international bibliography of vegetation maps - KU ScholarWorks ...
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SOUTH AMERICA<br />

14. Mediterranean type <strong>vegetation</strong><br />

15. "Monte" xerophil bush<br />

a. Salt swamp<br />

16. Patagonian steppe<br />

17. Semi-desert<br />

18. Waterless desert<br />

BARTHOLOMEW, JOHN<br />

19. Fresh water swamp<br />

20. Southern limit <strong>of</strong> Hevea (wild<br />

rubber)<br />

21. Southern limit <strong>of</strong> quebracho<br />

22. Extent <strong>of</strong> yerba mate<br />

195 0 The advanced atlas <strong>of</strong> modern geography. London, Meiklejohn<br />

and Son, Ltd.; and New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc. p. 98.<br />

1950 "VEGETATION OF SOUTH AMERICA"<br />

in color 1:20,000,000<br />

LEGEND<br />

I. Humid Forests<br />

A. Lowland tropical rainforests<br />

1. Amazon-Guiana rainforest: latex-and nut-yielding plants<br />

a. Amazon várzea jungle (alluvial flood plain): oil-nut and fiberbearing<br />

palms<br />

2. Colombia-Panamá rainforest: palms<br />

3. Dyewood-palm rainforest <strong>of</strong> Caribbean: dyewoods<br />

4. Brazil coast rainforest: dyewoods<br />

5. Mixed savanna-rainforest (northeast South America): palms, latexand<br />

nut-bearing trees<br />

B. Montaña rainforest (e.g., eastern slopes <strong>of</strong> Andes): wax-yielding palms,<br />

other plants<br />

C. Semideciduous upland forest (Brazil and eastern Bolivia and northwest<br />

Argentina)<br />

1. Mixed semideciduous forest-xerophytic scrub<br />

D. Middle latitude mixed forests<br />

1. Beech-conifer forest (southern Chile)<br />

2. Oak-conifer forest (highlands <strong>of</strong> Central America and Caribbean<br />

Islands)<br />

3. Oak forest (highlands <strong>of</strong> Costa Rica and Panama)<br />

4. Araucaria forests<br />

II. Savanna<br />

A. Sapote jungle <strong>of</strong> southern Yucatan<br />

B. Shrub-palm savanna (llanos <strong>of</strong> Orinoco Basin, campos <strong>of</strong> central Brazil,<br />

and savannas <strong>of</strong> Central America and Caribbean Islands)<br />

1. Palm forests <strong>of</strong> eastern Maranhão<br />

C. Guiana coast swamp savanna: mangrove swamp, palms and sedges<br />

D. Swamp-palm savanna (Mojos plains; Paraná-Paraguay flood plain)<br />

E. Pine-palm savanna (Caribbean area)<br />

III. Xerophytic Scrub<br />

A. Caatinga scrub forest (northeast Brazil) : palms, dyewoods, balsam, and<br />

nut-bearing plants<br />

B. Pod-bearing leguminous scrub forest and scrub steppe<br />

1. Scrub steppe (monte)<br />

2. Patagonian scrub steppe and desert<br />

3. Scrub forest <strong>of</strong> Gran Chaco<br />

IV. Prairie Grasslands<br />

A. Pampa grassland: grasses and shrubs<br />

386

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