Head First HTML with CSS

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generating pages #6 Server-side Scripting Many Web pages aren’t created by hand, but are generated by Web applications running on a server. For example, think about an online order system where a server is generating pages as you step through the order process. Or, an online forum, where there’s a server generating pages based on forum messages that are stored in a database somewhere. We used a Web application to process the form you created in Chapter 14 for the Starbuzz Bean Machine. Many hosting companies will let you create your own Web applications by writing server-side scripts and programs. Here’s a few things server-side scripting will allow you to do: n Build an online store complete with products, a shopping cart, and an order system. n Personalize your pages for each user based on their preferences. n Deliver up to date news, events, and information. n Allow users to search your site directly. n Allow your users to help build the content of your site. To create Web applications, you’ll need to know a server-side scripting or programming language. There are a lot of competing languages for Web development and you’re likely to get differing opinions on which language is best depending on who you ask. In fact, Web languages are a little like automobiles: you can drive anything from a Yugo to a Hummer, and each has its own strengths and weaknesses (cost, ease of use, size, economy, and so on). Web languages are constantly evolving; PHP, Python, Perl, Ruby on Rails, and JavaServer Pages (JSPs) are all commonly used. If you’re new to programming, PHP may be the easiest language to start with, and there are millions of PHP-driven Web pages, so you’d be in good company. If you have some programming experience, you may want to try JSPs. If you’re more aligned with the Microsoft technologies, then you’ll want to look at VB.NET and ASP.NET as a server-side solution. Here are a few books that can get you started: A Brain-Friendly Guide Head First PH P & MySQL Discover the secrets behind dynamic, database-driven sites Av o i d embarrassing mishaps with web forms 646 Appendix Load all the key syntax directly into your brain Hook up your PHP and MySQL code Flex your scripting knowledge with dozens of exercises Lynn Beighley & Michael Morrison A Brain-Friendly Guide Head First Servlets & JSP Passing the Sun Certified Web Component Developer Exam Avoid deadly traps & gotchas on the 1.4 exam Test yourself with more than 200 realistic exam questions Learn how Ted improved his appeal with dynamic attributes Updated to cover the latest version of the SCWCD exam for J2EE 1.4 Use c:out to get your message to the world Fool around in the Custom Tag Library Bryan Basham, Kathy Sierra & Bert Bates 2nd Edition New Mock Exam Included TM
#7 Tuning for Search Engines Many users will find your site through search engines (like Google and Yahoo!). In some cases you may not want your site to be listed in the search engine rankings, and you can use XHTML to request that they not be listed. But, in other cases, you’ll want to do everything you can to tune your site so it appears high in the rankings when particular terms are searched for. Here are some general tips for improving the search engine results for your pages. But keep in mind that every search engine works differently and each considers different factors when deciding the order of its rankings. Improving your rankings Search engines use a combination of the words and phrases in your pages in their search rankings. To improve your rankings and help search engines determine what your page is about, start with two tags in your element: one to list keywords and the other to provide a description of your content. A keyword is a simple word or two that describes your site, like “coffee” or “travel journal”. Many search engines treat the words in your headings and the alt and title attributes with more weight than the rest of your text, so be sure to write concise and meaningful text in these elements and attributes. Finally, many search engines factor in the number of links to your site from other sites; the more sites that link to you, the more important your site must be. So, anything you can do to encourage others to link to your site can improve your search engine rankings. How do I keep my site from being listed? You can request that search engines ignore your pages, but there is no guarantee that all of them will. The only way to truly prevent others from finding your site is to make it private (discuss that with your hosting company). But if you want to request that your site not be listed, which works with most of the major search engines, just put a tag in the head of your XHTML, like this: This meta tag tells search engines to ignore this page, and any other pages on the same site that this page happens to link to. leftovers you are here 647
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Other related books from O’Reilly
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Head First HTML with CSS and XHTML
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the authors Authors of Head First H
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table of contents x 1 The No pressu
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table of contents xiv Here’s a lo
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table of contents xvi 7 Putting I l
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table of contents 1 0 3 2 xviii 4 5
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table of contents xx Weekly Elixir
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table of contents xxii 13 tables an
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table of contents xxiv 15 The i Ind
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how to use this book Who is this bo
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how to use this book xxviii intro W
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how to use this book Here’s what
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how to use this book Read Me This i
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the review team Tech Reviewers Lous
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1 getting to know HTML The Language
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What does the Web server do? Web se
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What the browser creates... When th
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Sharpen your pencil You’re closer
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Your big break at Starbuzz Coffee S
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Creating the Starbuzz Web page Of c
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Step four: Change your TextEdit Pre
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Step two: Open Notepad Once you’v
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Meanwhile, back at Starbuzz Coffee.
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Opening your Web page in a browser
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Starbuzz Coffee Beverages House
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Are we there yet? You have an HTML
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Tags dissected... Okay, you’ve se
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Exercise Starbuzz Coffee’s Missio
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Meet the style element To add style
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Cruisin’ with style... It’s tim
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Exercise Now that you’ve put a li
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HTML CSS Right. In fact we’re tot
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6 6 15 6 6 15 14 Across HTMLcross I
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Starbuzz Coffee Beverage
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Exercise Solutions Starbuzz Coffe
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2 going further, with hypertext Mee
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elixir.html A page listing some ref
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2 3 Edit lounge.html Open “lounge
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What does the browser do? 1 First,
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Understanding attributes Attributes
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Attributes Exposed This week’s in
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Label Destination What you write in
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Organizing the lounge... Let’s gi
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I think the problem is that the bro
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3 4 Trace a path from the source to
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Going the other way; linking up int
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Q: What’s a parent folder? If I h
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Finding the path from “elixir.htm
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BULLET POINTS When you want to lin
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It’s time for the competition to
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Exercise Solutions Head First Lou
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Sharpen your pencil Solution “abo
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3 building blocks We better find so
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From Journal to Web site, at 12mph
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From a sketch to an outline Now tha
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Don’t forget, you always need the
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Adding some new elements You have t
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Wait a sec... you removed the doubl
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Five-Minute Mystery The Case of the
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Adding a Let’s get a into Tony
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Solved: The Case of the Elements Se
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there are no Dumb Questions Q: I th
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Inline Block Well, a lot of people
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Exercise Here’s what the changes
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Q: So, the only purpose of is to i
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Remember, it’s important to use t
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Step Two: Enclose your list items w
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Exercise Here’s another list from
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Putting one element inside anoth
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Using nesting to make sure your tag
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A bunch of HTML elements, in full c
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Q: Wow, I never knew the browser co
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BULLET POINTS n n n Rockin’ page.
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Exercise Solutions Here’s the rew
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Top 100 Top 100 Dark Side of the
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Exercise Solutions 9 L 7 B Across 4
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getting on the web Getting Starbuzz
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what’s the goal A Web Detour HELL
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what’s the goal A Web Detour Movi
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what’s the goal A Web Detour As m
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A Web Detour Q: My hosting company
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uniform resource locators Mainstree
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absolute paths to your files What
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easier urls 140 Chapter 4 I’d lik
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142 Chapter 4 Earl needs a little h
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linking to other web pages How do w
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testing those links And now for the
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time for a little mystery Five-Minu
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est practices for your links The ti
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creating destinations Using the el
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linking to a destination anchor Now
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case solved, its all about relative
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targeting windows Opening a new win
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a little brain crossover 160 Chapte
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exercise solutions Sharpen your pen
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exercise solutions Exercise Solutio
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images in your html How the browser
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how browsers load images 3 4 Having
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differences between gif and jpeg He
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when to use gif or jpeg 172 Chapter
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using urls with images : it’s not
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use the alt attribute for accessibi
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a fan site for ipods Creating the u
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inserting an image Sharpen your pen
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all about image sizes Q: What’s w
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choosing a photo editor 184 Chapter
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esizing an image Resizing the image
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using save for web As you can see,
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image saving and quality Save the i
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comparing image settings d 192 Chap
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viewing mypod with resized images T
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using thumbnail images Create the t
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images and layout Take myPod for an
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adding individual image pages Creat
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adding links to images Add the imag
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adding a logo 204 Chapter 5 The myP
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choosing between gif and jpeg What
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creating a transparent gif Save the
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setting a matte color Set the matte
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testing the transparent gif And now
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eview using images with html 214 Ch
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exercise solutions 216 Chapter 5 Ex
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6 standards, compliance, and all th
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standards, compliance, and all that
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HTML 4.01 Ah, the good life. HTML 4
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We can’t have your pages putting
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Okay, I think we’ve got it now. L
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See, piece of cake. The DOCTYPE is
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Validating the Head First Lounge We
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Fixing that error Okay, this looks
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See, we’re getting this error mes
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Making the validator (and more than
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Okay, it’s been more than a “fe
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I think we’ve been pretty darn st
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Do we have validation? standards, c
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Fixing the nesting problem So it lo
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Q: Okay, I think I get all this, an
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Webville Guide to Strict HTML 4.01
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there are no Dumb Questions Q: That
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Transitional Strict So, you’re ju
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Webville Forecast standards, com
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BULLET POINTS n HTML 4.01 is the HT
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Exercise Solutions standards, co
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7 moving to XHTML Putting an ‘X
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What is XML? Okay, we’re going to
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I don’t get it. We changed the DO
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XHTML is becoming the language of c
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If my HTML is transitional 4.01, an
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3 All empty tags should end in “
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Validation: it’s not just for HTM
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XHTML sounds like a good thing. Is
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HTML XHTML You’re forgetting a fe
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Across Micro XHTMLcross It’s been
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8 getting started with CSS Don’t
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getting started with css you are he
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Using CSS with XHTML We’re sure C
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Getting CSS into your XHTML Okay, y
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Cruising with style: the test drive
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Let’s put a line under the welcom
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Q: So how does that work when you h
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getting started with css Head F
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Sharpen your pencil Color in the el
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Getting the Lounge style into the e
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Linking from “lounge.html” to t
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Test driving the entire lounge... S
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Sharpen your pencil Now that you’
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It’s time to talk about your inhe
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Test drive your new CSS As usual, g
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Test drive Add a rule for the elem
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Adding a class to “elixir.html”
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A greentea test drive Save, and the
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Cool! Yes, that works. One more que
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And if we still don’t have a clea
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CSS XHTML You have to admit XHTML i
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If you have errors in your CSS, usu
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Making sure the Lounge CSS validate
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BULLET POINTS n n n CSS contains si
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Markup Magnets Solution Remember dr
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ody { } font-family: sans-serif; h1
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Who gets the inheritance? h1 and h2
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Exercise Solutions 2 S 11 L E R 3 1
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common text properties Text and fon
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overview of font families What is a
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develop your sense of fonts Bainbri
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improving tony’s journal Dusting
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some fonts questions Test driving T
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how to specify font sizes Adjusting
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using keywords for size 354 Chapter
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setting up tony’s font sizes Let
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some more questions on font size Q:
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using normal weight Test drive the
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using a font style Styling Tony’s
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overview of web colors How do Web c
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the color names 366 Chapter 9 Why d
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using rgb values Specify color in r
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understanding hex codes The two min
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using a photo editor for web colors
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put your hex skills to the test 374
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testing and more hex colors Test dr
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using a border instead of an underl
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a crossword on color 380 Chapter 9
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exercise solutions 382 Chapter 9 Cr
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10 the box model Getting Intimate w
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The music CDs and artists are style
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A very quick test drive Let’s do
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Getting ready for some major renova
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What is the border? Elements can ha
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Padding Margins Our guarantee: at t
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Meanwhile back at the lounge... We
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Creating the guarantee style Let’
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Padding, border, and margins for th
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A test drive with the margin When y
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Wait a sec, it seems like we have t
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Fixing the background image By defa
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Are we there yet? Make sure you sav
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Border Width The border-width prope
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Congratulations! Bravo! You’ve ta
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Head First: An id attribute? I thou
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But how do I use id in CSS? You sel
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Step Three: save your changes and r
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Using multiple style sheets So how
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Q: That’s pretty cool. So I can s
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XHTMLcross the box model You’re r
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Sharpen your pencil Solution Left m
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11 divs and spans Advanced Web Cons
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A close look at the elixirs XHTML A
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Let’s explore how we can divide a
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? brain power On a referral from th
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Q: So, a acts like a container tha
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Taking the for a test drive That w
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Adding some real style to the elixi
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Test driving the width Next, save t
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Well then how do we specify the wid
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Adding the basic styles to the elix
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That’s interesting because I noti
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We’re almost there... We’re clo
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What we need is a way to select des
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Changing the color of the elixir he
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Look what you’ve accomplished...
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But there’s more... Here’s anot
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there are no Dumb Questions Q: Shou
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Jim I was thinking we could just wr
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Step three: styling the s Before we
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Hey guys, I know you think you’re
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How can you style elements based on
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Putting those pseudo-classes to wor
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Isn’t it about time we talk about
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The cascade For this exercise, you
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Q: What makes a specificity number
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Step five: Finally, sort any confli
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Super brain power ?This is a specia
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Sharpen your pencil Solution h1 Her
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Sharpen your pencil Solution Your j
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12 layout and positioning Arranging
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Use the flow, Luke The Flow is what
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What about inline elements? So you
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One more thing you should know abou
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How to float an element Let’s ste
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Behind the scenes at the lounge Now
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The new Starbuzz Let’s take a qui
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layout and positioning from at
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a:link { color: #b76666; text-decor
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I have an idea. In the future, why
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Fixing the two-column problem Are y
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Test drive As usual, save your “s
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Back to clearing up the overlap pro
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Q: Do margins collapse on floated e
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Step One: start with the sidebar We
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Liquid and Frozen Designs All the d
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Test driving with a tank of jello A
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Another example of absolute positio
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Using absolute positioning We’re
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Time for the absolute test drive Ma
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One tradeoff you can make to fix th
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Positioning the award We want the a
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Float Absolute layout and positioni
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Sharpen your pencil Time to put all
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How does fixed positioning work? Co
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Putting the coupon on the page Add
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Getting relative This is it, the la
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To three-columns and beyond... Whil
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XHTMLcross layout and positioning T
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Exercise Solutions Sharpen your pen
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Solution 12 F 5 J 1 V 2 F 3 Z 4 C I
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something new from tony 550 Chapter
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an xhtml table How to create a tabl
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tables up close Tables dissected Yo
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testing you on tables Artist Album
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checking out the unstyled table Tes
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tables and style Now let’s style
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cells and the box model 562 Chapter
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dealing with table borders Getting
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coloring cells How about some color
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using table spans Another look at T
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testing your table knowledge 570 Ch
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we need a nested table Four out of
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testing and improvements Test drivi
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how to override nested styles Overr
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ack to styling lists Giving the lis
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some finer points about styling lis
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some left brain action 582 Chapter
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exercise solutions Sharpen your pen
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exercise solutions 588 Chapter 13 J
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exercise solutions 1 S 590 Chapter
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owsers and forms How forms work If
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how to write a form What you write
Page 634 and 635: the form element How the form eleme
Page 636 and 637: overview of form elements What can
Page 638 and 639: more form elements What can go in a
Page 640 and 641: the bean machine Here’s what the
Page 642 and 643: creating the form Getting ready to
Page 644 and 645: form element names How form element
Page 646 and 647: adding input elements Back to getti
Page 648 and 649: using a select Adding the element
Page 650 and 651: providing choices ? brain power Cha
Page 652 and 653: adding checkboxes Exercise 614 Chap
Page 654 and 655: successful submission The final tes
Page 656 and 657: match the form names Your informat
Page 658 and 659: form methods: get and post POST GET
Page 660 and 661: test yourself, get and post Sharpen
Page 662 and 663: tabular versus presentation 624 Cha
Page 664 and 665: deciding how to style forms To Tabl
Page 666 and 667: the xhtml, continued Ship to: N
Page 668 and 669: styling the form Styling the form a
Page 670 and 671: other form elements What more could
Page 672 and 673: eview of forms 634 Chapter 14 BULLE
Page 674 and 675: exercise solutions 636 Chapter 14 S
Page 676 and 677: the end 638 Chapter 14 Congratulati
Page 678 and 679: specialized selectors #1 More Selec
Page 680 and 681: splitting your pages #2 Frames HTML
Page 682 and 683: web tools #4 Tools for Creating Web
Page 686 and 687: etter printing with css #8 More abo
Page 688 and 689: etter looking blogs #10 Blogs Weblo
Page 690 and 691: the index block elements flow 488-4
Page 692 and 693: the index CSS (continued) using wit
Page 694 and 695: the index forms (continued) picking
Page 696 and 697: the index images (continued) users
Page 698 and 699: the index No Dumb Questions !import
Page 700 and 701: the index passwords in forms 633 PD
Page 702 and 703: the index spanning rows and columns
Page 704 and 705: the index text, font size (continue
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