hardware implementation of data compression ... - INFN Bologna

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vi CONTENTS 2.4.2 Run Length encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.4.3 Differential encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.4.4 Dictionary techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.4.5 Selective readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.5 Lossy compression techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.5.1 Zero supression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.5.2 Transform coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.5.3 Subband coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 2.5.4 Wavelets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 2.6 Implementation of compression algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3 1D compression algorithm and implementations 55 3.1 Compression algorithms for SDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3.2 1D compression algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 3.3 1D algorithm performances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3.3.1 Compression coefficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 3.3.2 Reconstruction error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 3.4 CARLOS v1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 3.4.1 Board description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 3.4.2 CARLOS v1 design flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 3.4.3 Functions performed by CARLOS v1 . . . . . . . . . . 67 3.4.4 Tests performed on CARLOS v1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 3.5 CARLOS v2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 3.5.1 The firstcheck block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 3.5.2 The barrel shifter block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 3.5.3 The fifo block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 3.5.4 The event-counter block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 3.5.5 The outmux block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 3.5.6 The feesiu (toplevel) block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 3.5.7 CARLOS-SIU interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 3.6 CARLOS v2 design flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 3.7 Tests performed on CARLOS v2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
CONTENTS 4 2D compression algorithm and implementation 91 4.1 2D compression algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 4.1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 4.1.2 How the 2D algorithm works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 4.1.3 Compression coefficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 4.1.4 Reconstruction error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 4.2 CARLOS v3 vs. the previous prototypes . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 4.3 The final readout architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 4.4 CARLOS v3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 4.5 CARLOS v3 building blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 4.5.1 The channel block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 4.5.2 The encoder block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 4.5.3 The barrel15 block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 4.5.4 The fifonew32x15 block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 4.5.5 The channel-trigger block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 4.5.6 The ttc-rx-interface block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 4.5.7 The fifo-trigger block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 4.5.8 The event-counter block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 4.5.9 The outmux block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 4.6 4.5.10 The trigger-interface block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 4.5.11 The cmcu block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 4.5.12 The pattern-generator block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 4.5.13 The signature-maker block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Digital design flow for CARLOS v3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 4.7 CARLOS layout features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 5 Wavelet based compression algorithm 125 5.1 Wavelet based compression algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 5.1.1 Configuration parameters of the multiresolution algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 5.2 Multiresolution algorithm optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 5.2.1 The Wavelet Toolbox from Matlab . . . . . . . . . . . 130 5.2.2 Choice of the filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 vii
Page 1: UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI BOLOGNA
Page 5: Contents Introduction ix 1 The ALIC
Page 9 and 10: Introduction This thesis work has b
Page 13 and 14: Chapter 1 The ALICE experiment ALIC
Page 15 and 16: 1.1 — The Inner Tracking System 1
Page 17 and 18: 1.1 — The Inner Tracking System t
Page 19 and 20: 1.1 — The Inner Tracking System P
Page 21 and 22: 1.2 — Design of the drift layers
Page 23 and 24: 1.3 — The SDDs (Silicon Drift Det
Page 25 and 26: PASCAL AMBRA 1.4 — SDD readout sy
Page 27 and 28: data_in[0] data_in[1] data_in[2] da
Page 29 and 30: 1.4 — SDD readout system 1.4.2 Ev
Page 31 and 32: 1.4 — SDD readout system with a c
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 2 Data compression techniqu
Page 35 and 36: 2.2 — Remarks on information theo
Page 37 and 38: 2.3 — Compression techniques 2.3.
Page 39 and 40: 2.4 — Lossless compression techni
Page 45 and 46: Original sequence Sequence after di
Page 47 and 48: 2.5 — Lossy compression technique
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2.5 — Lossy compression technique
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2.6 — Implementation of compressi
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Symlets sym2 sym3 sym4 sym8 Wavelet
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Chapter 3 1D compression algorithm
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3.2 — 1D compression algorithm Fi
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3.3 — 1D algorithm performances s
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3.3 — 1D algorithm performances F
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3.4 — CARLOS v1 Figure 3.6: CARLO
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3.4 — CARLOS v1 Figure 3.7: Pictu
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3.4 — CARLOS v1 3.4.3 Functions p
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3.5 — CARLOS v2 have a 100% compa
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3.5 — CARLOS v2 3.5.1 The firstch
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3.5 — CARLOS v2 data and when loa
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3.5 — CARLOS v2 which of the 8 qu
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- indat6 : input 32-bit bus; - inda
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3.5 — CARLOS v2 - femux is a mult
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3.5 — CARLOS v2 total optical fib
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3.5 — CARLOS v2 Figure 3.11: Desi
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3.5 — CARLOS v2 that CARLOS will
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3.6 — CARLOS v2 design flow Figur
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3.7 — Tests performed on CARLOS v
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Chapter 4 2D compression algorithm
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4.2 — CARLOS v3 vs. the previous
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4.3 — The final readout architect
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4.5 — CARLOS v3 building blocks -
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4.5 — CARLOS v3 building blocks T
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4.5 — CARLOS v3 building blocks F
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4.5 — CARLOS v3 building blocks c
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4.5 — CARLOS v3 building blocks o
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4.5 — CARLOS v3 building blocks u
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4.5 — CARLOS v3 building blocks a
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4.5 — CARLOS v3 building blocks p
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4.7 — CARLOS layout features post
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Chapter 5 Wavelet based compression
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levels used: 5.1 — Wavelet based
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5.2 — Multiresolution algorithm o
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5.3 — Choice of the architecture
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5.3 — Choice of the architecture
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Dettaglio 1 1 D1 2 Downsample Hi_De
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2 Upsample Dettaglio 1 1 D1 Hi_Rec
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5.4 — Multiresolution algorithm p
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5.5 — Hardware implementation ter
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5.5 — Hardware implementation Fig
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5.5 — Hardware implementation com
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5.5 — Hardware implementation Haa
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Conclusions The main goal of this t
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Bibliography [1] ALICE Collaboratio
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BIBLIOGRAPHY [19] D. Cavagnino, P.
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