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Underwater THIS PAGE A star puffer fish in the Coral Triangle off West Papua, Indonesia INSET, FACING PAGE Pet-Soede in her natural environment
PROFILE GO! wonder WWF’s Lida Pet-Soede on the fi ght to protect the Coral Triangle, an area of sparkling and rare marine diversity When a middle-aged mum off ers to do an underwater rap in front of thousands, two things are certain. One: her pre-teen daughters will ‘totally’ disown her. Two: she must have a very good reason. Step forward, or perhaps wade this way, Netherlands-born Lida Pet-Soede. As head of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Coral Triangle Initiative, Pet-Soede is on a mission to get us to “stick our heads in the water” to appreciate what lies under the sea’s surface. In the Coral Triangle, that’s iridescent corals, psychedelically-hued fi sh, magical mollusks, turtles, sharks, mantas and countless plants. Spanning Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Timor- Leste, the Coral Triangle generates an estimated $12 billion a year from naturebased tourism, much of which comes to the region’s coral-encrusted 132,800km of tropical coastline. WORDS: ANGELA TWEEDIE Th is six million sq kilometre area holds one third of the world’s coral reefs and reef fi sh. It covers just 1% of the earth’s surface but contains more species in two football pitches-worth of its waters than the entire Caribbean. But researchers warn that overfi shing, climate change, pollution and coastal development will so seriously deplete the reefs (which provide coral fi sh with food and breeding grounds) that by 2050, they will provide half the fi sh protein they do today. With 125 million people relying on these reefs for their food and income, the threat to human health and wellbeing, as well as marine species, is very real. Pet-Soede says the plight of the area is overlooked because of its ‘invisibility’. “My tree-hugger friends have it a bit easier in that respect. Within the last 20 years, the deforestation on the island of Sumatra has been shocking – you can see that. But when the problem is under the surface of the ocean, it’s not so visible.” Over the past 16 years, this 44 year-old fi shery biologist has worked with WWF to fi nd solutions that protect marine life but also work for local communities. “I’ve always been intrigued by the balance between using natural resources sustainably, so that basically you can fi sh forever, while retaining the ecosystem for the long-term,” she says. While completing research in Indonesia for her doctorate in tropical fi sheries management, she was approached by WWF. “And, basically, I never left ,” she says. “WWF was interested in how we could solve the tension between poverty, or people who think they have no alternatives, and this very delicate ecosystem. I managed to help bring the topics of sustainable fi sheries, responsible trade and economic issues into their programme,” she says. Though progress is being made, Pet-Soede argues: “Th ere are just too many people taking too many fi sh. It’s pretty straightforward. We cannot keep meeting the demand for tuna and shrimp from the USA, China and Japan. “Th e Indonesian government and others in the Triangle have agreed to protect at least 10% of their oceans by setting up Marine Protected Areas, [MPAs]. We are on the way to achieving that,” she explains, “but it has been a hard slog to secure the current 2% made up of MPAs.” Another WWF goal is to reduce the number of sea turtles that die as ‘bycatch’ of fi shing. Six of the world’s seven sea turtle species are either endangered or critically endangered, while the status of the seventh is unknown. Holland Herald 51
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