APIP Agricultural Policy Implementation Project

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ROSE. ENTERPRISE BUDGET, LOW/MEDIUM/HIGH YIELD SCENARIOS, PER HECTARE, 1990-1991 SEASON PRODUCrION/RET"URNS Yield (Stems/m2) Plant Density (PAis/m2) Production Period (months) Area in Production (m2/yr./ha.) Total Production (Stems/yr.) Production Sold (80% of Total) Producer Price per Stem Value of Production (DT/ha.) ------ -------------------- COSTS (VARIABLE AND FIXED) ----- ----- ---------------- Hired Labor Wage (DT/day) Specialized Labor Wage (DT/Day) Hired Labor Person-Days Specialized Labor Pcrson-Days Subtotal - Labor Costs Variable Costs - Inputs: Cuttings/Bulbs/Seeds Fertilizer Insecticides & Fungicides Irrigation Machinery Expenses Packing Materials Subtotal - Material Input Costs TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS Fixed Costs: Depreciation: Equipment\Vehicles Interest Management & Staff Salaries Land and Buildings TOTAL FIXED COSTS TOTAL COSTS PER HA (DT) 59647.1 63397.1 67147.1 ------------- ----------- ----------------------- ---------------- NET REVENUE PER HECTARE 352.9 26602.9 52852.9 ------------- ----------- -------------------- ---------------- Conversion factor (ha/qty. sold) Total Costs per Stem Sold (DT) GROSS MARGIN (DT/Stem) Low Medium High 50.0 75.0 100.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Nov-May Nov-May Nov-May 7500.0 7500.0 7500.0 375000.0 562500.0 750000.0 300000.0 450000.0 600000.0 0.200 0.200 0.200 60000.0 90000.0 120000.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 1150.0 1150.0 1150.0 450.0 450.0 450.0 6275.0 6275.0 6275.0 16071.4 16071.4 16071.4 2092.3 2092.3 2092.3 285.4 285.4 285.4 300.0 300.0 300.0 500.0 500.0 500.0 7500.0 11250.0 15000.0 26749.1 30499.1 34249.1 33024.1 36774.1 40524.1 12273.0 12273.0 12273.0 9500.0 9500.0 9500.0 4850.0 4850.0 4850.0 1350.0 1350.0 1350.0 26623.0 26623.0 26623.0 0.00000333 0.00000222 0.00000167 0.199 0.141 0.112 0.001 0.059 0.088 ..... ------------.---------------...... -....---..---....------------------------------- .. Exchange Rate (DT/$U.S.) 0.85 0.85 0.85 Costs per Hectare ($U.S.) 70,173.1 74,584.8 78,996.6 Costs per Stem ($U.S.) 0.187 0.133 0.105 - ------------.. ------------------...-.-.--......--.---.--------------- ---------------- GROSS MARGIN ($US/Stem) ---------.-- --.--..--.- ......... 0.001 ---------------- 0.070 0.104 ----------------
ANNEX 3 ISSUES RELATED TO POST-HARVEST HANDLING AND SHIPPING Stages in the marketing of cut flowers from the time of harvest to arrival on the market include the following: (1)the harvest itself, (2)grading, (3) preservation and packing, (4)pre-cooling and storage, (5) loading and shipping and (6) unloading and reception. As a perishable product, flowers cannot tolerate lengthy delays or mishandling. For example, roses are packaged after post-harvest treatment in specific solutions cooled to V 0 C and classified for quality in bunches of tens or twenties, wrapped in white paper cardboard or plastic with four-color product care instruction sheet, insturdy corrugated cardboard flower boxes. Grading is by centimeters and the most popular lengths are 40-50, 50-60, 60-70, 70-80, and 80-90 centimeters. Lengths are measured from the bottom of the calyx to the end of the stem. Roses are delicate and sensitive to any delays or heating in transport and require ice in shipping to more distant markets. If they are to be shipped to distant markets, carnations also must be cut in bud stage and treated with preservatives on the farm, graded and packed to client specifications, and chilled to I°C before shipping. This implies ample well-lighted grading rooms, refrigerated cooling rooms, and in cases where the farm ismore than an hour from the airport, refrigerated trucks for transport. Carnations cut inbud stage are very handy, easy to pack and transport, and if properly refrigerated, will last two weeks before they are forced open with immersion of stems in warm water, and arranged by florist or consumer into bouquets. Because they last a long time, carnations are important in the flower markets abroad, where the time between cutting of the flower and arrival at the home of a consumer may be 5-10 days. Tj illustrate the importance of timing, we can cite the example of the transport of carnations from Colombia to Trondheim, Norway. Flowers are picked at 6 a.m., graded and packed and chilled all day and night. They are flown to Frankfort on the second day and trucked to Oslo on the third day. On the forth day the shipment is trucked from Oslo to Tronheim and arrives at the wholesalers for storage inthe cold store on the fifth and sixth days, for sale to retailers on the seventh, eighth and ninth days. Retailers spend the tenth and eleventh days making bouquets for consumers who purchase flower arrangements, hoping to enjoy them for one week (up to 18 days from the time the flowers were first picked). This two and one-half week time frame underlines the importance of sending healthy flowers, with good postharvest care and cold storage. One industry expert asserts that 80 percent of the problems associated with cut flower exports occur after harvest during packaging, air/land transportation, and storage. //
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APIP Agricultural Policy Implementa
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TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 5 and 6:
LIST OF EXHIBITS Exhibit 2.1 Major
Page 7 and 8:
orchids, gladioli and tulips are th
Page 9 and 10:
high yields. Overall, therefore, th
Page 11 and 12:
1.1 Study Objectives 1. INTRODUCTIO
Page 13 and 14:
covered seven major importing count
Page 15 and 16:
2. WORLD TRADE IN CUT FLOWERS AND T
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to all the major importing countrie
Page 19 and 20:
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Millions of US$ Sou
Page 21 and 22:
Exhibit 2.6 Value of World Imports
Page 23 and 24: ises in the level of imports were a
Page 25 and 26: Many of the European countries, suc
Page 27 and 28: in both activities. Finally, there
Page 29 and 30: These prices are for "extra" qualit
Page 31 and 32: Exhibit 3.1 List of Selected Grower
Page 33 and 34: grow flowers to sell intheir stalls
Page 35 and 36: flowers. Tunisian growers' willingn
Page 37 and 38: timing and coordination of loading
Page 39 and 40: distinguish it in the market (unlik
Page 41 and 42: profitable, assuming that high yiel
Page 43 and 44: 4.2 Cash Flow Analysis Exhibit 4.3
Page 45 and 46: ',,-t r,,VW AINLY5 o I 4 UR CARNATI
Page 47 and 48: uj CASH INFLOW Yield Price Value of
Page 49 and 50: CASH INFLOW Yield Price Vslc of ToW
Page 51 and 52: , . CASH INFLOW Yield Price Value o
Page 53 and 54: 5. TUNISIAN GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND
Page 55 and 56: equired so much time. In an effort
Page 57 and 58: 6.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECONNENDATIONS
Page 59 and 60: 7. Work with government and foreign
Page 61 and 62: production is expensive because it
Page 63 and 64: ANNEXES 53
Page 65 and 66: The following solutions were offere
Page 67 and 68: Miscellaneous maintenance (buying v
Page 69 and 70: ANNEX 2-A ASSUMPTIONS FOR CALCULATI
Page 71 and 72: Pesticide Costs: Lannate 21.0 DT/kg
Page 73: GLADIOLA- ENTERPRISE BUDGET, LOW/ME
Page 77 and 78: Acaricides: Kelthane 0,2 1/hl Systb
Page 79 and 80: Mildrion: Manbbe 160 g/hl Zin~be 20
Page 81 and 82: LE GERBERA GERBERA JAMESONII FAKILL
Page 83 and 84: LE GLAIEUL GLADIOLUS FAMILLE DES IR
Page 85 and 86: O Annex b Quality Required by the C
Page 87 and 88: ii) Categorie U1 10 % des fleurs co
Page 89 and 90: RE7UMLI93B TUMISI MIC KINISTE E DE
Page 91 and 92: IPARTICIPANTS I ADRESSE TELEPHONE V
Page 93 and 94: IPA.TIC!PANTS I ADRESSE TELEPHONE I
Page 95 and 96: Wholesalers/Importers ANNEX 8 PERSO
Page 97 and 98: APIP Agricultural Policy Implementa
Page 99 and 100: Abet Jacques 43, Avenue du Cimetibr
Page 101 and 102: Ariaflor Box 147 - Fleurs 4 M.I.N.
Page 103 and 104: Berry Fleurs SARI Ruelle des Gats P
Page 105 and 106: Briois Christine 219, All6e des Oei
Page 107 and 108: Cochet Thierry SARL 160, AII6e des
Page 109 and 110: David Barthdlmy Charlin; Delamare G
Page 111 and 112: I Dia - Fleurs Box no 2 - SICA - Ma
Page 113 and 114: Fleurassistance GlE 149, Avenue des
Page 115 and 116: Flora Partner SA 23, rue Nicot 3300
Page 117 and 118: Galoppe Christine 135, AII6e des Oe
Page 119 and 120: Granier Michel Ets 28, Avenue Pierr
Page 121 and 122: Iris 200 199, AII6e des GlaTeuls 20
Page 123 and 124: Landes Fleurs SARL 44, Boulevard de
Page 125 and 126:
Lotte et Cie Magnon Ets 59, AIIde d
Page 127 and 128:
Marcucci G6rard SARL 4, rue Layriss
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Minnaar Fleurs SARL Moreau Th6r~se
Page 131 and 132:
Olivreau SARL 220, A1l6e des Oeille
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Penja 260, A116 des Arums 94644- RU
Page 135 and 136:
Pierlot et Cia 259, AlMa des Oeille
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I Roata - Pignet SA ROA TA . PIGNE
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La Roseraie 51, AII6e des Arums 941
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Salanque Flours Domaine Sainte Eug6
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Silva Flor St6 Aquitaine de Diffusi
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Sodlh Monpalasir 47320 - BOURRAN T6
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Vettese Jean Fleurs 360 112, AIl6e
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APIP Agricultural Policy Implementation Project

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