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Cambridge Pre-U Syllabus - Cambridge International Examinations

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32<br />

3.5 The immune system<br />

Content<br />

Structure, function and physiology of the mammalian immune system<br />

Monoclonal antibodies<br />

<strong>Cambridge</strong> <strong>Pre</strong>-U Draft<br />

Learning outcomes<br />

Candidates should be able to:<br />

a) contrast the specific and non-specific immune systems<br />

b) outline the role of B-cells, plasma cells, memory cells, helper-T cells and cytotoxic-T cells in giving<br />

specific immune primary and secondary responses<br />

c) discuss the structure and action of antibodies (including variable and non-variable regions of the<br />

monomeric immunoglobin IgG, but not including the range of types and functions of immunoglobins)<br />

d) distinguish between active and passive immunity, as well as natural and artificial immunity, limited to<br />

specific examples including tetanus, TB, polio and measles<br />

e) describe the cause and means of transmission of malaria and discuss its global impact and why it is<br />

difficult to control<br />

f) explain the term autoimmune disease with reference to type 1 diabetes and myasthenia gravis<br />

g) outline the ABO blood group system and discuss its implications in transfusion and hyperacute rejection<br />

of transplanted organs<br />

h) outline the principles involved in histocompatibility and acute transplant rejection (details of the MHC<br />

system are not required)<br />

i) outline the production of monoclonal antibodies and explain why it is necessary to use hybridoma cells<br />

for this purpose<br />

j) discuss and evaluate the use of monoclonal antibodies compared to conventional methods for diagnosis<br />

and treatment including pregnancy testing, diagnosis of HIV/AIDS and radioimmunotherapy of cancer<br />

Practical learning outcomes<br />

X ref Section 3.1, Practical Learning outcome (i)

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