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222 ZYGNEMATACEAE 269. Spirogyra iNDicA Kficgcr 1944. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen- flora. 13, p. 317. Vegetative cells 36-42^ x iio-152/i, with plane end walls and i chromatophore; conjugating tubes formed by both gametangia; conjugation mostly lateral, less frequently scalariform; receptive gametangia cylindric; zygospores ovoid, 33-^S/x x 40-62 /a; median spore wall thick, smooth, and brown. (PI. XLI, Figs. 20-21.) India, Central Provinces; South America, south Chile. 270. Spirogyra czurdae Misra 1937. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 5, p. 115, Fig. 3. Vegetative cells 26-28 m x 52-78 /a, with plane end walls and i chromatophore; conjugation scalariform; tubes formed by both gametangia; receptive gametangia shortened and enlarged; zygospores globose, ^^-54/^ in diameter; median spore wall very thick, brown, and scrobiculate; pits 3-4 /j. in diameter. (PI. XLI, Figs. lo-ii.) India, Kashmir. 271. Spirogyra sibirica Skvortzof 1927. ]oHr. Bot. 65, p. 252, Fig. I. Vegetative cells about 17/1 broad, with plane end walls and i chromatophore; conjugation scalariform; tubes formed by male cells; receptive gametangia inflated slightly on the inner side; many sterile cells bullate; zygospores ellipsoid, 20 /a x 32-40 /a; median spore wall yellow, scrobiculate. (PI. XLI, Figs. 8-9.) Russia, Western Altai Mountains, Zaisan district. 272. Spirogyra atasiana Czurda 1939. Arch. f. Hydrobiol. Suppl. Bd. 16, p. 417, PI. I, Fig. 3. Vegetative cells 44-48 /x x 92-161 m, with plane end walls and i chromatophore; conjugation scalariform; tubes formed apparently by the male gametangia; receptive gametangia cylindric; zygospores ovoid, 41-45/ji X 50-90 /t; median spore wall thick, yellow-brown, outer surface granulose. Sumatra, Danau di Atas. 273. Spirogyra pseudoreticulata Kriegcr 1944. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora. 13, p. 400. Vegetative cells 20-25 /x x 75-170 ^n, with plane end walls and 2 chromatophores; conjugation lateral and scalariform; tubes formed by both cells; receptive gametangia enlarged; zygospores ellipsoid, 30-33 m x 64-68 A^; median spore wall brown, with rather fine, irregular, reticulate ridges. (PI. XLI, Figs. 13-15.) Brazil, Sao Paulo.
SPIROGYRA 223 274. Spirogyra verrucosa (Rao) Krieger 1944. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflom. 13, p. 398. Jour. Indian Bot. Soc. 17, p. 358, Fig. 3. Vegetative cells 108-126 /j. x 144-190 m, with plane end walls and 4-8 chromatophores; conjugation scalariform; tubes formed by both cells; receptive gametangia cylindric; zygospores ellipsoid, 89-100 /j. x 1 16-165 /x; median wall thick, brown, minutely verrucose, and with coarse meshed reticulate ridges. (Pi. XLI, Fig. 19.) India, Central Provinces. 275. Spirogyra marchica Krieger 1944. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora. 13, p. 459. Vegetative cells 29-32^0. x 150-250 /x, with replicate end walls and 2 chromatophores; conjugation lateral and scalariform; tubes formed by both cells; receptive gametangia inflated on both sides; zygospores ovoid to ellipsoid with rounded ends, 46-53 M x 86-170/1; median spore wall brown, coarsely verrucose. (PI. XLI, Figs. 22-23.) Germany, Brandenburg. List of the Species of SPIROGYRA with Number acanthophora (Skuja) Czurda 1932 251 aequinoctialis G. S. West 1907 109 affinis (Hassall) Petit 1880 23 ajricana (Fritsch) Czurda 1932 134 amplectens Skuja 1937 217 angolensis Welwitsch 1897 76 anomala Rao 1937 139 aphanosculpta Skuja 1937 58 aplanospora Randhawa 1938 38 areolata Lagerheim 1883 240 arta Jao 1935 228 articulata Transeau 1934 234 asiatica Czurda 1931 46 atasiana Czurda 1939 272 australensis Mobius 1895 63 azygospora Singh 1938 166 baileyi Schmidle 1896 103 bellis (Hassall) Cleve 1868 161 bicalyptrata Czurda 1930 13 bichromatophora (Randhawa) Transeau 1944 105 biformis Jao 1935 72 borgeana Transeau 1915 19 borysthenica Kasanofsky & Smirnoff 1913 253
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10 ib
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THE ZYGNEMATACEAE
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GRADUATE SCHOOL MONOGRAPHS Contribu
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INTRODUCTION The absence of a moder
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INTRODUCTION ix Illinois State Teac
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Plat€ ILLUSTRATIONS Plates Page I
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THE ZYGNEMATACEAE
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4 ZYGNEMATACEAE gametes is by means
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6 ZYGNEMATACEAE are common but are
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8 ZYGNEMATACEAE between cells, the
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10 ZYGNEMATACEAE sporiferous cells
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12 ZYGNEMATACEAE TABLE I Summary of
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14 ZYGNEMATACEAE In higher latitude
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i6 ZYGNEMATACEAE specimens with mat
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1 ZYGNEMATACEAE II. Spores usually
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20 ZYGNEMATACEAE 32. Diameter veget
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22 ZYGNEMATACEAE REPRODUCTION BY AP
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24 ZYGNEMATACEAE spores formed in t
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26 ZYGNEMATACEAE pitted; pits 5-6 /
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28 ZYGNEMATACEAE spores are formed
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30 ZYGNEMATACEAE spores formed in t
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32 ZYGNEMATACEAE biculate; pits 4.5
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34 ZYGNEMATACEAE United States: Ill
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36 ZYGNEMATACEAE zygospores globose
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38 ZYGNEMATACEAE spores formed in o
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40 ZYGNEMATACEAE spores in one of t
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42 ZYGNEMATACEAE an outer pectic la
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44 ZYGNEMATACEAE irregular in form
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46 ZYGNEMATACEAE cylindncum Transea
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CHAPTER THREE THE GENUS ZYGNEMOPSIS
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ZYGNEMOPSIS 51 6. Median spore wall
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ZYGNEMOPSIS 53 22-25 jLi X 25-30 /"
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ZYGNEMOPSIS 55 12. Zygnemopsis sple
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ZYGNEMOPSIS 57 23-50 Ai, with a mor
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quadrata Jao 1935 ZYGNEMOPSIS 59 si
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CHAPTER FIVE THE GENUS ZYGOGONIUM K
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ZYGOGONIUM 65 3. Zygospores 15-26/U
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ZYGOGONIUM 67 ospores ellipsoid to
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ZYGOGONIUM 69 14. Zygogonium stephe
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CHAPTER SEVEN THE GENUS MOUGEOTIOPS
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CHAPTER RIGHT THE GENUS DEBARYA WIT
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DEBARYA 77 3. Debarya ackleyana Tra
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CHAPTER NINE THE GENUS MOUGEOTIA C.
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MOUGEOTIA 8i not be cited as proof
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7. Spores globose to ovoid, variabl
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MOUGEOTIA 85 30. Spores ovoid 40-54
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MOUGEOTIA 87 52. Zygosporangia regu
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MOUGEOTIA 89 74. Spore wall smooth
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MOUGEOTIA 91 6. MouGEOTiA ELLiPsoiD
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MOUGEOTIA 93 tending somewhat into
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MOUGEOTIA 95 conjugation scalarifor
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MOUGEOTIA 97 pyrenoids; gametangia
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MOUGEOTIA 99 ous scattered pyrenoid
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MOUGEOTIA loi cylindric, with conca
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MOUGEOTIA 103 56. MouGEOTiA ATUBULO
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MOUGEOTIA 105 aplanospores occupyin
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MOUGEOTIA 107 with hornlike process
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MOUGEOTIA 109 77. MouGEOTiA viRiDis
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MOUGEOTIA III 85. MouGEOTiA QUADRAN
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MOUGEOTIA 113 94. MouGEOTiA MAYORi
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MOUGEOTIA 115 craterophora Bohlin 1
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CHAPTER TEN THE GENUS TEMNOGAMETUM
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CHAPTER ELEVEN THE GENUS SIROCLADIU
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CHAPTER THIRTEEN THE GENUS SPIROGYR
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SPIROGYRA 125 in thickness, and eac
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SPIROGYRA 127 may be widened and ne
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SPIROGYRA 129 Of the 2 species with
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SPIROGYRA 131 II. Most of the spore
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31. Diameter vegetative cells more
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SPIROGYRA 135 END WALLS PLANE (one-
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66. Spores 34-48 i". x 48-54^1 93-
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82. Median spore wall double, outer
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loi. Fertile cells cylindric, chrom
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115. Diameter vegetative cells 130-
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SPIROGYRA 145 133. Reproducing by a
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SPIROGYRA 147 157. Median spore wal
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SPIROGYRA 149 178. Chromatophores i
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SPIROGYRA 151 3. Spirogyra juercens
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SPIROGYRA 153 China, Szechwan. The
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SPIROGYRA 155 matophore; conjugatio
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SPIROGYRA 157 23. Spirogyra affinis
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SPIROGYRA 159 cells to globose, 28-
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SPIROGYRA i6i qucntly misapplied th
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SPIROGYRA 163 scalariform; tubes fo
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SPIROGYRA 165 ellipsoid, ^P-^^i^ x
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Germany; Latvia; Yugoslavia; Finlan
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Coll.). SPIROGYRA 169 Dutch New Gui
Page 191 and 192: SPIROGYRA 171 formed by both gameta
Page 193 and 194: SPIROGYRA 173 This imperfectly desc
Page 195 and 196: SPIROGYRA 175 Vegetative cells 35-4
Page 197 and 198: SPIROGYRA 177 loi. Spirogyra polyta
Page 199 and 200: SPIROGYRA 179 formed by both gameta
Page 201 and 202: SPIROGYRA i8i is thin, brownish and
Page 203 and 204: SPIROGYRA 183 PI. 8, Figs. 87-88. A
Page 205 and 206: SPIROGYRA 185 United States: Widely
Page 207 and 208: SPIROGYRA 187 65-83 /x X 75-1 00 /x
Page 209 and 210: SPIROGYRA 189 150. Spirogyra reinha
Page 211 and 212: SPIROGYRA 191 cylindric or slightly
Page 213 and 214: SPIROGYRA 193 by both gametangia; f
Page 215 and 216: SPIROGYRA 195 although the tubes be
Page 217 and 218: wall. United States: Texas, Karnac,
Page 219 and 220: SPIROGYRA 199 found the earlier sta
Page 221 and 222: SPIROGYRA 201 matophore, making 3 t
Page 223 and 224: SPIROGYRA 203 199. Spirogyra unduli
Page 225 and 226: SPIROGYRA 205 United States: Iowa;
Page 227 and 228: SPIROGYRA 207 spores ellipsoid, 20-
Page 229 and 230: SPIROGYRA 209 iform; tubes formed b
Page 231 and 232: SPIROGYRA 211 tubes formed by both
Page 233 and 234: SPIROGYRA 213 forma gracilior). Czu
Page 235 and 236: SPIROGYRA 215 244. Spirogyra gratia
Page 237 and 238: SPIROGYRA 217 252. Spirogyra incons
Page 239 and 240: SPIROGYRA 219 iform; tubes formed b
Page 241: SPIROGYRA 221 zygospores ellipsoid
Page 245 and 246: SPIROGYRA 225 elliptica Jao 1935 83
Page 247 and 248: SPIROGYRA 227 mirabilis (Hassall) K
Page 249: SPIROGYRA 229 siibsalina Cedercreut
Page 252 and 253: 232 ZYGNEMATACEAE Usually the matur
Page 254 and 255: 234 ZYGNEMATACEAE cncd and rcilexcd
Page 256 and 257: 236 ZYGNEMATACEAE Figs. H to K. Sir
Page 259 and 260: INDEX Roman numerals refer to plate
Page 261 and 262: grossii (Spirogyra), XXX, 6; 185 Ha
Page 263 and 264: punctiformis (Spirogyra), XXXIV, 5-
Page 265 and 266: PLATES
Page 267 and 268: PLATE 1 247.
Page 269 and 270: PLATE ir 249
Page 271 and 272: PLATE III 251
Page 273 and 274: PLATE IV 253
Page 275 and 276: PLATE V 255
Page 277 and 278: PLATE VI 257
Page 279 and 280: PLATE VII 259
Page 281 and 282: PLATE VIII 261
Page 283 and 284: PLATE IX 263
Page 285 and 286: PLATE X 265 '^=S
Page 287 and 288: PLATE XI 267
Page 289 and 290: PLATE XII 269
Page 291 and 292: PLATE XIII 271
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PLATE XIV 273
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PLATE XV 275
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PLATE XVI 277
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PLATE XVII 279
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PLATE XVIII 281
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PLATE XIX 283
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PLATE XX 285
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PLATE XXI 287
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PLATE XXII 289
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PLATE XXIII 291
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PLATE XXIV 293
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PLATE XXV 295
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PLATE XXVI 297
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PLATE XXVII 299
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PLATE XXVIII 301
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PLATE XXIX 303
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PLATE XXX 305
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PLATE XXXI 307
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PLATE XXXII 309
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PLATE XXXIII 311
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PLATE XXXIV 313
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PLATE XXXV 315
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PLATE XXXVI 317
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PLATE XXXVII 319
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PLATE XXXVIII 321
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PLATE XXXIX 323
Page 345 and 346:
PLATE XL 325
Page 347:
PLATE XLI 327
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