FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY - Bio Medical Forensics

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Nine Xylazine Related Deaths in Puerto Rico Common Heroin Adulterants in Puerto Rico: The Emergence of Xylazine Validation of a Method for the Determination of Opiates and Methadone in Hair Postmortem Analysis of Cocaine, Benzodiazepines, Opiates, and SSRIs in Hair Evaluation of Alcohol Markers in Postmortem Hair and Blood: Comparison Between Ethyl Glucuronide, Ethylsulphate, and CDT Validation of a Color Test for Gamma- Hydroxybutyrate and Gamma- Butyrolactone Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Imaging of Drugs of Abuse in Postmortem Human Brain Tissue 6-Monoacetylmorphine Confirmation by Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric Determination of 6- Monoacetylmorhine and Noscapine in Vitreous Humor Carlos F. Chavez-Arias, MD*, Puerto Rico Institute of Forensic Sciences, PO Box 11878, Caparra Heights Station, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00922-1878; Dario Sanabria, MD, Puerto Rico Institute of Forensic Sciences. Department of Pathology, PO Box 11878, Caparra Heights Station, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00922-1878; and Kazandra Ruiz, BS, and Jose Rodriguez-Orengo, PhD, Puerto Rico Institute of Forensic Sciences, PO Box 11878, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00922-1878 Kazandra Ruiz, BS*, and Luz A. Silva Torres, BS, Puerto Rico Institute of Forensic Sciences, PO Box 11878, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00922- 1878; and Carlos F. Chavez- Arias, MD, Puerto Rico Institute of Forensic Sciences, PO BOX 11878, Caparra Heights Station, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00922-1878; Osca Peralta Narvaez, BS, Puerto Rico, Institute of Forensic Sciences, PO Box 11878, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00922-1878; Flor Mattos De Jesus, BS, Institute of Foresic Science, Calle Maga Esq. Casia, #9 Urb. Reparto Metropolitano, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00922; and Joseph Bloom-Oquendo and Jose Rodriguez- Orengo, PhD, Puerto Rico Institute of Forensic Sciences, PO BOX 11878, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00922-1878 Karen S. Scott, PhD*, Department of Forensic Medicine and Science, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UNITED KINGDOM Ashraf Mozayani, PhD, PharmD, Jeffrey P. Walterscheid, PhD*, and Terry Danielson, PhD, Harris County Medical Examiner Office, 1885 Old Spanish Trail, Houston, TX 77054; Christine Moore, PhD, Immunalysis Corporation, 829 Towne Center Drive, Pomona, CA 91767; and Luis A. Sanchez, MD, Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office, Houston, 1885 Old Spanish Trail, Houston, TX 77054 Robert Kronstrand, PhD*, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Toxicology, Artillerigatan 12, Linkoping, SE 587 58, SWEDEN; and Henrik Druid, MD, PhD, Department of Forensic Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius v. 3, Stockholm, SE-171 77, SWEDEN Holly Sullivan, BS*, 100 College Drive, Allentown, PA 18104; Michele De Paola, BS, 100 College Drive, Allentown, PA 18104; Kimberly A. Michalik, MSFS, 275 Conover Street, South Amboy, NJ 08879; and Thomas A. Brettell, PhD, Cedar Crest College, Department of Chemical & Physical Sciences, 100 College Drive, Allentown, PA 18104 Richard F. Reich, MS*, University of Florida, PO Box 14044, Gainesville, FL 32604 Terry Danielson, PhD, Ashraf Mozayani, PhD, PharmD, Jeffrey P. Walterscheid, PhD*, Shaohan Zhao, PhD, and Luis A. Sanchez, MD, Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office, 1885 Old Spanish Trail, Houston, TX 77054 Index 19 77 78 79 79 80 81 82 82
National, Regional, and Local Patterns of Drugs Seized by Law Enforcement and Analyzed by Crime Laboratories in the United States: 2004 - 2007 A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Based Study of Urine Samples Containing Drug of Abuse: Scope and Limitations of the Technique Sample Preparation of Cannabinoids in Urine Using Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction and Clean Up A Fast GC/MS Method for the Analysis of Common Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Evaluating the Presence and Dangers Associated With Heavy Metals in Commonly Encountered Consumer Products DeMia E. Peters, MS*, Liqun L. Wong, MS, and Christine A. Sannerud, PhD, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Office of Diversion Control, 8701 Morrissette Drive, Springfield, VA 22152; and Michael R. Baylor, PhD, Kevin J. Strom, PhD, BeLinda J. Weimer, MA, Jeffrey M. Ancheta, BS, Jeri D. Ropero-Miller, PhD, Carol L. Council, MSPH, and J. Valley Rachal, MS, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-12194 Gloria Proni, PhD*, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 445 West 59th Street, Science Department, 10019, New York, NY ; Donna K. Wilson, MS, 570 Saint Marks Avenue, #3, Brooklyn, NY 11216; and Elise Champeil, PhD, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 445 West 59th Street, New York, NY 10019 Jack Cochran, BS*, and Kristi Sellers, BS, Restek Corporation, 110 Benner Circle, Bellefonte, PA 16823 Sumandeep Rana, MS*, Wayne B. Ross, MCLS, and Victor P. Uralets, PhD, Redwood Toxicology Laboratory, 3650 Westwind Boulevard, Santa Rosa, CA 95403 Lindsay A. Carbone, BS*, Thomas H. Pritchett, MS, and Brian J. Gestring, MS, Cedar Crest College, 100 College Avenue, Allentown, PA 18104 Postmortem Pediatric Toxicology Robert A. Middleberg, PhD, NMS Labs, 3701 Welsh Road, Willow Grove, PA 19090; Nikolas P. Lemos, PhD, San Francisco Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Hall of Justice, North Terrace, 850 Bryant Street, San Francisco, CA 94103; Andrew M. Baker, MD*, Hennepin County Medical Examiner, 530 Chicago Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55415; Daniel S. Isenschmid, PhD*, Wayne County Medical Examiner’s Office, 1300 East Warren Avenue, Detroit, MI 48207; Karen F. Ross, MD*, Jefferson Parish Forensic Center, 2018 8th Street, Harvey, LA 70058; and Marina Stajic, PhD*, Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, 520 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Index 20 83 83 84 84 85 85
Page 1 and 2: FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY Proceedings 200
Page 4 and 5: Forensic Toxicology iii
Page 6 and 7: Preface The American Academy of For
Page 8 and 9: Toxiclogy Board of Directors Repres
Page 10 and 11: Development & Accreditation; Tracie
Page 12 and 13: Analysis of Amphetamine on Swabs an
Page 14 and 15: Evaluation of Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Page 16 and 17: Identification of Markers of JWH-01
Page 18 and 19: Cannabinoid Concentrations in Daily
Page 20 and 21: Alcohol Elimination Rate Variabilit
Page 22 and 23: Preparation of Oral Fluid for Quant
Page 24 and 25: Postmortem Pediatric Toxicology Rob
Page 26 and 27: A Quick LC/MS/MS Method for the Ana
Page 28 and 29: Fatal Death of an 8-Year-Old Boy Fr
Page 32 and 33: Gas Chromatography of Postmortem Bl
Page 34 and 35: Specificity Characteristics of Bupr
Page 36 and 37: Disposition of MDMA and Metabolites
Page 38 and 39: Determination of Trace Levels of Be
Page 40 and 41: Whole Blood/Plasma Cannabinoid Rati
Page 42 and 43: Prevalence of Cocaine on Urban and
Page 44 and 45: Intoxilyzer® 8000 Stability Study
Page 46 and 47: The Role of the Forensic Expert in
Page 48 and 49: Clinical vs. Forensic Toxicology -
Page 50 and 51: Comparative Analysis of GHB and GHV
Page 52 and 53: Toxicology of Deaths Associated Wit
Page 54 and 55: Determination of Toxins and Alkaloi
Page 56 and 57: Bupropion and Its Metabolites in Tw
Page 58 and 59: Use of a Novel Large Volume Splitle
Page 60 and 61: Death Due to Ingestion of Tramadol
Page 62 and 63: A Multi-Drug Fatality Involving the
Page 64 and 65: Urinary Excretion of α-Hydroxytria
Page 66 and 67: Analysis of Barbiturates by Fast GC
Page 68 and 69: A Review of Postmortem Diltiazem Co
Page 70 and 71: Analysis of Drugs From Paired Hair
Page 72 and 73: Index by Presenting Author Author b
Page 74 and 75: Virginia Street, West, Charleston,
Page 76 and 77: Bévalot, Fabien MD*, Laboratoire L
Page 78 and 79: C. Bishop BS*, Sandra Bruce R. McCo
Page 80 and 81:
Chen, Bud-gen BS, Fooyin University
Page 82 and 83:
Couper, Fiona J. PhD*, and Rory M.
Page 84 and 85:
Drees, Julia C. PhD*, Judy A. Stone
Page 86 and 87:
Furton, Kenneth G. PhD, Internation
Page 88 and 89:
Gray, Teresa R. MS*, National Insti
Page 90 and 91:
Halphen, Aimee M. MS*, and C. Richa
Page 92 and 93:
Huestis, Marilyn A. PhD, David A. G
Page 94 and 95:
Jufer, Rebecca A. PhD*, Barry S. Le
Page 96 and 97:
Kim, Nam Yee PhD*, National Institu
Page 98 and 99:
Langman, Loralie J. PhD*, Provincia
Page 100 and 101:
Li, Ling MD, and Xiang Zhang, MD*,
Page 102 and 103:
Lougee, Kevin M. BS*, Amy L. Lais,
Page 104 and 105:
Mercan, Selda MSc, Institute of For
Page 106 and 107:
Miles, Harry L. JD*, Green, Miles,
Page 108 and 109:
Negrusz, Adam PhD, DSc*, Bindu K. S
Page 110 and 111:
Peters, DeMia E. MS*, Liqun L. Wong
Page 112 and 113:
Rajotte, James W. MSc*, Centre of F
Page 114 and 115:
Ropero-Miller, Jeri D. PhD*, RTI In
Page 116 and 117:
Sasaki, Tania A. PhD*, Applied Bios
Page 118 and 119:
Shakleya, Diaa M. PhD*, West Virgin
Page 120 and 121:
Staretz, Marianne E. PhD, Departmen
Page 122 and 123:
Swofford*, Henry J. 4207 Coatsworth
Page 124 and 125:
Wagner, Michael MS, PA*, Harold E.
Page 126 and 127:
Winterling, Jill M. BS*, Richard T.
Page 128 and 129:
Index 117
Page 130 and 131:
ange of years studied, drugs appear
Page 132 and 133:
K6 Simultaneous Detection of Psyche
Page 134 and 135:
K10 Analysis of Hydrocodone, Hydrom
Page 136 and 137:
A cleanup tip was developed that is
Page 138 and 139:
Eurachem method. Validation results
Page 140 and 141:
tetrathiocynates and further determ
Page 142 and 143:
K26 An Investigation Into the Cellu
Page 144 and 145:
important of quickly identifying th
Page 146 and 147:
K33 Detection of Various Performanc
Page 148 and 149:
K36 The Uncertainty of Hair Analysi
Page 150 and 151:
Results: The Intercept® device col
Page 152 and 153:
collected on days 22-31, 14.8% rema
Page 154 and 155:
concentrations of glucose and lacta
Page 156 and 157:
A 48-year-old male was found dead o
Page 158 and 159:
TOXICOLOGY Seattle 2010 Seattle 201
Page 160 and 161:
scientists, as well as the importan
Page 162 and 163:
toxicology in suspected narcotic ov
Page 164 and 165:
Blood * Presenting Author Oxycodone
Page 166 and 167:
According to the routine screening
Page 168 and 169:
particle) analytical column operate
Page 170 and 171:
ventilated low-lying areas. Inhalat
Page 172 and 173:
may be relevant to forensic toxicol
Page 174 and 175:
and one case had combined caffeine
Page 176 and 177:
(16.9%), flunitrazepam (15.7%) and
Page 178 and 179:
end of the run. Comparison of the r
Page 180 and 181:
K42 Melendez-Diaz and Other 6th Ame
Page 182 and 183:
In developing a full panel of DFSA
Page 184 and 185:
including equilibration time. MS/MS
Page 186 and 187:
ng/ml. The upper limit of quantitat
Page 188 and 189:
to 18-years-old. Ten of the samples
Page 190 and 191:
to 200 mg/dL. Samples above the lin
Page 192 and 193:
which is used to relieve moderate t
Page 194 and 195:
lab for drug and alcohol screening.
Page 196 and 197:
elated fatalities. Methamphetamine,
Page 198 and 199:
explosion. Toxicological analyses w
Page 200 and 201:
and GC-MS, plus drug class specific
Page 202 and 203:
incidence of methamphetamine in all
Page 204 and 205:
K42 Homicide by Propofol Martha J.
Page 206 and 207:
K45 Common Heroin Adulterants in Pu
Page 208 and 209:
K48 Evaluation of Alcohol Markers i
Page 210 and 211:
The color formation with the ferric
Page 212 and 213:
explored. Opioids were chosen for a
Page 214 and 215:
including pharmaco-toxicokinetic da
Page 216 and 217:
of compounds typically found in ill
Page 218 and 219:
Discussion: When investigating a to
Page 220 and 221:
qualifier ratios. Samples containin
Page 222 and 223:
BG and some cross-reactivity toward
Page 224 and 225:
concentrations, almost invariably t
Page 226 and 227:
nitrogen. Qualitative analysis was
Page 228 and 229:
LC/MS/MS for analysis of benzodiaze
Page 230 and 231:
were analyzed with each batch of sa
Page 232 and 233:
concentration will decrease signifi
Page 234 and 235:
and the meprobamate. To explain thi
Page 236 and 237:
plasma drug concentrations. Oral fl
Page 238 and 239:
significant correlation existed bet
Page 240 and 241:
to an increase in the frequency of
Page 242 and 243:
matrix despite extensive mixing pri
Page 244 and 245:
y SPE (Clean Screen ® ZSTHC020 ext
Page 246 and 247:
0.18 mg/L in aortic blood and 2.1 m
Page 248 and 249:
munoassay. Identification and quant
Page 250 and 251:
The fluctuations in the child’s u
Page 252 and 253:
AMP BZE OPI PCP THCA ADULT INV SUBS
Page 254 and 255:
Table I. Postmortem Distribution of
Page 256 and 257:
K9 Fatal Ephedrine Intoxication in
Page 258 and 259:
without any chromatography, resulti
Page 260 and 261:
In the “direct” application of
Page 262 and 263:
K21 Evaluation of the Immunalysis®
Page 264 and 265:
fibrillation (VF) induction using t
Page 266 and 267:
K28 Driving Under the Influence (DU
Page 268 and 269:
K31 Methadone and Impaired Driving
Page 270 and 271:
of Criminal Procedure was likewise
Page 272 and 273:
Case #1: A 12-year-old female was f
Page 274 and 275:
As seen in the above data, there ha
Page 276 and 277:
determination of methamphetamine fr
Page 278 and 279:
K48 Rapid Analysis of THC and Metab
Page 280 and 281:
(0.09 mg/L). The accused drove over
Page 282 and 283:
necessity. Information pertaining t
Page 284 and 285:
K6 Determination of 2-Chloracetophe
Page 286 and 287:
K8 Simultaneous Determination of HF
Page 288 and 289:
This presentation will impact the f
Page 290 and 291:
K16 Fentanyl Concentrations in 23 P
Page 292 and 293:
Table 2 - GC Results Analyte LOD LO
Page 294 and 295:
In America, recent growth in the po
Page 296 and 297:
to fully prosecute the case, negoti
Page 298 and 299:
dictive for the time of use. The ti
Page 300 and 301:
absence, or cursory forms, of such
Page 302 and 303:
Atomoxetine can be considered non-t
Page 304 and 305:
nickel catalyst and detected with a
Page 306 and 307:
Sample ID Hair result (pg/mg) Urine
Page 308 and 309:
prevalence was compared with the do
Page 310 and 311:
K1 Determination of Toxins and Alka
Page 312 and 313:
toxicological profiles of the deced
Page 314 and 315:
ecords were reviewed for all deaths
Page 316 and 317:
K15 Performance Characteristics of
Page 318 and 319:
analyzed by GC/MS with separation o
Page 320 and 321:
This presentation will provide a fu
Page 322 and 323:
tubing ran from the container throu
Page 324 and 325:
murder and is often initially misdi
Page 326 and 327:
K35 Interpretation of Glucose and L
Page 328 and 329:
K38 Drugs in Driving Fatalities in
Page 330 and 331:
jDALLA Toxicology j2004 K1 Use of a
Page 332 and 333:
manufacturer. Analysis of samples f
Page 334 and 335:
K9 An Analytical Protocol for the I
Page 336 and 337:
K13 Laboratory Analysis of Remotely
Page 338 and 339:
K15 Postmortem Production of Ethano
Page 340 and 341:
K18 The Effects of pH on the Oxidat
Page 342 and 343:
directed into an electrospray ioniz
Page 344 and 345:
K25 The Detection of Oxycodone in M
Page 346 and 347:
Hair analysis revealed the presence
Page 348 and 349:
K32 Detection of Ketamine in Urine
Page 350 and 351:
Conversations with two MDMA / MDA c
Page 352 and 353:
The concentrations of total ropivac
Page 354 and 355:
clozapine and metabolite in the cas
Page 356 and 357:
(except in exceptionally high doses
Page 358 and 359:
y pulmonary edema and a rapid cardi
Page 360 and 361:
Toxicology K1 Urinary Excretion of
Page 362 and 363:
presumptive pneumonia, and administ
Page 364 and 365:
K7 Optimizing HPLC Separation of An
Page 366 and 367:
and quantitative determination of M
Page 368 and 369:
with BSTFA. Quantitation was perfor
Page 370 and 371:
compounds contained in the current
Page 372 and 373:
Fast gas chromatography (GC) has th
Page 374 and 375:
importance to law enforcement agenc
Page 376 and 377:
tramadol, closely followed by amitr
Page 378 and 379:
acid. Oxalic and formic acids are f
Page 380 and 381:
interaction involves activation of
Page 382 and 383:
intake. Also, the positive serum an
Page 384 and 385:
K1 A Review of Postmortem Diltiazem
Page 386 and 387:
The concentration of interferent re
Page 388 and 389:
three principal media, viz., blood,
Page 390 and 391:
Of the tricyclic antidepressants, a
Page 392 and 393:
Table 1. Effect of reconstitution v
Page 394 and 395:
corticosteroids: cortisol and corti
Page 396 and 397:
Hair specimens aligned in a foil en
Page 398 and 399:
eference solution of each olanzapin
Page 400 and 401:
presented. In the first case, a 31-
Page 402 and 403:
combination with alcohol. From 1997
Page 404:
Urine specimens were spiked with th
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