by Athena and Bill Steen - Cohabitat
by Athena and Bill Steen - Cohabitat
by Athena and Bill Steen - Cohabitat
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Earthen floors can be divided with grids of wood, brick, concrete<br />
QT other materials If wishing to do this, it is important to remember<br />
that earthen doors are strongest to a monolithic form without any<br />
divisions Their weakest point is at the edges <strong>and</strong> when divided <strong>by</strong><br />
other materials, the number of edges increases considerably. Dividing<br />
the floor into sections does make it easier to level Smaller tile-sized<br />
sections can also be made <strong>and</strong> then grouted with a different colored<br />
clay<br />
Stabilizing Earthen Floor Mixes<br />
Most soil mixes will make a good floor without additional<br />
stabilization. They can be added if additional hardness is required or<br />
if the soil mix doesn't produce enough binding <strong>and</strong> strength. Choice<br />
of stabilizers can vary depending upon available resources.<br />
An easy <strong>and</strong> inexpensive stabilizer that was sometimes used<br />
throughout the southwestern United States was wheat flour paste<br />
Wheat flour paste can be made from commonly available white flour<br />
mixed in the following manner<br />
Mix 1 cup of white wheat flour with I pint of water <strong>and</strong> add<br />
it to 2 cups of boiling water. Then cook at low heat until it becomes<br />
slightly translucent taking care that the mixture does not stick <strong>and</strong><br />
burn Dilute this with 2 quarts of cold water <strong>and</strong> use it as the water to<br />
mix the soil ingredients.<br />
Another option is using casein powder which produces a natural<br />
glue. It is prepared <strong>by</strong> soaking 25 grams of casein powder <strong>and</strong> 8 grams<br />
of borax in enough water to form a putty. The putty can then be diluted<br />
with water to a consistency suitable for mixing the soil ingredients<br />
Auro (see resources) makes a powdered casein glue that could also<br />
be used Synthetic polymer based glues like Elmers or Concrete<br />
Bonder can be used at a ratio of 16 ounces to 22 shovels of mix.<br />
Surface Hardeners <strong>and</strong> Sealents<br />
To be effective, a good sealant needs to penetrate deeply into the<br />
earthen floor rather than form a skin or shell on the surface of the<br />
floor, as do acrylic sealants. The problem with skins, is that they<br />
create a thin, hard cap on top of a relatively soft material (the earthen<br />
floor). This cap or skin is then susceptible to damage <strong>and</strong> when it is<br />
broken, produces "pot holes" in the floor.<br />
Traditionally, the most successful sealents have included oils,<br />
animal urine <strong>and</strong> bloods. Penetrating oils, which oxidize <strong>and</strong> become<br />
fixed, are often the best choice for earthen floors, as they not only<br />
seal, but harden the floor as well. Unseed oil is probably the most<br />
cost effective <strong>and</strong> widely available of these oils. However, other<br />
options include hemp oil, castor oil <strong>and</strong> possibly, cottonseed, coconut,<br />
<strong>and</strong> fish oils. Boiled oils are preferred, because they require much<br />
less time to dry. Another option which we have not tried, but that<br />
could be superior to any of the above is st<strong>and</strong> oil. St<strong>and</strong> oil is usually<br />
linseed or tung oil which has been exposed to oxygen in order to<br />
oxidize it In former times, oils were left to st<strong>and</strong> exposed to the<br />
oxygen in the air tQ produce the same effect <strong>and</strong> dais the name, st<strong>and</strong><br />
oil, however st<strong>and</strong> oils can now be produced <strong>by</strong> injecting oxygen<br />
into the oil