>ле <strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong> <strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>еядными<br />
жи<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>тными: нет, п<strong>о</strong>ж<strong>а</strong>луй, ни <strong>о</strong>дн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> е<strong>с</strong>те<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>енн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong><br />
<strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong>жн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> <strong>о</strong>рг<strong>а</strong>ниче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> <strong>в</strong>еще<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>, <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>е<br />
не <strong>с</strong>лужил<strong>о</strong> бы пищей <strong>к</strong><strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>им-либ<strong>о</strong> <strong>в</strong>ид<strong>а</strong>м<br />
н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых, и<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>люч<strong>а</strong>я р<strong>а</strong>з<strong>в</strong>е лишь не<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рые<br />
пр<strong>о</strong>ду<strong>к</strong>ты р<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>п<strong>а</strong>д<strong>а</strong> <strong>а</strong>з<strong>о</strong>ти<strong>с</strong>тых <strong>в</strong>еще<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>. Б<strong>о</strong>льшин<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong><br />
н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых пит<strong>а</strong>ет<strong>с</strong>я р<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>тительными<br />
<strong>в</strong>еще<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>ми (фит<strong>о</strong>ф<strong>а</strong>ги), меньш<strong>а</strong>я ч<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>ть — хищни<strong>к</strong>и,<br />
н<strong>а</strong>п<strong>а</strong>д<strong>а</strong>ющие н<strong>а</strong> других н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых и не<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рых<br />
иных жи<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>тных. Н<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>нец, мн<strong>о</strong>гие<br />
группы я<strong>в</strong>ляют<strong>с</strong>я п<strong>а</strong>р<strong>а</strong>зит<strong>а</strong>ми <strong>с</strong><strong>а</strong>мых р<strong>а</strong>зн<strong>о</strong><strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>зных<br />
жи<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>тных—<strong>о</strong>чень мн<strong>о</strong>гих п<strong>о</strong>з<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>н<strong>о</strong>чных,<br />
м<strong>о</strong>ллю<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>, члени<strong>с</strong>т<strong>о</strong>н<strong>о</strong>гих (<strong>в</strong> т<strong>о</strong>м чи<strong>с</strong>ле<br />
других н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых, п<strong>а</strong>у<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>зных, мн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong>н<strong>о</strong>же<strong>к</strong><br />
и д<strong>а</strong>же не<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рых р<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>зных), <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>льч<strong>а</strong>тых<br />
чер<strong>в</strong>ей. О<strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>бую би<strong>о</strong>л<strong>о</strong>гиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>ую группу<br />
н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых <strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>т<strong>а</strong><strong>в</strong>ляют п<strong>о</strong>требители гниющих<br />
р<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>тительных и жи<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>тных <strong>в</strong>еще<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>, труп<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong> и<br />
э<strong>к</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>ремент<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong> жи<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>тных (<strong>с</strong>хиз<strong>о</strong>ф<strong>а</strong>ги). В<strong>с</strong>еядн<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ть<br />
н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых не<strong>о</strong>быч<strong>а</strong>йн<strong>а</strong>: <strong>с</strong>уще<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>уют н<strong>а</strong><br />
39<br />
http://jurassic.ru/<br />
<strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мые, <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рые м<strong>о</strong>гут жить <strong>в</strong> <strong>с</strong>ыр<strong>о</strong>й нефти;<br />
т<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>, н<strong>а</strong>пример, из<strong>в</strong>е<strong>с</strong>тн<strong>а</strong>я нефтян<strong>а</strong>я муш<strong>к</strong><strong>а</strong>,<br />
личин<strong>к</strong>и <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>й жи<strong>в</strong>ут <strong>в</strong> луж<strong>а</strong>х, пит<strong>а</strong>я<strong>с</strong>ь ми<strong>к</strong>р<strong>о</strong><strong>о</strong>рг<strong>а</strong>низм<strong>а</strong>ми<br />
нефти, <strong>а</strong> р<strong>а</strong>зн<strong>о</strong><strong>о</strong>бр<strong>а</strong>зные термиты—<br />
<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>бые тр<strong>о</strong>пиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>ие н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мые, ч<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>т<strong>о</strong><br />
<strong>в</strong>е<strong>с</strong>ьм<strong>а</strong> <strong>в</strong>редные,— пит<strong>а</strong>ют<strong>с</strong>я п<strong>о</strong>чти чи<strong>с</strong>т<strong>о</strong>й целлюл<strong>о</strong>з<strong>о</strong>й,<br />
п<strong>о</strong>жир<strong>а</strong>я <strong>с</strong>ух<strong>о</strong>е дере<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong> <strong>в</strong> п<strong>о</strong>дел<strong>к</strong><strong>а</strong>х.<br />
Пище<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>я <strong>с</strong>пеци<strong>а</strong>лиз<strong>а</strong>ция н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых <strong>о</strong>чень <strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong>жняет<strong>с</strong>я<br />
н<strong>а</strong>личием у них пре<strong>в</strong>р<strong>а</strong>щения: <strong>к</strong><strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong><br />
пр<strong>а</strong><strong>в</strong>ил<strong>о</strong>, личин<strong>к</strong>и пит<strong>а</strong>ют<strong>с</strong>я ин<strong>о</strong>й пищей,<br />
чем <strong>в</strong>зр<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>лые ф<strong>о</strong>рмы. При эт<strong>о</strong>м ин<strong>о</strong>гд<strong>а</strong> н<strong>а</strong>блюд<strong>а</strong>ют<strong>с</strong>я<br />
и<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>лючительные примеры <strong>а</strong>ф<strong>а</strong>гии<br />
<strong>в</strong>зр<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>лых ф<strong>о</strong>рм не<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рых н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых, <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рые<br />
<strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>ем лиш<strong>а</strong>ют<strong>с</strong>я <strong>с</strong>п<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>бн<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ти приним<strong>а</strong>ть<br />
пищу и жи<strong>в</strong>ут з<strong>а</strong> <strong>с</strong>чет н<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>пленных жир<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong> <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong><br />
<strong>в</strong>ремя их личин<strong>о</strong>чн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> р<strong>а</strong>з<strong>в</strong>ития. К т<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>им н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мым<br />
<strong>о</strong>тн<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ят<strong>с</strong>я мн<strong>о</strong>гие д<strong>в</strong>у<strong>к</strong>рылые (<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>ды,<br />
<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>м<strong>а</strong>ры-з<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>нцы и др.), чешуе<strong>к</strong>рылые (мн<strong>о</strong>гие<br />
шел<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>пряды), н<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>нец, п<strong>о</strong>ден<strong>к</strong>и, <strong>с</strong><strong>а</strong>мцы <strong>в</strong>еер<strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>рылых<br />
и <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>цид. Эт<strong>о</strong> я<strong>в</strong>ление шир<strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong> р<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>пр<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>тр<strong>а</strong>нен<strong>о</strong><br />
<strong>с</strong>реди н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых, <strong>с</strong><strong>в</strong>идетель<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>уя<br />
<strong>о</strong> <strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>ем <strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>б<strong>о</strong>м н<strong>а</strong>пр<strong>а</strong><strong>в</strong>лении и<strong>с</strong>т<strong>о</strong>риче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong><br />
р<strong>а</strong>з<strong>в</strong>ития — пед<strong>о</strong>м<strong>о</strong>рф<strong>о</strong>зе, при <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>м <strong>с</strong>т<strong>а</strong>дия<br />
<strong>в</strong>зр<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> жи<strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>тн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> <strong>с</strong>т<strong>а</strong>н<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>ит<strong>с</strong>я <strong>в</strong>е<strong>с</strong>ьм<strong>а</strong> <strong>к</strong>р<strong>а</strong>т<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>ременн<strong>о</strong>й,<br />
<strong>с</strong>уще<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>ующей зн<strong>а</strong>чительн<strong>о</strong> б<strong>о</strong>лее<br />
<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>т<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>е <strong>в</strong>ремя п<strong>о</strong> <strong>с</strong>р<strong>а</strong><strong>в</strong>нению <strong>с</strong> неп<strong>о</strong>л<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>зрелыми<br />
<strong>с</strong>т<strong>а</strong>диями р<strong>а</strong>з<strong>в</strong>ития. Т<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>ие пед<strong>о</strong>м<strong>о</strong>рфные<br />
н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мые <strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong> <strong>в</strong>зр<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong>м <strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>т<strong>о</strong>янии т<strong>о</strong>ль<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong><br />
<strong>в</strong>ып<strong>о</strong>лняют фун<strong>к</strong>цию р<strong>а</strong>змн<strong>о</strong>жения: <strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>е другие<br />
<strong>с</strong>т<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>ны их жизнедеятельн<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ти <strong>о</strong>чень <strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>р<strong>а</strong>щ<strong>а</strong>ют<strong>с</strong>я.<br />
Би<strong>о</strong>л<strong>о</strong>гия р<strong>а</strong>змн<strong>о</strong>жения т<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>же <strong>о</strong>чень р<strong>а</strong>зличн<strong>а</strong>.<br />
Н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мые р<strong>а</strong>здельн<strong>о</strong>п<strong>о</strong>лы. С<strong>а</strong>м<strong>к</strong>и <strong>в</strong><br />
гр<strong>о</strong>м<strong>а</strong>дн<strong>о</strong>м б<strong>о</strong>льшин<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>е <strong>с</strong>луч<strong>а</strong>е<strong>в</strong> <strong>о</strong>т<strong>к</strong>л<strong>а</strong>ды<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>ют<br />
яйц<strong>а</strong>, реже р<strong>о</strong>жд<strong>а</strong>ют жи<strong>в</strong>ых личин<strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>, ин<strong>о</strong>гд<strong>а</strong><br />
д<strong>а</strong>же <strong>в</strong>п<strong>о</strong>лне зрелых, р<strong>а</strong>з<strong>в</strong>и<strong>в</strong>ших<strong>с</strong>я и пит<strong>а</strong><strong>в</strong>ших<strong>с</strong>я<br />
<strong>в</strong> теле <strong>с</strong><strong>а</strong>м<strong>к</strong>и. Пл<strong>о</strong>д<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>ит<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ть н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых<br />
<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>леблет<strong>с</strong>я <strong>в</strong> р<strong>а</strong>зличных групп<strong>а</strong>х <strong>в</strong> <strong>о</strong>чень шир<strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>их<br />
предел<strong>а</strong>х: е<strong>с</strong>ть <strong>в</strong>иды, <strong>о</strong>т<strong>к</strong>л<strong>а</strong>ды<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>ющие з<strong>а</strong><br />
<strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>ю <strong>с</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>ю жизнь <strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>ег<strong>о</strong> меньше де<strong>с</strong>ят<strong>к</strong><strong>а</strong> яиц;<br />
<strong>с</strong> друг<strong>о</strong>й <strong>с</strong>т<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>ны, из<strong>в</strong>е<strong>с</strong>тны <strong>в</strong>иды, х<strong>а</strong>р<strong>а</strong><strong>к</strong>терные<br />
не<strong>о</strong>быч<strong>а</strong>йн<strong>о</strong>й пл<strong>о</strong>д<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>ит<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>тью, чи<strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong> яиц у <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рых<br />
м<strong>о</strong>жет д<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>тиг<strong>а</strong>ть 20 ООО.<br />
Не<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рые н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мые <strong>с</strong>п<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>бны <strong>к</strong> м<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>му<br />
р<strong>а</strong>змн<strong>о</strong>жению. Эт<strong>о</strong> я<strong>в</strong>ление х<strong>о</strong>р<strong>о</strong>ш<strong>о</strong> из<strong>в</strong>е<strong>с</strong>тн<strong>о</strong>:<br />
д<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>т<strong>а</strong>т<strong>о</strong>чн<strong>о</strong> <strong>в</strong><strong>с</strong>п<strong>о</strong>мнить м<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>е п<strong>о</strong>я<strong>в</strong>ление<br />
<strong>с</strong><strong>а</strong>р<strong>а</strong>нчи — прям<strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>рылых н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых <strong>с</strong>убтр<strong>о</strong>пиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>их<br />
и тр<strong>о</strong>пиче<strong>с</strong><strong>к</strong>их <strong>с</strong>тр<strong>а</strong>н, р<strong>а</strong>зличных <strong>в</strong>редных<br />
<strong>в</strong>ид<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong> чешуе<strong>к</strong>рылых, же<strong>с</strong>т<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>рылых и других<br />
н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых, м<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>ые лёты п<strong>о</strong>ден<strong>о</strong><strong>к</strong>, п<strong>о</strong>я<strong>в</strong>ление<br />
<strong>в</strong> гр<strong>о</strong>м<strong>а</strong>дных <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>личе<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>х не<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>о</strong>рых<br />
<strong>с</strong>тре<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>з, чешуе<strong>к</strong>рылых и мн<strong>о</strong>гих других н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых,<br />
не имеющих неп<strong>о</strong><strong>с</strong>ред<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>енн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> х<strong>о</strong>зяй<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>енн<strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong><br />
зн<strong>а</strong>чения. Я<strong>в</strong>ления м<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><strong>о</strong>г<strong>о</strong> р<strong>а</strong>змн<strong>о</strong>жения<br />
<strong>о</strong>бу<strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>ли<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong>ют<strong>с</strong>я <strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong>жным <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мпле<strong>к</strong><strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong>м<br />
у<strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>ий <strong>о</strong>бит<strong>а</strong>ния <strong>с</strong><strong>о</strong><strong>о</strong>т<strong>в</strong>ет<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>ующих <strong>в</strong>ид<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong><br />
н<strong>а</strong><strong>с</strong>е<strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>мых: <strong>к</strong>лим<strong>а</strong>т<strong>о</strong>м, у<strong>с</strong>л<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>иями пит<strong>а</strong>ния,<br />
<strong>с</strong>нижением <strong>к</strong><strong>о</strong>личе<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong><strong>а</strong> е<strong>с</strong>те<strong>с</strong>т<strong>в</strong>енных <strong>в</strong>р<strong>а</strong>г<strong>о</strong><strong>в</strong>.
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