Head First HTML with CSS

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all about quotes and blockquotes Q: So let me see if I have this right: I use when I just want to have some quote in with the rest of my paragraph, and I use when I have a quote that I want to break out on its own in my Web page? A: You’ve got it. In general you’ll use if you want to quote something that was a paragraph or more, while you can use anytime you just want to throw in a quote as part of your running text. Q: Multiple paragraphs in a block quote? How do I do that? A: Easy. Just put paragraph elements inside your , one for each paragraph. Do try this at home. Q: How do I know what my quotes or block quotes will look like in other browsers? It sounds like they may handle it differently. A: Yes. Welcome to the World Wide Web. You don’t really know what your quotes will look like without trying them out in different browsers. Some browsers use double quotes, some use italics and some use nothing at all. The only way to really determine how they’ll look is to style them yourself, and we’ll certainly be doing that later. 92 Chapter 3 there are no Dumb Questions Q: I get that the breaks its text out into a little block of its own and indents it, so why isn’t the inside the paragraph, just like the element is? A: Because the really is like a new paragraph. Think about this as if you were typing it into a word processor. When you finish one paragraph you hit the return key twice and start a new paragraph. To type a block quote you’d do the same thing and indent the quote. Put this in the back of your mind for a moment; it’s an important point and we’re going to come back to it in a sec. Also, remember that the indenting is just the way some browsers display a . Not all browsers use indentation for , and those that do might not in new versions. So, don’t rely on a to look the same in all browsers. Q: Can I combine quote elements? For instance, could I use the element inside the element? A: Sure. Just like you can put a element inside the element, you can put inside . You might do this if you’re quoting someone who quoted someone else. But, a inside a doesn’t really make sense, does it? Q: You said that we can style these elements with CSS, so if I want to make the text in my element italics and gray, I can do that with CSS. But couldn’t I just use the element to italicize my quotes? A: Well, you could, but it wouldn’t be the right way to do it, because you’d be using the element for its effect on the display rather than because you’re really writing emphasized text. If the person you were quoting really did emphasize a word, or you want to add emphasis to make a strong point about the quote, then go right ahead and use the element inside your quote. But don’t do it simply for the italics. There are easier and better ways to get the look you want for your elements with CSS.
Solved: The Case of the Elements Separated at Birth How were the identical quote twins found to be imposters so quickly? As you’ve no doubt guessed by now, and were discovered as soon as they went to work and began to mark up text. ’s normally unobtrusive little quotes were popping out into blocks of their own, while ’s quotes were suddenly being lost inside regular paragraphs of text. In follow-up interviews with the victims of the pranks, one editor complained, “I lost an entire page of liner quotes thanks to these wackos.” After being reprimanded and sent back to their respective jobs, and fessed up to their wives, who immediately left town together in a T-Bird convertible. But that’s a whole ’nother story (it didn’t end well). Five-Minute Mystery Solved building blocks you are here 93
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Head First HTML with CSS and XHTML
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the authors Authors of Head First H
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table of contents x 1 The No pressu
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table of contents xii h2 img h2 h2
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table of contents xiv Here’s a lo
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table of contents xvi 7 Putting I l
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table of contents 1 0 3 2 xviii 4 5
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table of contents xx Weekly Elixir
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table of contents xxii 13 tables an
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table of contents xxiv 15 The i Ind
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how to use this book Who is this bo
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how to use this book xxviii intro W
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how to use this book Here’s what
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how to use this book Read Me This i
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the review team Tech Reviewers Lous
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1 getting to know HTML The Language
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What does the Web server do? Web se
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What the browser creates... When th
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Sharpen your pencil You’re closer
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Your big break at Starbuzz Coffee S
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Creating the Starbuzz Web page Of c
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Step four: Change your TextEdit Pre
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Step two: Open Notepad Once you’v
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Meanwhile, back at Starbuzz Coffee.
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Opening your Web page in a browser
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Starbuzz Coffee Beverages House
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Are we there yet? You have an HTML
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Tags dissected... Okay, you’ve se
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Exercise Starbuzz Coffee’s Missio
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Meet the style element To add style
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Cruisin’ with style... It’s tim
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Exercise Now that you’ve put a li
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HTML CSS Right. In fact we’re tot
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6 6 15 6 6 15 14 Across HTMLcross I
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Starbuzz Coffee Beverage
Page 79 and 80: Exercise Solutions Starbuzz Coffe
Page 81 and 82: 2 going further, with hypertext Mee
Page 83 and 84: elixir.html A page listing some ref
Page 85 and 86: 2 3 Edit lounge.html Open “lounge
Page 87 and 88: What does the browser do? 1 First,
Page 89 and 90: Understanding attributes Attributes
Page 91 and 92: Attributes Exposed This week’s in
Page 93 and 94: Label Destination What you write in
Page 95 and 96: Organizing the lounge... Let’s gi
Page 97 and 98: I think the problem is that the bro
Page 99 and 100: 3 4 Trace a path from the source to
Page 101 and 102: Going the other way; linking up int
Page 103 and 104: Q: What’s a parent folder? If I h
Page 105 and 106: Finding the path from “elixir.htm
Page 107 and 108: BULLET POINTS When you want to lin
Page 109 and 110: It’s time for the competition to
Page 111 and 112: Exercise Solutions Head First Lou
Page 113 and 114: Sharpen your pencil Solution “abo
Page 115 and 116: 3 building blocks We better find so
Page 117 and 118: From Journal to Web site, at 12mph
Page 119 and 120: From a sketch to an outline Now tha
Page 121 and 122: Don’t forget, you always need the
Page 123 and 124: Adding some new elements You have t
Page 125 and 126: Wait a sec... you removed the doubl
Page 127 and 128: Five-Minute Mystery The Case of the
Page 129: Adding a Let’s get a into Tony
Page 133 and 134: there are no Dumb Questions Q: I th
Page 135 and 136: Inline Block Well, a lot of people
Page 137 and 138: Exercise Here’s what the changes
Page 139 and 140: Q: So, the only purpose of is to i
Page 141 and 142: Remember, it’s important to use t
Page 143 and 144: Step Two: Enclose your list items w
Page 145 and 146: Exercise Here’s another list from
Page 147 and 148: Putting one element inside anoth
Page 149 and 150: Using nesting to make sure your tag
Page 151 and 152: A bunch of HTML elements, in full c
Page 153 and 154: Q: Wow, I never knew the browser co
Page 155 and 156: BULLET POINTS n n n Rockin’ page.
Page 157 and 158: Exercise Solutions Here’s the rew
Page 159 and 160: Top 100 Top 100 Dark Side of the
Page 161: Exercise Solutions 9 L 7 B Across 4
Page 164 and 165: getting on the web Getting Starbuzz
Page 166 and 167: what’s the goal A Web Detour HELL
Page 168 and 169: what’s the goal A Web Detour Movi
Page 170 and 171: what’s the goal A Web Detour As m
Page 172 and 173: A Web Detour Q: My hosting company
Page 174 and 175: uniform resource locators Mainstree
Page 176 and 177: absolute paths to your files What
Page 178 and 179: easier urls 140 Chapter 4 I’d lik
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142 Chapter 4 Earl needs a little h
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linking to other web pages How do w
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testing those links And now for the
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time for a little mystery Five-Minu
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est practices for your links The ti
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creating destinations Using the el
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linking to a destination anchor Now
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case solved, its all about relative
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targeting windows Opening a new win
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a little brain crossover 160 Chapte
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exercise solutions Sharpen your pen
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exercise solutions Exercise Solutio
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images in your html How the browser
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how browsers load images 3 4 Having
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differences between gif and jpeg He
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when to use gif or jpeg 172 Chapter
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using urls with images : it’s not
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use the alt attribute for accessibi
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a fan site for ipods Creating the u
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inserting an image Sharpen your pen
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all about image sizes Q: What’s w
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choosing a photo editor 184 Chapter
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esizing an image Resizing the image
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using save for web As you can see,
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image saving and quality Save the i
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comparing image settings d 192 Chap
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viewing mypod with resized images T
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using thumbnail images Create the t
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images and layout Take myPod for an
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adding individual image pages Creat
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adding links to images Add the imag
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adding a logo 204 Chapter 5 The myP
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choosing between gif and jpeg What
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creating a transparent gif Save the
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setting a matte color Set the matte
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testing the transparent gif And now
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eview using images with html 214 Ch
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exercise solutions 216 Chapter 5 Ex
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6 standards, compliance, and all th
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standards, compliance, and all that
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HTML 4.01 Ah, the good life. HTML 4
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We can’t have your pages putting
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Okay, I think we’ve got it now. L
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See, piece of cake. The DOCTYPE is
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Validating the Head First Lounge We
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Fixing that error Okay, this looks
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See, we’re getting this error mes
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Making the validator (and more than
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Okay, it’s been more than a “fe
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I think we’ve been pretty darn st
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Do we have validation? standards, c
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Fixing the nesting problem So it lo
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Q: Okay, I think I get all this, an
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Webville Guide to Strict HTML 4.01
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there are no Dumb Questions Q: That
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Transitional Strict So, you’re ju
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Webville Forecast standards, com
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BULLET POINTS n HTML 4.01 is the HT
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Exercise Solutions standards, co
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7 moving to XHTML Putting an ‘X
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What is XML? Okay, we’re going to
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I don’t get it. We changed the DO
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XHTML is becoming the language of c
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If my HTML is transitional 4.01, an
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3 All empty tags should end in “
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Validation: it’s not just for HTM
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XHTML sounds like a good thing. Is
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HTML XHTML You’re forgetting a fe
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Across Micro XHTMLcross It’s been
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8 getting started with CSS Don’t
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getting started with css you are he
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Using CSS with XHTML We’re sure C
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Getting CSS into your XHTML Okay, y
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Cruising with style: the test drive
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Let’s put a line under the welcom
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Q: So how does that work when you h
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getting started with css Head F
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Sharpen your pencil Color in the el
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Getting the Lounge style into the e
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Linking from “lounge.html” to t
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Test driving the entire lounge... S
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Sharpen your pencil Now that you’
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It’s time to talk about your inhe
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Test drive your new CSS As usual, g
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Test drive Add a rule for the elem
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Adding a class to “elixir.html”
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A greentea test drive Save, and the
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Cool! Yes, that works. One more que
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And if we still don’t have a clea
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CSS XHTML You have to admit XHTML i
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If you have errors in your CSS, usu
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Making sure the Lounge CSS validate
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BULLET POINTS n n n CSS contains si
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Markup Magnets Solution Remember dr
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ody { } font-family: sans-serif; h1
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Who gets the inheritance? h1 and h2
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Exercise Solutions 2 S 11 L E R 3 1
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common text properties Text and fon
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overview of font families What is a
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develop your sense of fonts Bainbri
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improving tony’s journal Dusting
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some fonts questions Test driving T
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how to specify font sizes Adjusting
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using keywords for size 354 Chapter
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setting up tony’s font sizes Let
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some more questions on font size Q:
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using normal weight Test drive the
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using a font style Styling Tony’s
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overview of web colors How do Web c
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the color names 366 Chapter 9 Why d
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using rgb values Specify color in r
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understanding hex codes The two min
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using a photo editor for web colors
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put your hex skills to the test 374
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testing and more hex colors Test dr
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using a border instead of an underl
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a crossword on color 380 Chapter 9
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exercise solutions 382 Chapter 9 Cr
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10 the box model Getting Intimate w
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The music CDs and artists are style
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A very quick test drive Let’s do
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Getting ready for some major renova
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What is the border? Elements can ha
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Padding Margins Our guarantee: at t
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Meanwhile back at the lounge... We
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Creating the guarantee style Let’
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Padding, border, and margins for th
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A test drive with the margin When y
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Wait a sec, it seems like we have t
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Fixing the background image By defa
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Are we there yet? Make sure you sav
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Border Width The border-width prope
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Congratulations! Bravo! You’ve ta
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Head First: An id attribute? I thou
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But how do I use id in CSS? You sel
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Step Three: save your changes and r
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Using multiple style sheets So how
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Q: That’s pretty cool. So I can s
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XHTMLcross the box model You’re r
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Sharpen your pencil Solution Left m
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11 divs and spans Advanced Web Cons
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A close look at the elixirs XHTML A
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Let’s explore how we can divide a
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? brain power On a referral from th
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Q: So, a acts like a container tha
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Taking the for a test drive That w
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Adding some real style to the elixi
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Test driving the width Next, save t
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Well then how do we specify the wid
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Adding the basic styles to the elix
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That’s interesting because I noti
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We’re almost there... We’re clo
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What we need is a way to select des
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Changing the color of the elixir he
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Look what you’ve accomplished...
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But there’s more... Here’s anot
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there are no Dumb Questions Q: Shou
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Jim I was thinking we could just wr
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Step three: styling the s Before we
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Hey guys, I know you think you’re
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How can you style elements based on
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Putting those pseudo-classes to wor
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Isn’t it about time we talk about
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The cascade For this exercise, you
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Q: What makes a specificity number
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Step five: Finally, sort any confli
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Super brain power ?This is a specia
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Sharpen your pencil Solution h1 Her
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Sharpen your pencil Solution Your j
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12 layout and positioning Arranging
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Use the flow, Luke The Flow is what
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What about inline elements? So you
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One more thing you should know abou
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How to float an element Let’s ste
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Behind the scenes at the lounge Now
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The new Starbuzz Let’s take a qui
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layout and positioning from at
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a:link { color: #b76666; text-decor
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I have an idea. In the future, why
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Fixing the two-column problem Are y
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Test drive As usual, save your “s
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Back to clearing up the overlap pro
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Q: Do margins collapse on floated e
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Step One: start with the sidebar We
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Liquid and Frozen Designs All the d
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Test driving with a tank of jello A
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Another example of absolute positio
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Using absolute positioning We’re
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Time for the absolute test drive Ma
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One tradeoff you can make to fix th
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Positioning the award We want the a
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Float Absolute layout and positioni
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Sharpen your pencil Time to put all
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How does fixed positioning work? Co
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Putting the coupon on the page Add
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Getting relative This is it, the la
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To three-columns and beyond... Whil
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XHTMLcross layout and positioning T
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Exercise Solutions Sharpen your pen
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Solution 12 F 5 J 1 V 2 F 3 Z 4 C I
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something new from tony 550 Chapter
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an xhtml table How to create a tabl
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tables up close Tables dissected Yo
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testing you on tables Artist Album
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checking out the unstyled table Tes
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tables and style Now let’s style
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cells and the box model 562 Chapter
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dealing with table borders Getting
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coloring cells How about some color
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using table spans Another look at T
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testing your table knowledge 570 Ch
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we need a nested table Four out of
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testing and improvements Test drivi
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how to override nested styles Overr
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ack to styling lists Giving the lis
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some finer points about styling lis
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some left brain action 582 Chapter
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exercise solutions Sharpen your pen
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exercise solutions 588 Chapter 13 J
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exercise solutions 1 S 590 Chapter
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owsers and forms How forms work If
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how to write a form What you write
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the form element How the form eleme
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overview of form elements What can
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more form elements What can go in a
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the bean machine Here’s what the
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creating the form Getting ready to
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form element names How form element
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adding input elements Back to getti
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using a select Adding the element
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providing choices ? brain power Cha
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adding checkboxes Exercise 614 Chap
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successful submission The final tes
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match the form names Your informat
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form methods: get and post POST GET
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test yourself, get and post Sharpen
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tabular versus presentation 624 Cha
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deciding how to style forms To Tabl
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the xhtml, continued Ship to: N
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styling the form Styling the form a
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other form elements What more could
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eview of forms 634 Chapter 14 BULLE
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exercise solutions 636 Chapter 14 S
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the end 638 Chapter 14 Congratulati
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specialized selectors #1 More Selec
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splitting your pages #2 Frames HTML
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web tools #4 Tools for Creating Web
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generating pages #6 Server-side Scr
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etter printing with css #8 More abo
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etter looking blogs #10 Blogs Weblo
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the index block elements flow 488-4
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the index CSS (continued) using wit
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the index forms (continued) picking
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the index images (continued) users
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the index No Dumb Questions !import
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the index passwords in forms 633 PD
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the index spanning rows and columns
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the index text, font size (continue
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