NSW Bitou Bush Threat Abatement Plan - Department of ...

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2 Threat Abatement Plan - Invasion of native plant communities by Chrysanthemoides monilifera Prior to the development of the draft of this plan (see DEC 2004), bitou bush and boneseed had been documented to threaten at least 18 plant species and three ecological communities, collectively (see ARMCANZ et al. 2000). However, these numbers are a gross underrepresentation of the impact, as outlined in the draft TAP, which identified 63 species, two populations and nine ecological communities at risk from bitou bush in New South Wales alone; numbers which were greatly increased here (see Appendices 3 and 5). This plan or final TAP (hereafter referred to as the Bitou TAP) aims to address the KTP listings for Chrysanthemoides monilifera, specifically with respect to bitou bush. Information on boneseed is also presented where relevant however, as this subspecies could pose a similar problem in New South Wales if its distribution were to increase substantially as has occurred in Victoria and Tasmania. To avoid repeated usage of the compound term ‘bitou bush/boneseed’ all mentions of bitou bush within this TAP are to be understood also to include the threat and proposed management of boneseed where appropriate. This plan outlines and identifies: < legislation, programs and strategies relevant to bitou bush management with respect to the development of a TAP (see Chapter 2 and Appendix 1 for NSW Noxious Weed listings) < the biology and ecology of bitou bush and boneseed (see Chapter 3) < impacts of bitou bush on native plant communities (see Chapter 4), especially the plant species, populations and ecological communities identified to be at risk from invasion along with the selection process for such entities (as outlined in Appendices 2–5) < impacts to fauna and the need for additional information (see Chapter 5) < priority sites for the control of bitou bush which will have the greatest benefit to biodiversity conservation, in terms of the biodiversity identified at risk, and outlines the site selection process (see Chapter 6 and Appendices 6–8) < current control/management techniques and options for bitou bush along with the impacts of these programs on biodiversity (including off-target effects) (see Chapter 7) < additional management information, such as a proforma for developing site-specific management plans (see Appendix 9), the flora and fauna species that may be susceptible to herbicide and hence should be considered in all control programs (see Appendix 10), a NSW bitou bush distribution map (see Appendix 11) and the distribution maps of the priority biodiversity at risk (see Appendix 12) < monitoring required to assess the effectiveness of such control programs at priority sites, especially with respect to protecting biodiversity (see Chapter 8) < objectives and actions to abate, ameliorate or eliminate the threat of bitou bush to native threatened plant species, populations and ecological communities within New South Wales (along with performance criteria for each) (see Chapter 9) < economic and social implications of the Bitou TAP (see Chapter 10) < costs associated with implementing each of the actions and the likely stakeholders (see Chapter 11).
Threat Abatement Plan - Invasion of native plant communities by Chrysanthemoides monilifera 2 Relevant legislation, policies, strategies and programs 2.1 National legislation, policies, strategies and programs The Commonwealth legislation and national policies, strategies and programs that influence bitou bush and/or boneseed management are presented below. 2.1.1 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) provides a national framework for environmental management (including the recognition of nationally threatened species and ecological communities), thereby directing resources towards the delivery of improved environmental protection. With respect to threatened species and ecological communities, the EPBC Act provides for: < identification and listing of threatened species and threatened ecological communities < development of recovery plans for such species and ecological communities < recognition of key threatening processes < reducing these processes through threat abatement plans. The EPBC Act applies where bitou bush and/or boneseed threatens any listed species or ecological community or where its control may have adverse effects on matters of national environmental significance on Commonwealth land. In New South Wales, bitou bush currently poses serious threats to several species/ecological communities listed on schedules of the EPBC Act. 2.1.2 Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code Act All pesticides, including herbicides, insecticides and fungicides, used, supplied or distributed in Australia must be registered under the Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code Act 1994 (Agvet Act) by the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority [APVMA: formerly the National Registration Authority for Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals (NRA)]. Before any chemical or product (e.g. commercially formulated pesticide) is registered for use, supply or distribution, the APVMA is required under the Agvet Act to conduct a rigorous assessment of potential impacts on the environment, human health and trade. As of June 2005, there were 178 herbicide products registered by the APVMA for use in the control of bitou bush and/or boneseed in Australia. All APVMA approved chemicals (or products) have affixed product labels that contain specific usage requirements and application rates. Label breaches can result in prosecutions under the Agvet Act. The APVMA also grants permits for minor use of specific unregistered chemicals in certain circumstances as well as off-label use of registered chemicals. The Parks and Wildlife Division of the DEC (formerly NSW NPWS) currently holds an off-label permit for aerial application of herbicides (e.g. glyphosate), used in the control of bitou bush in New South Wales. 3
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