Head First HTML with CSS

More documents

Recommendations

Info

what’s the goal A Web Detour As much FTP as you can possibly fit in two pages Seriously, this really is an HTML and CSS book, but we didn’t want to leave you up a creek without a paddle. So, here’s a very quick guide to using FTP to get your files on the Web. Keep in mind your hosting company might have a few suggestions for the best way to transfer your files to their servers (and since you are paying them, get their help). After the next few pages, we’re off our detour and back to HTML and CSS until we reach the end of the book (we promise). We’ll assume you’ve found an FTP application. Some are command-line driven, some have complete graphical interfaces, and some are even built into applications like Dreamweaver and GoLive. They all use the same commands, but with some applications you type them in yourself, while in others you use a graphical interface. Here’s how FTP works from 10,000 feet: 1 First connect to your server using FTP. 2 Use the “cd” command to change your current directory to the directory where you want to transfer files. 3 Transfer your files to the server using the “put” command. 132 Chapter 4 starbuzz starbuzz index.html mission.html index.html mission.html ftp www.starbuzzcoffee.com put index.html cd starbuzz . . . index.html To connect, you’ll need a username and password supplied by your hosting company. www.starbuzzcoffee.com www.starbuzzcoffee.com www.starbuzzcoffee.com starbuzz starbuzz starbuzz The words “folder” and “directory” are interchangeable. Most FTP applications use the word “directory”. In other words, make sure you’re in the folder “starbuzz” on the server before you transfer your files there. Changes your directory to starbuzz Transfers a copy of the “index.html” file into the current directory on the server. . . . index.html
4 You can also make a new directory on the server with the “mkdir” command. starbuzz 5 You can retrieve files too, with the “get” command. starbuzz File Edit Window Help Jam %ftp www.starbuzzcoffee.com Connected to www.starbuzzcoffee.com Name: headfirst Password:****** 230 User headfirst logged in. ftp> dir drwx------ 4096 Sep 5 15:07 starbuzz ftp> cd starbuzz CWD command successful ftp> put index.html Transfer complete. ftp> dir -rw------- 1022 Sep 5 15:07 index.html ftp> mkdir images Directory successfully created ftp> cd images CWD command successful ftp> bye index.html mission.html index.html mission.html mkdir images get index.html . . . index.html Let’s put all that together. Here’s an example of FTP being used from a command-line application: Change to the starbuzz directory. www.starbuzzcoffee.com www.starbuzzcoffee.com Connect and login. Get a directory of what is there. One directory called starbuzz. Transfer index.html there. Look at the directory, there’s index.html. Make a directory for images, and then quit using the bye command FTP commands getting connected A Web Detour This is just like making a new folder, only you’re doing it on the server, not your own computer. starbuzz images starbuzz images . . . index.html . . . index.html Most FTP applications come with much friendlier graphical interfaces, so feel free to skip right over this if you’re using one of those. Creates a new directory called “images”, inside the starbuzz directory on the server. Transfers a copy of the file from the server back to your computer. Whether you’re typing in FTP commands on the command-line, or using an FTP application with a graphical interface, the commands or operations you can perform are pretty much the same. dir: get a listing of the current directory. cd: change to another directory. “..” means up one directory here, too. pwd: display the current directory you’re in. put : transfers the specified filename to the server. get : retrieves the specified filename from the server, back to your computer. you are here 133
Page 1:
Upload by mohaa99 (show some respe
Page 4 and 5:
More Praise for Head First HTML wit
Page 6 and 7:
Other related books from O’Reilly
Page 8 and 9:
Head First HTML with CSS and XHTML
Page 10 and 11:
the authors Authors of Head First H
Page 12 and 13:
table of contents x 1 The No pressu
Page 14 and 15:
table of contents xii h2 img h2 h2
Page 16 and 17:
table of contents xiv Here’s a lo
Page 18 and 19:
table of contents xvi 7 Putting I l
Page 20 and 21:
table of contents 1 0 3 2 xviii 4 5
Page 22 and 23:
table of contents xx Weekly Elixir
Page 24 and 25:
table of contents xxii 13 tables an
Page 26 and 27:
table of contents xxiv 15 The i Ind
Page 28 and 29:
how to use this book Who is this bo
Page 30 and 31:
how to use this book xxviii intro W
Page 32 and 33:
how to use this book Here’s what
Page 34 and 35:
how to use this book Read Me This i
Page 36 and 37:
the review team Tech Reviewers Lous
Page 39 and 40:
1 getting to know HTML The Language
Page 41 and 42:
What does the Web server do? Web se
Page 43 and 44:
What the browser creates... When th
Page 45 and 46:
Sharpen your pencil You’re closer
Page 47 and 48:
Your big break at Starbuzz Coffee S
Page 49 and 50:
Creating the Starbuzz Web page Of c
Page 51 and 52:
Step four: Change your TextEdit Pre
Page 53 and 54:
Step two: Open Notepad Once you’v
Page 55 and 56:
Meanwhile, back at Starbuzz Coffee.
Page 57 and 58:
Opening your Web page in a browser
Page 59 and 60:
Starbuzz Coffee Beverages House
Page 61 and 62:
Are we there yet? You have an HTML
Page 63 and 64:
Tags dissected... Okay, you’ve se
Page 65 and 66:
Exercise Starbuzz Coffee’s Missio
Page 67 and 68:
Meet the style element To add style
Page 69 and 70:
Cruisin’ with style... It’s tim
Page 71 and 72:
Exercise Now that you’ve put a li
Page 73 and 74:
HTML CSS Right. In fact we’re tot
Page 75 and 76:
6 6 15 6 6 15 14 Across HTMLcross I
Page 77 and 78:
Starbuzz Coffee Beverage
Page 79 and 80:
Exercise Solutions Starbuzz Coffe
Page 81 and 82:
2 going further, with hypertext Mee
Page 83 and 84:
elixir.html A page listing some ref
Page 85 and 86:
2 3 Edit lounge.html Open “lounge
Page 87 and 88:
What does the browser do? 1 First,
Page 89 and 90:
Understanding attributes Attributes
Page 91 and 92:
Attributes Exposed This week’s in
Page 93 and 94:
Label Destination What you write in
Page 95 and 96:
Organizing the lounge... Let’s gi
Page 97 and 98:
I think the problem is that the bro
Page 99 and 100:
3 4 Trace a path from the source to
Page 101 and 102:
Going the other way; linking up int
Page 103 and 104:
Q: What’s a parent folder? If I h
Page 105 and 106:
Finding the path from “elixir.htm
Page 107 and 108:
BULLET POINTS When you want to lin
Page 109 and 110:
It’s time for the competition to
Page 111 and 112:
Exercise Solutions Head First Lou
Page 113 and 114:
Sharpen your pencil Solution “abo
Page 115 and 116:
3 building blocks We better find so
Page 117 and 118:
From Journal to Web site, at 12mph
Page 119 and 120: From a sketch to an outline Now tha
Page 121 and 122: Don’t forget, you always need the
Page 123 and 124: Adding some new elements You have t
Page 125 and 126: Wait a sec... you removed the doubl
Page 127 and 128: Five-Minute Mystery The Case of the
Page 129 and 130: Adding a Let’s get a into Tony
Page 131 and 132: Solved: The Case of the Elements Se
Page 133 and 134: there are no Dumb Questions Q: I th
Page 135 and 136: Inline Block Well, a lot of people
Page 137 and 138: Exercise Here’s what the changes
Page 139 and 140: Q: So, the only purpose of is to i
Page 141 and 142: Remember, it’s important to use t
Page 143 and 144: Step Two: Enclose your list items w
Page 145 and 146: Exercise Here’s another list from
Page 147 and 148: Putting one element inside anoth
Page 149 and 150: Using nesting to make sure your tag
Page 151 and 152: A bunch of HTML elements, in full c
Page 153 and 154: Q: Wow, I never knew the browser co
Page 155 and 156: BULLET POINTS n n n Rockin’ page.
Page 157 and 158: Exercise Solutions Here’s the rew
Page 159 and 160: Top 100 Top 100 Dark Side of the
Page 161: Exercise Solutions 9 L 7 B Across 4
Page 164 and 165: getting on the web Getting Starbuzz
Page 166 and 167: what’s the goal A Web Detour HELL
Page 168 and 169: what’s the goal A Web Detour Movi
Page 172 and 173: A Web Detour Q: My hosting company
Page 174 and 175: uniform resource locators Mainstree
Page 176 and 177: absolute paths to your files What
Page 178 and 179: easier urls 140 Chapter 4 I’d lik
Page 180 and 181: 142 Chapter 4 Earl needs a little h
Page 182 and 183: linking to other web pages How do w
Page 184 and 185: testing those links And now for the
Page 186 and 187: time for a little mystery Five-Minu
Page 188 and 189: est practices for your links The ti
Page 190 and 191: creating destinations Using the el
Page 192 and 193: linking to a destination anchor Now
Page 194 and 195: case solved, its all about relative
Page 196 and 197: targeting windows Opening a new win
Page 198 and 199: a little brain crossover 160 Chapte
Page 200 and 201: exercise solutions Sharpen your pen
Page 202 and 203: exercise solutions Exercise Solutio
Page 204 and 205: images in your html How the browser
Page 206 and 207: how browsers load images 3 4 Having
Page 208 and 209: differences between gif and jpeg He
Page 210 and 211: when to use gif or jpeg 172 Chapter
Page 212 and 213: using urls with images : it’s not
Page 214 and 215: use the alt attribute for accessibi
Page 216 and 217: a fan site for ipods Creating the u
Page 218 and 219: inserting an image Sharpen your pen
Page 220 and 221:
all about image sizes Q: What’s w
Page 222 and 223:
choosing a photo editor 184 Chapter
Page 224 and 225:
esizing an image Resizing the image
Page 226 and 227:
using save for web As you can see,
Page 228 and 229:
image saving and quality Save the i
Page 230 and 231:
comparing image settings d 192 Chap
Page 232 and 233:
viewing mypod with resized images T
Page 234 and 235:
using thumbnail images Create the t
Page 236 and 237:
images and layout Take myPod for an
Page 238 and 239:
adding individual image pages Creat
Page 240 and 241:
adding links to images Add the imag
Page 242 and 243:
adding a logo 204 Chapter 5 The myP
Page 244 and 245:
choosing between gif and jpeg What
Page 246 and 247:
creating a transparent gif Save the
Page 248 and 249:
setting a matte color Set the matte
Page 250 and 251:
testing the transparent gif And now
Page 252 and 253:
eview using images with html 214 Ch
Page 254 and 255:
exercise solutions 216 Chapter 5 Ex
Page 256 and 257:
exercise solutions Exercise Solutio
Page 258 and 259:
Page 261 and 262:
6 standards, compliance, and all th
Page 263 and 264:
standards, compliance, and all that
Page 265 and 266:
HTML 4.01 Ah, the good life. HTML 4
Page 267 and 268:
We can’t have your pages putting
Page 269 and 270:
Okay, I think we’ve got it now. L
Page 271 and 272:
See, piece of cake. The DOCTYPE is
Page 273 and 274:
Validating the Head First Lounge We
Page 275 and 276:
Fixing that error Okay, this looks
Page 277 and 278:
See, we’re getting this error mes
Page 279 and 280:
Making the validator (and more than
Page 281 and 282:
Okay, it’s been more than a “fe
Page 283 and 284:
I think we’ve been pretty darn st
Page 285 and 286:
Do we have validation? standards, c
Page 287 and 288:
Fixing the nesting problem So it lo
Page 289 and 290:
Q: Okay, I think I get all this, an
Page 291 and 292:
Webville Guide to Strict HTML 4.01
Page 293 and 294:
there are no Dumb Questions Q: That
Page 295 and 296:
Transitional Strict So, you’re ju
Page 297 and 298:
Webville Forecast standards, com
Page 299 and 300:
BULLET POINTS n HTML 4.01 is the HT
Page 301 and 302:
Exercise Solutions standards, co
Page 303 and 304:
7 moving to XHTML Putting an ‘X
Page 305 and 306:
What is XML? Okay, we’re going to
Page 307 and 308:
I don’t get it. We changed the DO
Page 309 and 310:
XHTML is becoming the language of c
Page 311 and 312:
If my HTML is transitional 4.01, an
Page 313 and 314:
3 All empty tags should end in “
Page 315 and 316:
Validation: it’s not just for HTM
Page 317 and 318:
XHTML sounds like a good thing. Is
Page 319 and 320:
HTML XHTML You’re forgetting a fe
Page 321 and 322:
Across Micro XHTMLcross It’s been
Page 323 and 324:
8 getting started with CSS Don’t
Page 325 and 326:
getting started with css you are he
Page 327 and 328:
Using CSS with XHTML We’re sure C
Page 329 and 330:
Getting CSS into your XHTML Okay, y
Page 331 and 332:
Cruising with style: the test drive
Page 333 and 334:
Let’s put a line under the welcom
Page 335 and 336:
Q: So how does that work when you h
Page 337 and 338:
getting started with css Head F
Page 339 and 340:
Sharpen your pencil Color in the el
Page 341 and 342:
Getting the Lounge style into the e
Page 343 and 344:
Linking from “lounge.html” to t
Page 345 and 346:
Test driving the entire lounge... S
Page 347 and 348:
Sharpen your pencil Now that you’
Page 349 and 350:
It’s time to talk about your inhe
Page 351 and 352:
Test drive your new CSS As usual, g
Page 353 and 354:
Test drive Add a rule for the elem
Page 355 and 356:
Adding a class to “elixir.html”
Page 357 and 358:
A greentea test drive Save, and the
Page 359 and 360:
Cool! Yes, that works. One more que
Page 361 and 362:
And if we still don’t have a clea
Page 363 and 364:
CSS XHTML You have to admit XHTML i
Page 365 and 366:
If you have errors in your CSS, usu
Page 367 and 368:
Making sure the Lounge CSS validate
Page 369 and 370:
BULLET POINTS n n n CSS contains si
Page 371 and 372:
Markup Magnets Solution Remember dr
Page 373 and 374:
ody { } font-family: sans-serif; h1
Page 375 and 376:
Who gets the inheritance? h1 and h2
Page 377:
Exercise Solutions 2 S 11 L E R 3 1
Page 380 and 381:
common text properties Text and fon
Page 382 and 383:
overview of font families What is a
Page 384 and 385:
develop your sense of fonts Bainbri
Page 386 and 387:
improving tony’s journal Dusting
Page 388 and 389:
some fonts questions Test driving T
Page 390 and 391:
how to specify font sizes Adjusting
Page 392 and 393:
using keywords for size 354 Chapter
Page 394 and 395:
setting up tony’s font sizes Let
Page 396 and 397:
some more questions on font size Q:
Page 398 and 399:
using normal weight Test drive the
Page 400 and 401:
using a font style Styling Tony’s
Page 402 and 403:
overview of web colors How do Web c
Page 404 and 405:
the color names 366 Chapter 9 Why d
Page 406 and 407:
using rgb values Specify color in r
Page 408 and 409:
understanding hex codes The two min
Page 410 and 411:
using a photo editor for web colors
Page 412 and 413:
put your hex skills to the test 374
Page 414 and 415:
testing and more hex colors Test dr
Page 416 and 417:
using a border instead of an underl
Page 418 and 419:
a crossword on color 380 Chapter 9
Page 420 and 421:
exercise solutions 382 Chapter 9 Cr
Page 423 and 424:
10 the box model Getting Intimate w
Page 425 and 426:
The music CDs and artists are style
Page 427 and 428:
A very quick test drive Let’s do
Page 429 and 430:
Getting ready for some major renova
Page 431 and 432:
What is the border? Elements can ha
Page 433 and 434:
Padding Margins Our guarantee: at t
Page 435 and 436:
Meanwhile back at the lounge... We
Page 437 and 438:
Creating the guarantee style Let’
Page 439 and 440:
Padding, border, and margins for th
Page 441 and 442:
A test drive with the margin When y
Page 443 and 444:
Wait a sec, it seems like we have t
Page 445 and 446:
Fixing the background image By defa
Page 447 and 448:
Are we there yet? Make sure you sav
Page 449 and 450:
Border Width The border-width prope
Page 451 and 452:
Congratulations! Bravo! You’ve ta
Page 453 and 454:
Head First: An id attribute? I thou
Page 455 and 456:
But how do I use id in CSS? You sel
Page 457 and 458:
Step Three: save your changes and r
Page 459 and 460:
Using multiple style sheets So how
Page 461 and 462:
Q: That’s pretty cool. So I can s
Page 463 and 464:
XHTMLcross the box model You’re r
Page 465 and 466:
Sharpen your pencil Solution Left m
Page 467 and 468:
11 divs and spans Advanced Web Cons
Page 469 and 470:
A close look at the elixirs XHTML A
Page 471 and 472:
Let’s explore how we can divide a
Page 473 and 474:
? brain power On a referral from th
Page 475 and 476:
Q: So, a acts like a container tha
Page 477 and 478:
Taking the for a test drive That w
Page 479 and 480:
Adding some real style to the elixi
Page 481 and 482:
Test driving the width Next, save t
Page 483 and 484:
Well then how do we specify the wid
Page 485 and 486:
Adding the basic styles to the elix
Page 487 and 488:
That’s interesting because I noti
Page 489 and 490:
We’re almost there... We’re clo
Page 491 and 492:
What we need is a way to select des
Page 493 and 494:
Changing the color of the elixir he
Page 495 and 496:
Look what you’ve accomplished...
Page 497 and 498:
But there’s more... Here’s anot
Page 499 and 500:
there are no Dumb Questions Q: Shou
Page 501 and 502:
Jim I was thinking we could just wr
Page 503 and 504:
Step three: styling the s Before we
Page 505 and 506:
Hey guys, I know you think you’re
Page 507 and 508:
How can you style elements based on
Page 509 and 510:
Putting those pseudo-classes to wor
Page 511 and 512:
Isn’t it about time we talk about
Page 513 and 514:
The cascade For this exercise, you
Page 515 and 516:
Q: What makes a specificity number
Page 517 and 518:
Step five: Finally, sort any confli
Page 519 and 520:
Super brain power ?This is a specia
Page 521 and 522:
Sharpen your pencil Solution h1 Her
Page 523 and 524:
Sharpen your pencil Solution Your j
Page 525 and 526:
12 layout and positioning Arranging
Page 527 and 528:
Use the flow, Luke The Flow is what
Page 529 and 530:
What about inline elements? So you
Page 531 and 532:
One more thing you should know abou
Page 533 and 534:
How to float an element Let’s ste
Page 535 and 536:
Behind the scenes at the lounge Now
Page 537 and 538:
The new Starbuzz Let’s take a qui
Page 539 and 540:
layout and positioning from at
Page 541 and 542:
a:link { color: #b76666; text-decor
Page 543 and 544:
I have an idea. In the future, why
Page 545 and 546:
Fixing the two-column problem Are y
Page 547 and 548:
Test drive As usual, save your “s
Page 549 and 550:
Back to clearing up the overlap pro
Page 551 and 552:
Q: Do margins collapse on floated e
Page 553 and 554:
Step One: start with the sidebar We
Page 555 and 556:
Liquid and Frozen Designs All the d
Page 557 and 558:
Test driving with a tank of jello A
Page 559 and 560:
Another example of absolute positio
Page 561 and 562:
Using absolute positioning We’re
Page 563 and 564:
Time for the absolute test drive Ma
Page 565 and 566:
One tradeoff you can make to fix th
Page 567 and 568:
Positioning the award We want the a
Page 569 and 570:
Float Absolute layout and positioni
Page 571 and 572:
Sharpen your pencil Time to put all
Page 573 and 574:
How does fixed positioning work? Co
Page 575 and 576:
Putting the coupon on the page Add
Page 577 and 578:
Getting relative This is it, the la
Page 579 and 580:
To three-columns and beyond... Whil
Page 581 and 582:
XHTMLcross layout and positioning T
Page 583 and 584:
Exercise Solutions Sharpen your pen
Page 585:
Solution 12 F 5 J 1 V 2 F 3 Z 4 C I
Page 588 and 589:
something new from tony 550 Chapter
Page 590 and 591:
an xhtml table How to create a tabl
Page 592 and 593:
tables up close Tables dissected Yo
Page 594 and 595:
testing you on tables Artist Album
Page 596 and 597:
checking out the unstyled table Tes
Page 598 and 599:
tables and style Now let’s style
Page 600 and 601:
cells and the box model 562 Chapter
Page 602 and 603:
dealing with table borders Getting
Page 604 and 605:
coloring cells How about some color
Page 606 and 607:
using table spans Another look at T
Page 608 and 609:
testing your table knowledge 570 Ch
Page 610 and 611:
we need a nested table Four out of
Page 612 and 613:
testing and improvements Test drivi
Page 614 and 615:
how to override nested styles Overr
Page 616 and 617:
ack to styling lists Giving the lis
Page 618 and 619:
some finer points about styling lis
Page 620 and 621:
some left brain action 582 Chapter
Page 622 and 623:
Page 624 and 625:
exercise solutions Sharpen your pen
Page 626 and 627:
exercise solutions 588 Chapter 13 J
Page 628 and 629:
exercise solutions 1 S 590 Chapter
Page 630 and 631:
owsers and forms How forms work If
Page 632 and 633:
how to write a form What you write
Page 634 and 635:
the form element How the form eleme
Page 636 and 637:
overview of form elements What can
Page 638 and 639:
more form elements What can go in a
Page 640 and 641:
the bean machine Here’s what the
Page 642 and 643:
creating the form Getting ready to
Page 644 and 645:
form element names How form element
Page 646 and 647:
adding input elements Back to getti
Page 648 and 649:
using a select Adding the element
Page 650 and 651:
providing choices ? brain power Cha
Page 652 and 653:
adding checkboxes Exercise 614 Chap
Page 654 and 655:
successful submission The final tes
Page 656 and 657:
match the form names Your informat
Page 658 and 659:
form methods: get and post POST GET
Page 660 and 661:
test yourself, get and post Sharpen
Page 662 and 663:
tabular versus presentation 624 Cha
Page 664 and 665:
deciding how to style forms To Tabl
Page 666 and 667:
the xhtml, continued Ship to: N
Page 668 and 669:
styling the form Styling the form a
Page 670 and 671:
other form elements What more could
Page 672 and 673:
eview of forms 634 Chapter 14 BULLE
Page 674 and 675:
exercise solutions 636 Chapter 14 S
Page 676 and 677:
the end 638 Chapter 14 Congratulati
Page 678 and 679:
specialized selectors #1 More Selec
Page 680 and 681:
splitting your pages #2 Frames HTML
Page 682 and 683:
web tools #4 Tools for Creating Web
Page 684 and 685:
generating pages #6 Server-side Scr
Page 686 and 687:
etter printing with css #8 More abo
Page 688 and 689:
etter looking blogs #10 Blogs Weblo
Page 690 and 691:
the index block elements flow 488-4
Page 692 and 693:
the index CSS (continued) using wit
Page 694 and 695:
the index forms (continued) picking
Page 696 and 697:
the index images (continued) users
Page 698 and 699:
the index No Dumb Questions !import
Page 700 and 701:
the index passwords in forms 633 PD
Page 702 and 703:
the index spanning rows and columns
Page 704 and 705:
the index text, font size (continue
show all

Head First HTML with CSS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?