VOJAÅ KA ZGODOVINA MILITARY HISTORY - Amis.net

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Podčastniška šola VKJ v Sarajevu, 1928– razvrstitev po verskipripadnostimuslimani), besedilo pa je bilo predpisano vPravilu službe. Zvestobo so izrekali kralju indomovini, seveda s sklicevanjem na boga. Častnikiin podčastniki so podpisovali pisno prisegoz datumom podpisa, ki so jo shranili vkadrovski mapi. Vojaška prisega v srbščini seje glasila takole:»Ja, (ime i prezime), zaklinjem se svemogučimBogom, da ću Vrhovnom zapovedniku sve vojnesile, Kralju Jugoslavije Petru Drugom, svagdai u svim prilikama biti veran, svom dušomodan i poslušan, da ću se za Kralja i Otadžbinujunački boriti, da vojničku zakletvu nigde inikada neću izneveriti i da ću sve zapovedi svihpretpostavljenih mi starešina slušati i vernoizvršavati. Tako mi Bog pomagao!«Slovenski prevod bi bil takšen:»Jaz, (ime in priimek), prisegam pri vsemogočnemBogu, da bom vrhovnemu poveljniku oboroženihsil, kralju Jugoslavije Petru Drugemu,vedno in v vseh okoliščinah zvest, z vso dušopredan in pokoren, da se bom pogumno bojevalza kralja in domovino, da nikoli in nikjer nebom prelomil vojaške prisege in da bom ubogalvse ukaze nadrejenih starešin in jih zvesto izvrševal.Tako mi Bog pomagaj!«Slovenski rekrutni kontingent je štel približno7.000 vojakov na leto, zato lahko sklepamo,da je v obdobju 1920–1941 v VKJ služilo150.000 vojakov, do 2.000 podčastnikov in častnikovter 21 generalov – admiralov.VKJ Non-Commissioned Officer School in Sarajevo, 1928arrangement in accordance with the religious affiliationin the Slovenian language. There were 533 Slovenian“Spaniards”; however, only 22 of them returned tothe homeland.Army of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats andSlovenes (SHS) – the Kingdom of Yugoslavia(1919–1941)Soldiers – recruits took the military oath collectively,on parade (according to their religious affiliation),before priests of all religious denominations(Mile Bjelajac, Vojska SHS/Jugoslavije, Belgrade,1994 – a photograph from Sarajevo, 1928, Non-Commissioned Officer School – arrangement of studentsaccording to their religious affiliation:“Orthodox, Catholic, Jewish and Muslim), whilethe words themselves were prescribed by the Rulesof Service. Loyalty was sworn to the king and thehomeland, of course by appealing to God. Officersand non-commissioned officers signed a writtenoath, with the date of the signature, which waskept in the personnel file. The military oath in theSerbian language was worded as follows: “Ja, (imei prezime), zaklinjem se svemogučim Bogom, daću Vrhovnom zapovedniku sve vojne sile, KraljuJugoslavije Petru Drugom, svagda i u svim prilikamabiti veran, svom dušom odan i poslušan, da ćuse za Kralja i Otadžbinu junački boriti, da vojničkuzakletvu nigde i nikada neću izneveriti i da ću svezapovedi svih pretpostavljenih mi starešina slušati iverno izvršavati. Tako mi Bog pomagao!”M I L I T A R Y H I S T O R Y • 143
Mobiliziranci v italijansko vojsko(1927–1943)Menil sem, da je bila vojaška prisega slovenskihmobilizirancev v italijansko vojsko v obdobju1927–1943 precej različna, odvisna odnarodnosti posameznih vojakov, posebno še,ker je šlo za imperialno vojsko (agresija na Etiopijo,Albanijo, Jugoslavijo itn.), vendar smo izzgodovinske pisarne oddelka za splošne zadeveVrhovnega vojaškega poveljstva v Rimu, sposredovanjem prof. dr. Jožeta Pirjevca, januarja2008 dobili (Knjiga I., Disciplinske obveznosti– Generalne obveznosti vsakega vojaka,Vojaška prisega) skoraj enaka besedila iz trehrazličnih obdobij leta 1873, 1942 in 1952 (brezomembe kralja), ki se v italijanščini glasijo:»Giuro d'èssere fedele al Re ed ai suoi Realisuccessori, di osservare lealmente lo Statuto ele altre leggi dello Stato, e di adempire tuttii doveri del mio stato, al solo scopo del beneinseparabile del Re e della Patria.«Prevod v slovenščino je takšen:»Prisegam, da bom zvest kralju in njegovimnaslednikom, da bom pošteno izvrševal odredbeustave in drugih državnih zakonov in izpolnjevalvse obveznosti do moje države, z edinimnamenom zvesto služiti kralju in domovini.«Nezanesljive primorske rojake so pošiljali vdelavske bataljone ali pa v enote na kašnemotoku – številni so namreč preprosto dezertirali.Italijanskih mobilizirancev naj bi bilopribližno 70.000, številni od njih pa so v letih1941–1943 kot ujetniki zahodnih sil v Afrikiprestopili v NOV (prekomorske enote), del tudiv Jugoslovansko vojsko zunaj domovine. NekajPrimorcev se je po letu 1941 pridružilo tudigrškim in albanskim partizanom.V nasprotju z navadnimi vojaki, ki niso prisegalipred Bogom, so italijanski fašisti (odmladeži do posebnih enot – črnosrajčnikov)prisegali zvestobo svojemu ideološkemu vodjiduceju – Benitu Mussoliniju tudi pred Bogom,z besedami:»Nel nome d'Iddio e dell'Italia, giuro di eseguiregli ordini del Duce e di servire, con tutte lemie forze e, se è necessario, con mio sangue,lacausa della rivoluzione fascista«.English translation:“I, (name and surname), swear by God Almighty,to be always and in all circumstances loyal, deeplydevoted and obedient to the Supreme Commanderof the Armed Forces, King of Yugoslavia, Peter II;to heroically fight for the King and the homeland;to never and nowhere break the military oath; andto obey and faithfully fulfil all orders given by mysuperiors. So help me God!”As the Slovenian recruitment contingent numberedapproximately 7,000 soldiers annually, wemay assume that in the period from 1920 to 1941approximately 150,000 soldiers, up to 2,000 noncommissionedofficers and officers and 21 generals/admiralsserved in the Army of the Kingdom ofYugoslavia (VKJ).Soldiers mobilised to the Italian Army(1927–1943)I thought the military oath of the Slovenian soldiersmobilised to the Italian Army in the periodfrom 1927 to 1943, particularly with regard to thefact that this was an Imperial Army (aggression onEthiopia, Albania, Yugoslavia, etc.), would differaccording to the nationality of soldiers. However,in January 2008, with the help of Prof. Dr. JožePirjevec, I obtained almost identical texts (Book I,Disciplinary Requirements – General Responsibilitiesof Every Soldier, Military Oath) from three differentperiods (1873, 1942 and 1952 – the text from thelast period includes no mention of the King) from theSupreme Military Command, Department of GeneralAffairs, of the Historical Office in Rome. The texts inthe Italian language are worded as follows:“Giuro d’èssere fedele al Re ed ai suoi Reali successori,di osservare lealmente lo Statuto e le altre leggidello Stato, e di adempire tutti i doveri del mio stato,al solo scopo del bene inseparabile del Re e dellaPatria”.In the English language the content is the following:“I pledge loyalty to the King and his descendants. Iswear to dutifully implement constitutional ordersand other state laws and fulfil all obligations to mycountry, with the single intention of loyally servingthe King and the homeland.”Unreliable fellow countrymen from the Primorskaregion, many of whom simply deserted, were sent to144 • V O J A Š K A Z G O D O V I N A
Page 2 and 3: VOJAŠKAZGODOVINAMILITARYHISTORYŠt
Page 6 and 7: so že zapriseženi«. Isti slovar
Page 8 and 9: general history. It is, however, le
Page 10 and 11: na evangelij ali pa srebrni križ.
Page 12 and 13: English translation:The Oath“May
Page 14 and 15: »Med to vojno želim prostovoljno
Page 16 and 17: niso hoteli postati srbski državlj
Page 20 and 21: V slovenskem prevodi se to glasi ta
Page 22 and 23: Madžarska kvislinška vojska, 1941
Page 24 and 25: del »SS-čet in policije«. To pom
Page 26 and 27: Ob prvi prisegi so bili navzoči (g
Page 28 and 29: dan, so se zbrali v gozdu v Metavi
Page 30 and 31: okupator in domači izdajalci. V te
Page 32 and 33: Federativne Republike Jugoslavije i
Page 34: Osnovni viriARS - ortneški grašč

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