Aplicación de la biología molecular en alergia a alimentos

polvo, insectos, caracoles y nemátodos 45,46 . Por otra parte, se
conoce la existencia de RC entre moluscos, crustáceos y
determinados insectos, causada por determinantes carbohidratados
que reaccionan de forma cruzada (CCD), si bien
su trascendencia clínica es más que dudosa 47 .
Otros síndromes de reactividad cruzada
Aunque en este caso no se trate de RC entre especies
distantes, conviene mencionar otros síndromes encuadrados
dentro de la RC entre aeroalergenos y alimentos. En primer
lugar, el síndrome ave-huevo, que destaca por su trascendencia
clínica 48 . Se caracteriza por la asociación entre reacciones
alérgicas por ingestión de huevo y alergia respiratoria
por inhalación de antígenos derivados de aves, siendo
más frecuente en pacientes adultos. Se ha identificado a la
seroalbúmina de aves o α-livetina como la responsable de
esta RC 49 .
Del mismo modo, se ha descrito la asociación de alergia
respiratoria a animales con reacciones alérgicas por
ingestión de carne. Un ejemplo es el síndrome gato-cerdo,
en el que pacientes con alergia respiratoria a gato presentan
reacciones por ingestión de carne de cerdo 50 . En éste y en
otros casos de reacciones cruzadas por ingestión de carnes
parece estar implicada la seroalbúmina animal.
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