7. Bibliografia (References) Andelman, S.J. & Fagan, W.F. (2000) Umbrellas and flagships: Efficient conservation surrogates or expensive mistakes? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 97, 5954-5959. Anderson, R.P. (2003) Real vs. Artefactual absences in species distributions: tests for Oryzomys albigularis (Rodentia: Muri<strong>da</strong>e) in Venezuela. Journal of Biogeography, 30, 591-605. Anderson, R.P., Peterson, A.T. & Gómez-Laverde, M. (2002) Using niche-based GIS modeling to test geographic predictions of competitive exclusion and competitive release in South American pocket mice. Oikos, 98, 3-16. Araújo, M.B. (1999) Distribution patterns of biodiversity and the design of a representative reserve network in Portugal. Diversity and Distributions, 5, 151-163. Araújo, M.B. (2004) Matching species with reserves - uncertainties from using <strong>da</strong>ta at different resolutions. Biological Conservation, 118, 533-538. Araújo, M.B., Thuiller, W., Williams, P.H. & Reginster, I. (<strong>2005</strong>) Downscaling European species atlas distributions to a finer resolution: implications for conservation planning. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 14, 17-30. Araújo, M.B. & Williams, P.H. (2000) Selecting areas for species persistence using occurrence <strong>da</strong>ta. Biological Conservation, 96, 331-345. Austin, M.P. (1998) An ecological perspective on biodiversity investigations: examples from Australian eucalypt forests. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 85, 2-17. Austin, M.P., Nicholls, A.O. & Margules, C.R. (1990) Measurement of the realized qualitative niche: environmental niches of five Eucalyptus species. Ecological Monographs, 60, 161-177. Azevedo, E.B. (1996) Modelação do Clima Insular à Escala Local. Modelo CIELO aplicado à ilha Terceira. PhD Thesis, Universi<strong>da</strong>de <strong>dos</strong> <strong>Açores</strong>, Angra do Heroísmo. Azevedo, E.B. (2003) Projecto CLIMAAT - Clima e Meteorologia <strong>dos</strong> Arquipélagos Atlanticos. PIC Interreg_IIIB - Mac 2.3/ A3. Azevedo, E.B., Pereira, L.S. & Itier, B. (1999) Modelling the local climate in island environments: water balance applications. Agricultural Water Management, 40, 393-403. Beaumont, L.J., Hughes, L. & Poulsen, M. (<strong>2005</strong>) Predicting species distributions: use of climatic parameters in BIOCLIM and its impact on predictions of species’ current and future distributions. Ecological Modelling, in press. Borges, P.A.V., Aguiar, C., Amaral, J., Amorim, I.R., André, G., Arraiol, A., Baz, A., Dinis, F., Enghoff, H., Gaspar, C., Ilharco, F., Mahnert, V., Melo, C., Pereira, F., Quartau, J.A., Ribeiro, S., Ribes, J., Serrano, A.R.M., Sousa, A.B., Strassen, R.Z., Vieira, L., Vieira, V., Vitorino, A. & Wunderlich, J. (<strong>2005</strong>b) Ranking protected areas in the Azores using stan<strong>da</strong>rdized sampling of soil epigean arthropods. Biodiversity and Conservation, 14, 2029-2060. Borges, P.A.V., Azevedo, E.B. & Borba, A. (<strong>2005</strong>c) Biodiversi<strong>da</strong>de e conservação <strong>da</strong> natureza em ilhas oceânicas: o caso <strong>dos</strong> <strong>Açores</strong>. In Millenium Ecosystem Assessment - Portuguese Edition (ed E. H. M. Pereira et al.), pp. in press. Gradiva, Lisboa. Borges, P.A.V., Lobo, J.M., Azevedo, E.B., Gaspar, C., Melo, C. & Nunes, V.L. (<strong>2005</strong>a) Invasibility and species richness of island endemic arthropods: a general model of endemic vs. exotic species. Journal of Biogeography, in press. Borges, P.A.V. & Oromí, P. (<strong>2005</strong>) The Azores. In Encyclopaedia Biospeleologica. Tome Ia Amérique et Europe (<strong>eds</strong> C. Juberthie & V. Decu). Sociétè de Biospéleologie, Moulis. Borges, P.A.V., Serrano, A.R.M. & Amorim, I.R. (2004) New species of cave-dwelling beetles (Coleoptera: Carabi<strong>da</strong>e: Trechinae) from the Azores. Journal of Natural History, 38, 1303–1313. Borges, P.A.V., Serrano, A.R.M. & Quartau, J.A. (2000) Ranking the Azorean Natural Forest Reserves for conservation using their endemic arthropods. Journal of Insect Conservation, 4, 129-147. Brito, J.C., Crespo, E.G. & Paulo, O.S. (1999) Modelling wildlife distributions: Logistic Multiple Regression vs Overlap Analysis. Ecography, 22, 251-260. Brooks, T., <strong>da</strong> Fonseca, G.A.B. & Rodrigues, A.S.L. (2004a) Protected areas and species. Conservation Biology, 18, 616- 618. 108
Brooks, T., <strong>da</strong> Fonseca, G.A.B. & Rodrigues, A.S.L. (2004b) Species, <strong>da</strong>ta, and conservation planning. Conservation Biology, 18, 1682-1688. Brotons, L., Thuiller, W., Araújo, M.B. & Hirzel, A.H. (2004) Presence–absence versus presence-only based habitat suitability models for bird atlas <strong>da</strong>ta: the role of species ecology and prevalence. Ecography, 27, 285–298. Brown, J.H. (1984) On the relationship between abun<strong>da</strong>nce and distribution of species. American Naturalist, 124, 255-279. Brown, J.H. & Lomolino, M.V. (1998) Biogeography. Second edition Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, Massachussets. Brown, J.H., Stevens, G.C. & Kaufman, D.M. (1996) The geographic range: Size, shape, boun<strong>da</strong>ries, and internal structure. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 27, 597-623. Busby, J.R. (1991) BIOCLIM - A bioclimate analysis and prediction system. In Nature Conservation: Cost effective biological surveys and <strong>da</strong>ta analysis (<strong>eds</strong> C.R. Margules & M.P. Austin). CSIRO, Melbourne. Chapin III, F.S., Zavaleta, E.S., Eviner, V.T., Naylor, R.L., Vitousek, P.M., Reynolds, H.L., Hooper, D.U., Lavorel, S., Sala, O.E., Hobbie, S.E., Mack, M.V. & Díaz, S. (2000) Consequences of changing biodiversity. Nature, 405, 234-242. Chefaoui, R.M. (<strong>2005</strong>) Aplicación de los modelos de distribución potencial a la conservación de una especie protegi<strong>da</strong>: Graellsia isabelae (Lepidoptera: Saturnii<strong>da</strong>e). MSc, Universi<strong>da</strong>d Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid. Chefaoui, R.M., Hortal, J. & Lobo, J.M. (<strong>2005</strong>) Potential distribution modelling, niche characterization and conservation status assessment using GIS tools: a case study of Iberian Copris species. Biological Conservation, 122, 327-338. Clark Labs (2004) Idrisi Kilimanjaro version 14.02. GIS software package. Clark Labs, Clark University, Worcester, MA. Coope, G.R. (1994) The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 344, 19-26. Cota Rodrigues, F. (2002) Hidrogeologia <strong>da</strong> Ilha Terceira (<strong>Açores</strong>-Portugal). PhD Thesis, Universi<strong>da</strong>de <strong>dos</strong> <strong>Açores</strong>, Angra do Heroísmo. Cowling, R.M., Knight, A.T., Faith, D.P., Ferrier, S., Lombard, A.T., Driver, A., Rouget, M., Maze, K. & Desmet, P.G. (2004) Nature conservation requires more than a passion for species. Conservation Biology, 18, 1674-1676. Dark, S.J. (2004) The biogeography of invasive alien plants in California: an application of GIS and spatial regression analysis. Diversity and Distributions, 10, 1-9. Debinski, D.M., Ray, C. & Saveraid, E.H. (2001) Species diversity and the scale of the landscape mosaic: do scales of movement and patch size affect diversity? Biological Conservation, 98, 179-190. Dennis, R.L.H. & Shreeve, T.G. (2003) Gains and losses of French butterflies: test of predictions, under-recording and regional extinction from <strong>da</strong>ta in a new atlas. Biological Conservation, 110, 131-139. Dennis, R.L.H., Shreeve, T.G. & Williams, W.R. (1995) Affinity gradients among European butterflies: evidence and historical component to species distributions. Entomologist’s Gazette, 46, 141-153. Dennis, R.L.H., Sparks, T.H. & Hardy, P.B. (1999) Bias in butterfly distribution maps: the effects of sampling effort. Journal of Insect Conservation, 3, 33-42. Dennis, R.L.H. & Thomas, C.D. (2000) Bias in butterfly distribution maps: the influence of hot spots and recorder’s home range. Journal of Insect Conservation, 4, 73-77. Dimitriadis, S. & Cranston, P.S. (2001) An Australian Holocene climate reconstruction using Chironomi<strong>da</strong>e from a tropical volcanic maar lake. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 176, 109-131. Edwards, J.L., Lane, M.A. & Nielsen, E.S. (2000) Interoperability of biodiversity <strong>da</strong>tabases: biodiversity information on every desktop. Science, 289, 2312-2314. Eeley, H.A.C., Lawes, M.J. & Piper, S.E. (1999) The influence of climate change on the distribution of indigenous forest in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Journal of Biogeography, 26, 595-617. Engler, R., Guisan, A. & Rechsteiner, L. (2004) An improved approach for predicting the distribution of rare and en<strong>da</strong>ngered species from occurrence and pseudo-absence <strong>da</strong>ta. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41, 263-274. Ferrier, S., Watson, G., Pearce, J. & Drielsma, M. (2002) Extended statistical approaches to modelling spatial pattern in biodiversity in northeast New South Wales. I. Species-level modelling. Biodiversity and Conservation, 11, 2275-2307. Fielding, A.H. & Haworth, P.H. (1995) Testing the generality of bird-habitat models. Conservation Biology, 9, 1466-1481. 109
- Page 3 and 4:
LISTAGEM DA FAUNA E FLORA (Mollusca
- Page 5 and 6:
INICIATIVA COMUNITÁRIA INTERREG II
- Page 7 and 8:
ÍNDICE CONTENTS Prefácio Preface
- Page 9 and 10:
Hemiptera - Sternorrhyncha (Coccoid
- Page 11 and 12:
iodiversity scientific information
- Page 13:
1. INTRODUÇÃO INTRODUCTION
- Page 16 and 17:
outras em perigo. Essas alteraçõe
- Page 18 and 19:
Figura 3. Janela do ATLANTIS Tierra
- Page 20 and 21:
Estas questões mostram o pouco que
- Page 23:
2. DESCRIÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE TE
- Page 26 and 27:
Sumário: Os Açores constituem um
- Page 28 and 29:
particularmente no que se refere à
- Page 30 and 31:
1.1. As hepáticas, antocerotas e m
- Page 32 and 33:
Quadro 2. Riqueza de espécies (tot
- Page 34 and 35:
Schumacker comentário pessoal). Do
- Page 36 and 37:
Quadro 3. Riqueza de espécies (tot
- Page 38 and 39:
Quadro 4. Riqueza específica por i
- Page 40 and 41:
1.3. Malacofauna (Mollusca) Os Molu
- Page 42 and 43:
Figura 6. Frequência relativa (%)
- Page 44 and 45:
Quadro 6. Riqueza de espécies (tot
- Page 46 and 47:
Figura 8. Proporção dos principai
- Page 48 and 49:
pelo que deverá reflectir os padr
- Page 50 and 51:
Figura 11. Proporção de taxa end
- Page 52 and 53:
Figura 12. Curva acumulada da desco
- Page 54 and 55:
plantas vasculares endémicas terã
- Page 56 and 57:
A distribuição da riqueza em esp
- Page 58 and 59:
iii) um tipo pouco comum de distrib
- Page 60 and 61: Figura 18. Distribuição de frequ
- Page 62 and 63: em chegar a estas ilhas; ii) devido
- Page 64 and 65: a) Quantas espécies endémicas exi
- Page 66 and 67: mente conhecida (ver Gabriel 2000;
- Page 68 and 69: 5. Bibliografia (References) Allorg
- Page 70 and 71: Silva, L. (2001) Plantas vasculares
- Page 73 and 74: CAPÍTULO 3 CHAPTER 3 A UTILIZAÇÃ
- Page 75 and 76: 1. Introduction Nowadays, everybody
- Page 77 and 78: only ecological ones, as well as th
- Page 79 and 80: The problem of biodiversity data co
- Page 81 and 82: environmental conditions (i.e. mode
- Page 83 and 84: esults have to be handled with caut
- Page 85 and 86: Haworth 1995). Areas with high suit
- Page 87 and 88: a b c d Figura 2. Fotos das quatro
- Page 89 and 90: ii) Climate data comes from the CIE
- Page 91 and 92: et al. 2005) - niche-based envelope
- Page 93 and 94: environmental conditions where the
- Page 95 and 96: Quadro 1. Resultado das predições
- Page 97 and 98: models of the four endemic beetles.
- Page 99 and 100: The map for A. dolosus shows high s
- Page 101 and 102: Empirical validation of predictive
- Page 103 and 104: Many times, the absence of good inf
- Page 105 and 106: Quality and quantity of biological
- Page 107 and 108: Methodological developments. After
- Page 109: additional information on the absen
- Page 113 and 114: Hortal, J. & Lobo, J.M. (2001) A pr
- Page 115: Soberón, J. & Llorente, J. (1993)
- Page 119 and 120: 4.1 LISTA DOS BRIÓFITOS (Bryophyta
- Page 121 and 122: Bibliografia (References) Buck, W.R
- Page 123 and 124: D BRYOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 125 and 126: D BRYOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 127 and 128: D BRYOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 129 and 130: D BRYOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 131: D BRYOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 134 and 135: Notas explicativas A lista das plan
- Page 136 and 137: D PTERIDOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC G
- Page 138 and 139: D PTERIDOPHYTA / SPERMATOPHYTA AZ C
- Page 140 and 141: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 142 and 143: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 144 and 145: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 146 and 147: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 148 and 149: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 150 and 151: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 152 and 153: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 154 and 155: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 156 and 157: D SPERMATOPHYTA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC
- Page 159 and 160: 4.3 LISTA DOS MOLUSCOS (Mollusca) L
- Page 161 and 162:
D MOLLUSCA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA S
- Page 163:
D MOLLUSCA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA S
- Page 166 and 167:
1Universidade dos Açores, Dep. de
- Page 168 and 169:
BRANCHIOPODA, OSTRACODA, MALACOSTRA
- Page 170 and 171:
HEMIPTERA - CICADOMORPHA; FULGOROMO
- Page 172 and 173:
Notas explicativas A lista dos artr
- Page 174 and 175:
Bibliografia (References) Borges, P
- Page 176 and 177:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 178 and 179:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 180 and 181:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 182 and 183:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 184 and 185:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 186 and 187:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 188 and 189:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 190 and 191:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 192 and 193:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 194 and 195:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 196 and 197:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 198 and 199:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 200 and 201:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 202 and 203:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 204 and 205:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 206 and 207:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 208 and 209:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 210 and 211:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 212 and 213:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 214 and 215:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 216 and 217:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 218 and 219:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 220 and 221:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 222 and 223:
D ARTHROPODA AZ COR FLO FAI PIC GRA
- Page 225 and 226:
APÊNDICE 1 APPENDIX 1 LISTA DE ESP
- Page 227 and 228:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Lista
- Page 229 and 230:
Lampranthus falciformis (Haw.) R. B
- Page 231 and 232:
MOLLUSCA Relação de espécies cuj
- Page 233 and 234:
APÊNDICE 2 APPENDIX 2 ADIÇÕES E
- Page 235 and 236:
Lista de espécies da flora liqueno
- Page 237 and 238:
Celothelium ischnobelum (Nyl.) M. B
- Page 239 and 240:
Diplotomma ambiguum (Ach.) Flagey -
- Page 241 and 242:
Lecanora jamesii J.R. Laundon - (18
- Page 243 and 244:
Opegrapha vulgata Ach. - (5) Pannar
- Page 245 and 246:
Porina chlorotica f. tenuifera (Nyl
- Page 247 and 248:
Sclerophytonomyces circumscripti Ci
- Page 249:
Bibliografia (References): 1 - Aptr
- Page 252 and 253:
No caso dos vertebrados (Chordata),
- Page 254 and 255:
Espécies (Species) Qudsianematidae
- Page 256 and 257:
Espécies (Species) Rallidae Fulica
- Page 259 and 260:
BRYOPHYTA Índice Taxonómico / Tax
- Page 261 and 262:
BRYOPHYTA Índice Taxonómico / Tax
- Page 263 and 264:
BRYOPHYTA Índice Taxonómico / Tax
- Page 265 and 266:
BRYOPHYTA Índice Taxonómico / Tax
- Page 267 and 268:
BRYOPHYTA Índice Taxonómico / Tax
- Page 269 and 270:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 271 and 272:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 273 and 274:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 275 and 276:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 277 and 278:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 279 and 280:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 281 and 282:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 283 and 284:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 285 and 286:
PTERIDOPHYTA & SPERMATOPHYTA Índic
- Page 287 and 288:
MOLLUSCA Índice Taxonómico / Taxo
- Page 289 and 290:
MOLLUSCA Índice Taxonómico / Taxo
- Page 291 and 292:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 293 and 294:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 295 and 296:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 297 and 298:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 299 and 300:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 301 and 302:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 303 and 304:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 305 and 306:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 307 and 308:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 309 and 310:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 311 and 312:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 313 and 314:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 315 and 316:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 317 and 318:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta
- Page 319 and 320:
ARTHROPODA Índice Taxonómico / Ta