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interview - Italy-America Chamber of Commerce, Southeast

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FOCUS<br />

Man-Caused Disasters<br />

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON TOURISM<br />

BY RAFAEL A. SUAREZ<br />

Turning on your car engine, flying in a plane, mowing your lawn, going for a boat ride,<br />

turning on the lights when its dark out, cooking dinner, baking a cake, cooling down in<br />

an air conditioned area, turning the heater up when its cold, changing your car tires, and<br />

even using plastic utensils at a birthday party are all actions that directly or indirectly use<br />

petroleum or its derivatives.<br />

Over the years there has been a lot <strong>of</strong> pressure to fuel the energy needs <strong>of</strong> an expanding<br />

global population that has created a dependence on oil, gas and coal. This is due to the<br />

fact that other cleaner sources <strong>of</strong> energy such as wind, solar and wood among others,<br />

have been industries in slow development and popularity. Petrol companies and the<br />

petroleum industry in general, have played a particular role in delaying other forms <strong>of</strong><br />

energy generation and production, in turn affecting their popularity amongst the majority<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>America</strong>ns.<br />

Mettere in moto la macchina, viaggiare in aereo,<br />

tagliare il prato, fare un giro in barca, accendere la luce<br />

quando fuori é buio, preparare la cena, cucinare una<br />

torta, rinfrescarsi in una stanza con aria condizionata,<br />

alzare il termosifone quando fuori fa freddo, cambiare<br />

le gomme della propria auto o semplicemente usare<br />

posate di plastica ad una festa di compleanno, sono<br />

tutte azioni che direttamente o indirettamente usano<br />

petrolio o dei suoi derivati.<br />

Negli anni, l’aumento della popolazione mondiale,<br />

ha creato un maggiore fabbisogno di produzione<br />

di energia, causendo una dipendenza da olio, gas e<br />

carbone. Questa situazione è stata provocata anche<br />

dal lento sviluppo e dalla scarsa conoscenza di forme<br />

di energia piú pulite quali l’energia solare, eolica o<br />

dal legno. Compagnie e industrie petrolifere hanno<br />

giocato un ruolo particolare nel rallentare lo sviluppo<br />

di altre forme di energia influenzandone la popolaritá<br />

tra la maggioranza degli americani.<br />

Human-caused disasters derived from petroleum have harmed the human species and<br />

the environment in an atrophic way for decades. One <strong>of</strong> the most impressive humancaused<br />

disasters in the Eastern hemisphere was the grounding <strong>of</strong> Exxon’s oil tanker Exxon<br />

Valdez in Prince William Sound, Alaska in 1989. In this case, an oil tanker headed for<br />

Long Beach, California hit Prince William Sound's Bligh Reef and spilled an estimated<br />

minimum 10.8 million gallons <strong>of</strong> crude oil. This oil spread for many miles <strong>of</strong> shoreline<br />

severely affecting all marine and wildlife that was located in that area. The effects <strong>of</strong> the<br />

I disastri causati dall’uomo derivati dal petrolio hanno<br />

danneggiato per anni la specie umana e l’ambiente.<br />

Uno dei piú impressionanti disastri avvenuti<br />

nell’emisfero Orientale fu l’incidente alla petroliera<br />

Exxon Valdez nel Prince William Sound, in Alaska nel<br />

1989. La petroliera diretta a Long Beach, in California,<br />

urtó la barriera del Prince William Sound gettando in<br />

mare almeno 10,9 mila galloni di petrolio. La perdita si<br />

diffuse per diverse miglia lungo la costa danneggiando<br />

gravemente la vita marina dell’area. Ancora oggi gli<br />

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