Parasites of Fish from the Great Lakes - Great Lakes Fishery ...

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Parasitological studies have been done only once on 19 Lake Erie fish species (Anguilla rostrata, Lythrurus umbratilis, Moxostoma anisurum, M. erythrurum, Esox masquinongy, Erimyzon sucetta, Ameiurus natalis, Noturus miurus, Lepomis cyanellus, L. humilis, Etheostoma caeruleum, E. exile, Nocomis micropogon, Umbra limi, Salvelinus fontinalis, S. namaycush, Notropis anogenus, Cottus cognatus, and Morone americana) and 27 other species have been studied only twice (Acipenser fulvescens, Moxostoma macrolepidotum, Noturus gyrinus, Campostoma anomalum, Notemigonus crysoleucas, Notropis buccatus, N. heterodon, Opsopoeodus emiliae, Pimephales notatus, P. promelas, Rhinichthys cataractae, R. obtusus, Hypentelium nigricans, Ameiurus melas, Esox americanus, Fundulus diaphanus, Labidesthes sicculus, Lepomis megalotis, Ammocrypta pellucida, Etheostoma blennioides, E. flabellare, E. nigrum, Percina caprodes, P. maculata, Minytrema melanops, Moxostoma aureolum, Apollonia melanostoma). Nine studies have been performed on the parasites of Micropterus dolomeui, 10 studies each on Osmerus mordax and Aplodinotus grunniens, 13 studies on Morone chrysops, and 19 studies have reported on the parasites of Perca flavescens. Parasitological studies have not yet been conducted on the following 29 fish species from Lake Erie: Ichthyomyzon fossor, I. unicuspis, Petromyzon marinus, Lepisosteus oculatus, Hybopsis hankinsoni, Luxilus chrysocephalus, Margariscus margarita, Nocomis biguttatus, Notropis rubellus, Phoxinus eos, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Catostomus catostomus, Erimyzon oblongus, Ictiobus cyprinellus, Moxostoma duquesnei, M. valenciennesi, Noturus stigmosus, Pylodictis olivaris, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, O. kisutch, O. mykiss, O. tshawytscha, Salmo trutta, Aphredoderus sayanus, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Myoxocephalus thompsonii, Chaenobryttus gulosus, Percina shumardi, and Proterorhinus marmoratus. Fish Families—Parasite Species-Richness, Parasite Analyses The values for parasite species-richness and number of fish species examined (in parentheses) regardless of stage for each of the five major fish families were Centrarchidae (76, 10), Cyprinidae (47, 23), Catostomidae (54, 9), Percidae (64, 13), and Salmonidae (14, 4). The correlation coefficient between species-richness and number of fish species examined for each family using these values for all five families was nonsignificant (rs = 0.300). Parasites only found in centrarchids were protozoans (Trichodina domerguei, Chloromyxum gibbosum, Henneguya ohioensis, Myxobolus gibbosus, M. inornatus, M. kostiri, M. osburni), adult digenetic trematodes (Caecinicola parvulus, Phyllodistomum lohrenzi, Proterometra macrostoma, Rhipidocotyle papillosum), monogeneans (Actinocleidus bakeri, A. oculatus, A. recurvatus, Clavunculus unguis, Cleidodiscus alatus, C. similis, C. uniformis, C. venardi, Gyrodactylus macrochiri, Lyrodiscus longibasus, L. rupestris, Onchocleidus chautauquaensis, O. ferox, O. helicis, Syncleithrium fusiformis, Tetracleidus banghami, T. capax, T. longus, T. stentor), adult cestodes (Proteocephalus fluviatilis), larval/immature nematodes (Spiroxys sp.), adult acanthocephalans (Pomphorhynchus rocci), leeches (Placobdella montifera), copepods (Lernaea cruciata), and molluscs (Anondonta sp.). Parasite species only found in cyprinids were protozoans (Ceratomyxa sp., Myxobolus algonquiensis, M. aureatus, M. burti, Myxobolus pendula, Thelohanellus notatus, Zschokkella sp.), adult digenetic trematodes (Allocreadium 288
lobatum), larval/immature digenetic trematodes (Neascus rhinichthys), monogeneans (Cleidodiscus brachus, Dactylogyrus anchoratus, D. extensus, D. vastator, Pseudocolpenteron pavlovskii), adult cestodes (Khawia iowensis), and adult nematodes (Skrjabinocapillaria bakeri). Parasites only found in catostomids were protozoans (Trypanoplasma catostomi, Myxobolus bibullatum, M. conspicuous, M. rotundum), adult digenetic trematodes (Lissorchis attenuatus, Phyllodistomum lysteri), monogeneans (Acolpenteron catostomi, Anonchohaptor anomalus, A. muelleri, Cleidodiscus pricei, Dactylogyrus urus, Gyrodactylus spathulatus, Icelanonchohaptor fyviei, I. microcotyle, Neodiscocotyle carpioditis, Octomacrum lanceatum, Pellucidhaptor angularis, P. eremitus, P. microcanthus, Pseudomurraytrema copulatum, P. moxostomi), adult cestodes (Biacetabalum sp., Glaridacris catostomi, Hypocaryophyllaeus paratarius, Spartoides wardi), adult nematodes (Camallanus ancylodirus, Philometroides nodulosa, Rhabdochona milleri, R. ovifilamenta), larval nematodes (Philonema sp.); adult acanthocephalans (Neoechinorhynchus carpiodi, N. crassus, N. cristatus, Octospinifer macilentus), and leeches (Actinobdella inequiannulata). Parasites only found in percids were protozoans (Trichodina urinaria, Henneguya doori, Myxobolus scleroperca), adult digenetic trematodes (Allocreadium boleosomi, Bunodera sacculata, B. lucioperca, Prosorhynchoides pusilla), larval digenetic trematodes (Apophallus brevis, Tylodelphys scheuringi), monogeneans (Aethycteron malleus, Urocleidus aculeatus, U. adspectus), adult cestodes (Bothriocephalus formosus, Triaenophorus stizostedionis), larval/immature nematodes (Hysterothylacium brachyurum, Raphidascaris acus), and copepods (Ergasilus luciopercarum). Parasites only found in salmonids were adult cestodes (Proteocephalus exiguus, P. wickliffi), larval cestodes (Diphyllobothrium laruei, Eubothrium crassum, Schistocephalus sp.), adult nematodes (Cystidicola stigmatura, Cystidicoloides ephemeridarum), and adult acanthocephalans (Neoechinorhynchus tumidus). The parasite taxonomic groups, by numbers and percentages, for each of the five major fish families from Lake Erie are in Table 22. The parasite group(s) (in parentheses) most common in each fish family were: Cyprinidae (digenetic trematodes followed by myxozoans), Catostomidae (monogeneans followed by digenetic trematodes), Centrarchidae (digenetic trematodes and monogeneans), Percidae (digenetic trematodes followed by cestodes), and Salmonidae (cestodes followed by digenetic trematodes). The numbers and percentages of autogenic and allogenic helminth species (in parentheses) for each fish family, respectively, were Centrarchidae (32 species, 76%; 10 species, 24%), Cyprinidae (17 species, 71%; 7 species, 29%), Catostomidae (22 species, 76%; 7 species, 24%), Percidae (37 species; 77%, 11 species, 23%), and Salmonidae (7 species, 64%; 4 species, 36%). Jaccard Coefficients of Parasite Communities—Fish Families The fish families and the species (in parentheses) involved in calculating Jaccard coefficients of parasite-community similarity were Centrarchidae (Ambloplites rupestris, Lepomis cyanellus, L. gibbosus, L. humilis, L. macrochirus, L. megalotis, Micropterus dolomieu, M. salmoides, Pomoxis annularis, P. nigromaculatus), Cyprinidae (Campostoma anomalum, Carassius auratus, Cyprinella spiloptera, C. whipplei, Cyprinus carpio, Luxilus cornutus, Lythrurus umbratilis, Macrhybopsis storeriana, Nocomis micropogon, Notemigonus crysoleucas, Notropis anogenus, 289
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Parasites of Fish from the Great La
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Parasites of Fish from the Great La
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Table of Contents OVERVIEW ........
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PREFACE There has been no comprehen
Page 10 and 11:
fish species examined and parasites
Page 12 and 13:
changed, especially some monogenean
Page 14 and 15:
Table 1, continued. Scientific name
Page 16 and 17:
Table 1, continued. Scientific name
Page 18 and 19:
most similar among fish or fish fam
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Nematodes Ten species of adult nema
Page 22 and 23:
Fish Families—Parasite Species-Ri
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namaycush, and cyprinids. Of the 41
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suitable host and matures. We are n
Page 28 and 29:
Table 2. Overall number, percentage
Page 30 and 31:
Table 3, continued Myxozoa (Myxospo
Page 32 and 33:
Table 3, continued. Myxobolus neuro
Page 34 and 35:
Table 3, continued. Adult Digenea (
Page 36 and 37:
Table 3, continued. Site of Infecti
Page 38 and 39:
Table 3, continued. Strigeidae Rail
Page 40 and 41:
Table 3, continued. Oncorhynchus ts
Page 42 and 43:
Table 3, continued. Diphyllobothrii
Page 44 and 45:
Table 3, continued. Host: Catostomu
Page 46 and 47:
Table 3, continued. Cystidicolidae
Page 48 and 49:
Table 3, continued. Raphidascaris a
Page 50 and 51:
Table 3, continued. Quimperiidae Ba
Page 52 and 53:
Table 3, continued. Osmerus mordax:
Page 54 and 55:
Table 3, continued. Rhadinorhynchid
Page 56 and 57:
Table 3, continued. Host: Coregonus
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Table 3, continued. Host: Oncorhync
Page 60 and 61:
Table 5. Fishes by family and speci
Page 62 and 63:
Table 5, continued. Ictaluridae Ame
Page 64 and 65:
Table 5, continued. Coregonus spp.
Page 66 and 67:
Table 5, continued. Cottus bairdii
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Table 5, continued. Hirudinea: Dess
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Digenetic Trematodes This parasite
Page 72 and 73:
Fish Species—Parasite Analyses Th
Page 74 and 75:
The numbers and percentages of auto
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Cestodes Eubothrium crassum, E. rug
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Most fish species examined for para
Page 80 and 81:
Table 8, continued. Ciliophora (Cil
Page 82 and 83:
Table 8, continued. Myxobolus burti
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Table 8, continued. Coregonus hoyi:
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Table 8, continued. Phyllodistomum
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Table 8, continued. Host: Luxilus c
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Table 8, continued. Tylodelphys sch
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Table 8, continued. Urocleidus acul
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Table 8, continued. Diclybothriidae
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Table 8, continued. Tetraonchus var
Page 98 and 99:
Table 8, continued. Host: Catostomu
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Table 8, continued. Proteocephalus
Page 102 and 103:
Table 8, continued. Host: Coregonus
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Table 8, continued. Triaenophorus n
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Table 8, continued. Truttaedacnitis
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Table 8, continued. Coregonus arted
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Table 8, continued. Philonema oncor
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Table 8, continued. Host Ambloplite
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Table 8, continued. Coregonus arted
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Table 8, continued. Neoechinorhynch
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Table 8, continued. Neoechinorhynch
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Table 8, continued. Ergasilus cotti
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Table 8, continued. Salmincola sisc
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Table 9, continued. Larval/Immature
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Table 9, continued. Esocidae Esox l
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Table 9, continued. Coregonus kiyi
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Table 9, continued. Larval/Immature
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Table 9, continued. Centrarchidae A
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Table 10. Numbers and percentages (
Page 136 and 137:
Fish Species—Parasite Analysis Tw
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Table 12, continued. Crepidostomum
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Table 12, continued. Cryptogonimus
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Table 12, continued. Host: Esox luc
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Table 12, continued. Spinitectus sp
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Table 12, continued. Pomphorhynchid
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Table 13, continued. Catostomidae C
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Table 13, continued. Lepomis macroc
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Sixteen species of myxozoans repres
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Acanthocephalans Sixteen species of
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The parasite group(s) (in parenthes
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(2), Ergasilus caeruleus (7), E. lu
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Nematodes Hysterothylacium brachyur
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Fish Families—Parasite Communitie
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Table 14, continued. Host: Luxilus
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Table 14, continued. Myxobolus burt
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Table 14, continued. Catostomus com
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Table 14, continued. Host: Luxilus
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Table 14, continued. Lepomis gibbos
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Table 14, continued. Allacanthochas
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Table 14, continued. Phyllodistomum
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Table 14, continued. Plagioporus si
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Table 14, continued. Diplostomidae
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Table 14, continued. Salvelinus nam
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Table 14, continued. Sander canaden
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Table 14, continued. Ambloplites ru
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Table 14, continued. Culaea inconst
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Table 14, continued. Ligictaluridus
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Table 14, continued. Urocleidus ala
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Table 14, continued. Dactylogyrus d
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Table 14, continued. Host: Coregonu
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Table 14, continued. Gyrodactylus g
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Table 14, continued. Etheostoma nig
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Table 14, continued. Eubothrium sal
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Table 14, continued. Cottus bairdii
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Table 14, continued. Larval/Immatur
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Table 14, continued. Catostomus cat
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Table 14, continued. Triaenophorida
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Table 14, continued. Adult Nematoda
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Table 14, continued. Capillaria cat
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Table 14, continued. Oncorhynchus t
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Table 14, continued. Percopsis omis
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Table 14, continued. Rhabdochona ca
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Table 14, continued. Raphidascaris
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Table 14, continued. Spinitectus gr
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Table 14, continued. Rhabdochonidae
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Table 14, continued. Host: Petromyz
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Table 14, continued. Salvelinus fon
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Table 14, continued. Pungitius pung
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Table 14, continued. Neoechinorhync
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Table 14, continued. Perca flavesce
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Table 14, continued. Hirudinea (Lee
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Table 14, continued. Ergasilidae No
Page 246 and 247: Table 14, continued. Ergasilus vers
Page 248 and 249: Table 14, continued. Salmincola ext
Page 250 and 251: Table 15. Fishes by family from Lak
Page 252 and 253: Table 15, continued. Cyprinus carpi
Page 254 and 255: Table 15, continued. Monogenea: Dac
Page 256 and 257: Table 15, continued. Catostomidae C
Page 258 and 259: Table 15, continued. Adult Acanthoc
Page 260 and 261: Table 15, continued. Immature Acant
Page 262 and 263: Table 15, continued. Oncorhynchus m
Page 264 and 265: Table 15, continued. Adult Nematoda
Page 266 and 267: Table 15, continued. Fundulidae Fun
Page 268 and 269: Table 15, continued. Adult Acanthoc
Page 270 and 271: Table 15, continued. Lepomis macroc
Page 272 and 273: Table 15, continued. Adult Cestoda:
Page 274 and 275: Table 15, continued. Gobiidae Apoll
Page 276 and 277: Percina caprodes, Sander vitreus, A
Page 278 and 279: Table 18, continued. Clinostomidae
Page 280 and 281: Table 18, continued. LAKE ST CLAIR
Page 282 and 283: Table 18, continued. Strigeidae Rai
Page 284 and 285: Table 18, continued. Salvelinus nam
Page 286 and 287: Table 18, continued. Spiroxys sp. S
Page 288 and 289: Table 18, continued. DETROIT RIVER
Page 290 and 291: Table 19, continued. Salmonidae Cor
Page 292 and 293: Parasite Species—Overview LAKE ER
Page 294 and 295: Cestodes Twenty-four species of adu
Page 298 and 299: N. atherinoides, N. buccatus, N. he
Page 300 and 301: mordax in Lake Erie. Mass mortaliti
Page 302 and 303: Copepods Copepods (Argulus catostom
Page 304 and 305: Table 20. Parasites reported in fis
Page 306 and 307: Table 20, continued. Capriniana sp.
Page 308 and 309: Table 20, continued. Myxobolus cons
Page 310 and 311: Table 20, continued. Sphaerosporida
Page 312 and 313: Table 20, continued. Host: Osmerus
Page 314 and 315: Table 20, continued. Perca flavesce
Page 316 and 317: Table 20, continued. Azygia longa (
Page 318 and 319: Table 20, continued. Host: Micropte
Page 320 and 321: Table 20, continued. Host: Aplodino
Page 322 and 323: Table 20, continued. Microcreadium
Page 324 and 325: Table 20, continued. Host: Amia cal
Page 326 and 327: Table 20, continued. Unknown Family
Page 328 and 329: Table 20, continued. Lepomis gibbos
Page 330 and 331: Table 20, continued. Ictalurus punc
Page 332 and 333: Table 20, continued. Host: Esox luc
Page 334 and 335: Table 20, continued. Etheostoma exi
Page 336 and 337: Table 20, continued. Percina copela
Page 338 and 339: Table 20, continued. Unknown Family
Page 340 and 341: Table 20, continued. Axinidae Unnit
Page 342 and 343: Table 20, continued. Dactylogyrus a
Page 344 and 345: Table 20, continued. Lyrodiscus sem
Page 346 and 347:
Table 20, continued. Tetracleidus c
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Table 20, continued. Gyrodactylidae
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Table 20, continued. Percina caprod
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Table 20, continued. Tetraonchidae
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Table 20, continued. Bothriocephalu
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Page 358 and 359:
Page 360 and 361:
Table 20, continued. Amphicotylidae
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Table 20, continued. Schistocephalu
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Pomoxis nigromaculatus: Bangham 197
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Table 20, continued. Triaenophorus
Page 368 and 369:
Table 20, continued. Cyprinella whi
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Table 20, continued. Etheostoma ble
Page 372 and 373:
Page 374 and 375:
Table 20, continued. Micropterus do
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Table 20, continued. Philometra sp.
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Table 20, continued. Unknown Family
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Table 20, continued. Dioctophymatid
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Table 20, continued. Philometridae
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Table 20, continued. Superfamily Sp
Page 386 and 387:
Table 20, continued. Neoechinorhync
Page 388 and 389:
Table 20, continued. Octospinifer m
Page 390 and 391:
Table 20, continued. Pomoxis annula
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Table 20, continued. Lepomis gibbos
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Table 20, continued. Lepomis cyanel
Page 396 and 397:
Table 20, continued. Sander glaucum
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Table 20, continued. Lernaea crucia
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Table 20, continued. Mollusca (Moll
Page 402 and 403:
Table 21, continued. Adult Cestoda:
Page 404 and 405:
Page 406 and 407:
Table 21, continued. Notemigonus cr
Page 408 and 409:
Table 21, continued. Monogenea: Uni
Page 410 and 411:
Table 21, continued. Adult Acanthoc
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
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Table 21, continued. Umbridae Umbra
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Table 21, continued. Gadidae Lota l
Page 420 and 421:
Page 422 and 423:
Page 424 and 425:
Page 426 and 427:
Table 21, continued. Percidae Ammoc
Page 428 and 429:
Page 430 and 431:
Table 21, continued. Adult Cestoda:
Page 432 and 433:
Table 21, continued. Hirudinea: Act
Page 434 and 435:
Table 23. Jaccard coefficients of p
Page 436 and 437:
Table 25. Fishes by family from the
Page 438 and 439:
Aspidobothreans Cotylogaster occide
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The 49 fish species from Lake Ontar
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Parasite species or a specific genu
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Cestodes Several adult cestodes (Eu
Page 446 and 447:
Parasite Host Specificity—Jaccard
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Table 26, continued. Host: Anguilla
Page 450 and 451:
Table 26, continued. Myxobolus bart
Page 452 and 453:
Table 26, continued. Microspora (Mi
Page 454 and 455:
Table 26, continued. Crepidostomum
Page 456 and 457:
Table 26, continued. Cryptogonimida
Page 458 and 459:
Table 26, continued. Host: Ictaluru
Page 460 and 461:
Table 26, continued. Cryptogonimida
Page 462 and 463:
Table 26, continued. Etheostoma exi
Page 464 and 465:
Table 26, continued. Apophallus ven
Page 466 and 467:
Table 26, continued. Actinocleidus
Page 468 and 469:
Table 26, continued. Cleidodiscus s
Page 470 and 471:
Table 26, continued. Onchocleidus a
Page 472 and 473:
Table 26, continued. Onchocleidus s
Page 474 and 475:
Table 26, continued. Urocleidus ads
Page 476 and 477:
Table 26, continued. Dactylogyrus b
Page 478 and 479:
Table 26, continued. Gyrodactylidae
Page 480 and 481:
Table 26, continued. Gyrodactylus p
Page 482 and 483:
Table 26, continued. Tetraonchidae
Page 484 and 485:
Table 26, continued. Proteocephalid
Page 486 and 487:
Table 26, continued. Triaenophorida
Page 488 and 489:
Page 490 and 491:
Table 26, continued. Camallanidae R
Page 492 and 493:
Table 26, continued. Host: Coregonu
Page 494 and 495:
Table 26, continued. Rhabdochona sp
Page 496 and 497:
Table 26, continued. Cystidicolidae
Page 498 and 499:
Table 26, continued. Echinorhynchus
Page 500 and 501:
Table 26, continued. Host: Acipense
Page 502 and 503:
Table 26, continued. Hirudinea (Lee
Page 504 and 505:
Page 506 and 507:
Table 26, continued. Salmincola ext
Page 508 and 509:
Table 27. Fishes by family from Lak
Page 510 and 511:
Table 27, continued. Monogenea: Dac
Page 512 and 513:
Table 27, continued. Catostomidae C
Page 514 and 515:
Table 27, continued. Esocidae Esox
Page 516 and 517:
Table 27, continued. Coregonus hoyi
Page 518 and 519:
Table 27, continued. Gasterosteidae
Page 520 and 521:
Table 27, continued. Centrarchidae
Page 522 and 523:
Page 524 and 525:
Table 27, continued. Etheostoma nig
Page 526 and 527:
Table 27, continued. Sciaenidae Apl
Page 528 and 529:
species), Neoechinorhynchus crassus
Page 530 and 531:
commonly found unencysted and coile
Page 532 and 533:
Exotic Parasite Species Mills et al
Page 534 and 535:
that have direct life cycles. Cesto
Page 536 and 537:
Table 30. Jaccard coefficients of p
Page 538 and 539:
Ambloplites rupestris harbored as f
Page 540 and 541:
in composition and numbers between
Page 542 and 543:
In Lake Michigan, percids harbored
Page 544 and 545:
prevalence of cestodes (tapeworms)
Page 546 and 547:
Anderson, R.C. 1992. Nematode paras
Page 548 and 549:
Bush, A.O., Fernandez, J.C., Esch,
Page 550 and 551:
Dechtiar, A.O. 1967b. Neodiscocotyl
Page 552 and 553:
Esch, G.W., Kennedy, C.R., Bush, A.
Page 554 and 555:
Hines, R.S. and Spira, D.T. 1974. I
Page 556 and 557:
Kennedy, C.R. 2009. The ecology of
Page 558 and 559:
Marcogliese, D.J. 2008. First repor
Page 560 and 561:
Muzzall, P.M., and Haas, R.C. 1998.
Page 562 and 563:
Pronin, N.M., Fleischer, G.W., Bald
Page 564 and 565:
Smith, H.D., and Margolis, L. 1970.
Page 566 and 567:
Thomas, L.J. 1947. The life cycle o
Page 568:
Wisniewski, W.L. 1958. Characteriza
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