marina gariSvili, mariam xoferia romis samarTlis safuZvlebi ...

siZulvils principatis mimarT igi ar malavda. Tumca, labeonis piradi da samecniero avtoritetis
gamo, avgustusi mainc didi pativiscemiT epyroboda mas. momdevno periodis yvela gamoCenili iuristi
labeonis Sromebis citirebas axdenda. labeonma miaRwia pretorobas, Tumca, uari Tqva konsulobaze
da mTlianad samarTalmcodneobis srulyofa-ganviTarebaze muSaobda: 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi romSi
samarTals aswavlida, 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi ki sakuTar mamulSi naSromebs qmnida. Llabeonma dawera
40-mde naSromi (Cvenamde mxolod umniSvnelo nawyvetebma moaRwia), maT Soris: Ad Legem XII tabularum, Ad
edictum, (pretoruli ediqtis pirveli klasikuri komentarebi), De iure pontificio, Epistulae, Responsa, Pithana.
labeonis sicocxleSi gamouqveynebeli naSromebi ucnobma avtorma gamosca (libri posteriores).
9. modestinusi herenius (qr. Sobis 226-244 ww.) _ `klasikuri periodis~ erT-erTi ukanaskneli iuristi,
ulpianes moswavle, avtori samarTlis sxvadasxva dargis naSromebisa, romlebsac, xSir SemTxvevaSi,
damxmare saxelmZRvanelos an praqtikuli komentaris mniSvneloba hqondaT. modestinusi romSi
praefectus vigilimus movaleobas asrulebda. Vigilis iyo Zveli romis xanZarsawinaaRmdego razmi, romelic
Ramis saaTebSi sapolicio samsaxuris funqciebsac asrulebda. amrigad, saxanZro razmisa da sapolicio
samsaxuris ufrosis movaleoba praefectus praetoria-s Semdeg, faqtobrivad, meore Tanamdeboba iyo;
masve evaleboda samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlis iurisdiqciac. garda amisa, cnobilia, rom
modestinusi samarTals aswavlida maqsiminus umcross (imperator maqsiminus Trakielis vaJs, romelic,
238 wels, jariskacTa amboxis dros, mamasTan erTad akvileusis alyis dros mokles).
239 wels imperatorma markus antoninus gordianus mesamem mas ius respodendi-s, anu iuridiul sakiTxebze
daskvnebis micemis ufleba uboZa. modestinusma Seqmna naSromebi samarTlis yvela dargSi,
igi werda rogorc laTinur, ise berZnul enebze. misi Txzulebebi mosamarTle da samarTlis SemswavlelTaTvis
praqtikuli saxelmZRvaneloebi ufro iyo, vidre Teoriul-kvleviTi xasiaTis Sromebi.
modestinusis kalams ekuTvnis Semdegi Sromebi: Regulae, Responsa, Pandectae, De praescriptionibus.
modestinusis naSromebma (papinianusis, pavlusis, gaiusisa da ulpianes naSromebTan erTad), `citirebis
Sesaxeb~ 426 wlis kanoniT, citirebis ufleba moipoves da saqmeebis ganxilvis dros sasamarTloSi
uapelacio upiratesobiT sargeblobdnen.
10. marcelusi lucius ulpius (qr. Sobis II s.) – cnobili romaeli iuristi. marcelusi
imperatorebis antoninus piusisa da markus avreliusis mrCeveli gaxldaT. TanamedroveTa Soris igi,
sruliad damsaxurebulad, iTvleboda SorsmWvretel da gonier analitikosad. marcelusma
kritikulad gadaamuSava iulianes mravali debuleba da uaryo zogierTi maTgani. marcelusis
Txzulebebi, kerZod, misi `digestebi~ 31 wignad, Zalze popularul naSromad iTvleboda; pavlusi,
ulpiane, modestinusi, marciane, trifoninusi maT xSirad iyenebdnen, xolo kvintus cervidius
scevolam am TxzulebaTa komentarebi Seadgina.
11. pavlusi iulius (II saukunis bolo _ III saukunisis dasawyisi) _ cnobili romaeli iuristi,
scevolas mowafe. digestebis mTeli moculobis TiTqmis erT meeqvseds pavlusis TxzulebaTa nawyvetebi
Seadgens. 426 wels imperatorebma Teodosius II-m da valentiniane III-m gamosces kanoni, romlis
Tanaxmadac, sasamarTloebs pavlusis naSromTa citirebis ufleba da am naSromebis safuZvelze sasamarTlo
davebis ganxilvis uflebamosileba eZleodaT. pavlusi iyo advokati, mogvianebiT _ pretorianelTa
gvardiis prefeqtis asesori (Tanamdebobis piris TanaSemwe). am dros prefeqtis Tanamdeboba
papinianes ekava. Semdeg pavlusma magister memoriae-s maRali Tanamdeboba daikava (ganagebda princefsis
dRiurs, iwerda mis moxsenebebs da gankargavda mis korespondencias) da papinianesTan erTad saimperatoro
sabWos wevri gaxda; imperator aleqsandre severusis mmarTvelobis dros, Tavis kolega
ulpianesTan erTad, igi praefectus praetoriae gaxda. pavlusis kalams ekuTvnis 86 Txzuleba 319 wignad,
romelTa Sorisacaa neraciusis, iulianes, papinianes, scevolas Sromebisadmi miZRvnili SeniSvnebi
(Notae), Ad Plautium, Ad Sabinum-is komentarebi.
pavlusis mTavari naSromi Ad edictum erTdroulad pretoruli samarTlis normaTa komentaricaa da
maTi uzogadesi formulirebac. pavlusiseuli fragmentebis im nawilebis garda, romlebic iustinianes
digestebSia, nawilobriv SemorCenilia misi naSromi sententiae ad filium (Svilebisadmi micemuli
rCeva-darigebani), romelic didi popularobiT sargeblobda modevno saukuneebSi; pavlusis rCevadarigebebma
aseve, kanonis Zala SeiZina. aRniSnul naSromSi pavlusi samarTlis zogad sistemasa da
mis calkeul debulebebs mokled da gasagebad ayalibebs.
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