Zootaxa, Taxonomy of Serpulidae (Annelida ... - Magnolia Press

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lacks a phylogenetic basis. See further remarks for Spirobranchus. SEM photos of Pomatoleios are published in Fiege & Sun (1999). Pomatoleios kraussii (Baird, 1865), South Africa; widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific; Lessepsian migrant to the Levant Mediterranean. 32. Pomatostegus Schmarda, 1861 (Fig. 37) Type-species: Pomatostegus macrosoma Schmarda, 1861, junior synonym of Terebella stellata Abildgaard, 1789 Number of species: 3 Tube white, opaque, semi-circular to roughly triangular in cross-section, with up to 5 longitudinal keels; granular overlay absent. Operculum a very flat ampulla covered with chitinous disk bearing a column with several serrated disks alternating with circlets of spines proximally and closely applied to each disk. Peduncle flatly triangular in cross-section with broad latero-distal wings along its entire length; inserted to the left or right at the basis of the branchial lobe; from the fact that the first and second radiole separated by the base of the peduncle, it is inferred that it is derived from the second normal radiole. Constriction absent. Pseudoperculum absent. Arrangement of radioles in (semi-)circles, up to 90 per lobe. Inter-radiolar membrane present. Branchial eyes present. Stylodes absent. Mouth palps absent. 7 thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar tri- to penta-lobed, well developed with an entire smooth margin. Tonguelets absent. Thoracic membranes short, ending just posterior to the second row of uncini (segment 3). Collar chaetae Spirobranchus-type, with basal pilose fin and distal blade, and limbate (Fig. 37B). Apomatus chaetae present (Fig. 37E). Thoracic uncini saw-shaped, with 9–13 teeth, anterior peg blunt (Fig. 37C). Thoracic tori meet ventrally in larger specimens; in juveniles the ventral space between thoracic tori narrowing towards last rows that almost fused, leaving a triangular depression. Abdominal chaetae flat narrow geniculate, with long blade (Fig. 37F). Abdominal uncini smaller than thoracic ones, with about 8 teeth in profile, 3 teeth in a row (Fig. 37D). Achaetous anterior abdominal zone absent. Long posterior capillary chaetae absent, but posterior chaetae longer. Posterior glandular pad absent. Remarks. According to the recent literature there is but a single circumtropical species, Pomatostegus stellatus. However, an unpublished study by P. Valentijn (former student to HAtH, University Utrecht), reinstigated two species regarded to be synonymous with the type-species to full specific rank: P. actinoceras, from the Indo-West Pacific Region, and P. krøyeri, from tropical Pacific America, leaving a tropical Atlantic distribution only for P. stellatus. The latter taxon has been recorded from Atlantic Africa by Augener (1918), Amoureux (1973), and Zibrowius (1973b), however, the single specimen studied from Western Africa by Valentijn and ten Hove could not be attributed with certainty to either P. actinoceras (likely) or P. stellatus (less likely). 1. Pomatostegus actinoceras Mörch, 1863, Indo-West Pacific, ?Western Africa; generally synonymised with P. stellatus 2. Pomatostegus krøyeri Mörch, 1863, tropical Pacific America; generally synonymised with P. stellatus 3. Pomatostegus stellatus (Abildgaard, 1789), West Indies; Caribbean; usually including preceding 2 species. 33. Protis Ehlers, 1887 (Fig. 38) Type-species: Protis simplex Ehlers, 1887 Number of species: 6 (or 7) 78 · Zootaxa 2036 © 2009 Magnolia Press TEN HOVE & KUPRIYANOVA
FIGURE 37. SEM micrographs of chaetae in Pomatostegus stellatus. Cuba, South-East, Isla de la Juventud, Cayo Boca de Alonso, 4 m, legit G. San Martin, ZMA V.Pol. 3840. A—“limbate” chaeta of 2 nd thoracic bundle, B—Spirobranchus collar chaeta, C—1 st row of thoracic uncini, D—middle abdominal uncini, E—Apomatus chaetae of 7 th thoracic bundle, F—anterior abdominal chaeta. TAXONOMY OF SERPULIDS: STATE OF AFFAIRS Zootaxa 2036 © 2009 Magnolia Press · 79
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ZOOTAXA 2036 Taxonomy of Serpulidae
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Zootaxa 2036: 1-126 (2009) www.mapr
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Introduction The family Serpulidae
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Morphology The tube Whereas tubes o
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FIGURE 2. Variability of serpulid t
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large crystals in the structure of
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30A) most probably too are a series
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Throughout Spiraserpula, there is a
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FIGURE 3. Morphology of serpulid an
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FIGURE 5. General morphology of ser
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FIGURE 7. Serpulid morphology (cont
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occur incidentally in Pomatoceros,
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completely rasp-shaped (Knight-Jone
Page 27 and 28: Valid genera with diagnoses and lis
Page 29 and 30: 5. Apomatus globifer Théel, 1878,
Page 31 and 32: FIGURE 10. SEM micrographs of chaet
Page 33 and 34: tonguelets between ventral and late
Page 37 and 38: membrane. Radioles with ocellar clu
Page 39 and 40: Remarks. This relatively poorly kno
Page 41 and 42: 9. Ficopomatus Southern, 1921 (Fig.
Page 43 and 44: Filograna implexa M. Berkeley, 1835
Page 45 and 46: with 12-14 teeth in profile, up to
Page 49 and 50: 14. Galeolaria Lamarck, 1818 (Fig.
Page 51 and 52: operculate H. cancerum Knight-Jones
Page 53 and 54: 14. Hydroides bulbosus ten Hove, 19
Page 55 and 56: 84. Hydroides trilobulus Chen & Wu,
Page 57 and 58: membrane and stylodes absent. Branc
Page 59 and 60: Schröder 1971), France (Fauvel 192
Page 61 and 62: most recent study (Kupriyanova et a
Page 65 and 66: FIGURE 29. Photos and SEMs of chaet
Page 69 and 70: absent. Thoracic uncini saw-to-rasp
Page 71 and 72: Tube white, opaque, circular in cro
Page 73 and 74: FIGURE 33. Photos (A-E) and a SEM m
Page 75 and 76: normal radiole and maximally coveri
Page 77: 31. Pomatoleios Pixell, 1913 (Fig.
Page 81 and 82: Jirkov (1997) further extended it t
Page 83 and 84: Paraprotula was based on the absenc
Page 85 and 86: limbate chaetae. Apomatus chaetae a
Page 91 and 92: 1. Salmacina amphidentata Jones, 19
Page 93 and 94: 7. Semivermilia torulosa (delle Chi
Page 95 and 96: 13. Serpula maorica (Benham, 1927),
Page 99 and 100: limbate zone and proximal wing (Fig
Page 103 and 104: 46. Vitreotubus Zibrowius, 1979b (F
Page 105 and 106: forming ventral apron. Collar chaet
Page 107 and 108: ** According to Ippolitov (2007: 26
Page 109 and 110: 38 (37) Thoracic uncini saw shaped
Page 111 and 112: chaeta (pl. chaetae): chitinous bri
Page 113 and 114: thoracic membranes: thin folds on b
Page 115 and 116: Bush, K.J. (1907) Descriptions of t
Page 117 and 118: Gravier, C. (1905 (1906?)) Sur deux
Page 119 and 120: Hove, H.A. ten & Wolf, P.S. (1984)
Page 121 and 122: Marsden, J.R. & Anderson, D.T. (198
Page 123 and 124: Radl, E. (1912) Neue Lehre vom Zent
Page 125 and 126: Verrill, A.E. (1873) Report upon th
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