by Athena and Bill Steen - Cohabitat

Earthen Floors
an introduction
Earthen floors are one of the oldest flooring method used
throughout the world in many climates and conditions. They
have ranged from basic dirt, hardened and "sealed" from years
of use, to elaborate clay mixtures poured in place, leveled,
and highly polished. Because of their natural warmth, softness,
and brcatliability, earthen floors make very comfortable living
surfaces.
Since local clay/soils can often be used and specialized
labor is not required, earthen floors can be inexpensive More
forgiving than brick, tile or concrete, they are easier to install,
or repair. Well built floors can be quite durable even under
high traffic. Once sealed, they can be swept, mopped or waxed
the same as other floors.
Earthen floors can be finished to look as one likes;
smooth and shiny or more "earthy" - slightly matted and
textured with flecks of straw. Wood can be placed into the
floor to create a grid-like pattern, or the surface can be scored
to look like tile. Different colored clays can be added to vary
the color. Earthen floors can also be used as sub-flooring for
coverings such as tile or carpet, and can be installed directly
over existing concrete slabs.
One of the most beautiful things about earthen floors, is
that there is no one way of constructing one. Formulas for
constructing earthen floors vary according to available
materials, cultural traditions, climatic conditions and
individual preferences. This booklet covens a few formulas
that we have worked with succesfully. With some
experimentation, testing and a basic understanding of the
general principles, it will be possible to create your own
earthen floor, that will be long-lasting, natural and beautiful.