A schematic presentation <strong>of</strong> the Spirobranchus giganteus-complex in its largest sense is given in Fiege & ten Hove (1999). According to Marsden (1992), the two morphotypes described by ten Hove (1970) as S. polycerus and S. polycerus var. augeneri are reproductively isolated, they thus probably should be regarded as full species. 1. Spirobranchus carinifer (Gray, 1843), New Zealand 2. Spirobranchus corniculatus (Grube, 1862), Java, Indonesia, Indo-West Pacific; part <strong>of</strong> a complex <strong>of</strong> species, <strong>of</strong>ten as S. giganteus 3. Spirobranchus coronatus Straughan, 1967b, Queensland, Fiji, Seychelles; compare S. tetraceros 4. Spirobranchus corrugatus Straughan, 1967a, Queensland, widely distributed in Indo-West Pacific 5. Spirobranchus cruciger (Grube, 1862), Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific; part <strong>of</strong> S. corniculatus-complex, <strong>of</strong>ten as S. giganteus 6. Spirobranchus decoratus Imajima, 1982, Palau Islands, widely distributed in Indo-West Pacific 7. Spirobranchus eitzeni Augener, 1918, Cameroon, tropical East Atlantic 8. Spirobranchus gardineri Pixell, 1913, North <strong>of</strong> Madagascar, widely distributed in Indo-West Pacific; maybe complex <strong>of</strong> 2 species 9. Spirobranchus gaymardi (Quatrefages, 1866), unknown type locality, widely distributed in Indo-West Pacific; part <strong>of</strong> S. corniculatus-complex 10. Spirobranchus giganteus (Pallas, 1766), West Indies, widely distributed in tropical Western Atlantic; not in Pacific, where specimens belong to the S. corniculatus-complex 11. Spirobranchus incrassatus Krøyer [in] Mörch, 1863, Puntarenas, Colombia, tropical American Pacific; part <strong>of</strong> S. giganteus-complex 12. Spirobranchus latiscapus (Marenzeller, 1885), South Japan, widely distributed in Indo-West Pacific 13. Spirobranchus lima (Grube, 1862), Adriatic Sea, Mediterranean; records from elsewhere are incorrect 14. Spirobranchus maldivensis Pixell, 1913, Maldive Islands, Indian Ocean, Central Indo-Pacific; compare S. latiscapus 15. Spirobranchus nigranucha (Fischli, 1903), Ternate, Indonesia, Indo-West Pacific 16. Spirobranchus paumotanus (Chamberlin, 1919), Paumotu Islands, widely distributed in Indo-West Pacific 17. Spirobranchus polycerus (Schmarda, 1861), Jamaica, Caribbean; probably “var. augeneri ten Hove, 1970” is a full species 18. Spirobranchus polytrema (Philippi, 1844), Mediterranean, Atlantic; records from Indo-West Pacific probably complex <strong>of</strong> species by themselves 19. Spirobranchus spinosus Moore, 1923, Sta. Barbara Isl., California; belongs to S. giganteus-complex 20. Spirobranchus tetraceros (Schmarda, 1861), New South Wales, circumtropical complex <strong>of</strong> species; Lessepsian migrant to Eastern Mediterranean and ship-transported to Senegal (Zibrowius, pers. comm.). 44. Tanturia Ben-Eliahu, 1976 (Fig. 48) Type-species: Tanturia zibrowii Ben-Eliahu, 1976 Number <strong>of</strong> species: 1 No details <strong>of</strong> tube available, tiny specimens (0.9–2.17 mm in length) were extracted from vermetid reefs. Operculum globular to inverse conical, with flat to convex chitinous endplate. Peduncle smooth, without distal wings, inserted as second radiole; constriction absent. Pseudoperculum absent. Arrangement <strong>of</strong> radioles in semi-circles, up to 3 per lobe. Inter-radiolar membrane and stylodes absent, branchial eyes not observed. Mouth palps unknown. 5 thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar trilobed, with 2 deep lateral incisions; tonguelets absent. Thoracic membranes unknown. Collar chaetae fin-and-blade, with well-separated distal 98 · <strong>Zootaxa</strong> 2036 © 2009 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong> TEN HOVE & KUPRIYANOVA
limbate zone and proximal wing (Fig. 48A), and limbate. Apomatus chaetae present from 3 rd chaetiger on (Fig. 48B). Thoracic uncini saw-to-rasp-shaped with about 15 teeth in pr<strong>of</strong>ile, up to 4 teeth in a row above peg (dental formula P:4:3:3:1:2:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1, Fig. 48C); peg bifurcate under compound microscope but blunt, almost trapezoidal in SEM. Triangular depression absent. Abdominal chaetae with flat triangular blades with blunt teeth (Fig. 48E). Abdominal uncini rasp-shaped, with 7 teeth in pr<strong>of</strong>ile, up to 8 fine teeth in row above blunt apparently bifurcate (gouged?) anterior fang (Fig. 48D). Achaetous anterior abdominal zone present. Posterior capillary chaetae absent. Posterior glandular pad not observed. FIGURE 48. SEM micrographs <strong>of</strong> chaetae in Tanturia zibrowii. Israel, Gulf <strong>of</strong> Aqaba (Elat), Sinai coast, infauna <strong>of</strong> Dendropoma, paratype, exchange with HUJ, ZMA V.Pol. 4668. A—fin-and-blade collar chaetae, B—thoracic chaetae, C—thoracic uncini, D—abdominal uncini, E—abdominal chaeta. TAXONOMY OF SERPULIDS: STATE OF AFFAIRS <strong>Zootaxa</strong> 2036 © 2009 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong> · 99
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ZOOTAXA 2036 Taxonomy of Serpulidae
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Zootaxa 2036: 1-126 (2009) www.mapr
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Introduction The family Serpulidae
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Morphology The tube Whereas tubes o
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FIGURE 2. Variability of serpulid t
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large crystals in the structure of
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30A) most probably too are a series
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Throughout Spiraserpula, there is a
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FIGURE 3. Morphology of serpulid an
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FIGURE 5. General morphology of ser
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FIGURE 7. Serpulid morphology (cont
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occur incidentally in Pomatoceros,
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completely rasp-shaped (Knight-Jone
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Valid genera with diagnoses and lis
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5. Apomatus globifer Théel, 1878,
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FIGURE 10. SEM micrographs of chaet
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tonguelets between ventral and late
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FIGURE 12. SEM micrographs of chaet
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membrane. Radioles with ocellar clu
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Remarks. This relatively poorly kno
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9. Ficopomatus Southern, 1921 (Fig.
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Filograna implexa M. Berkeley, 1835
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with 12-14 teeth in profile, up to
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