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40 Threat Abatement Plan - Invasion of native plant communities by Chrysanthemoides monilifera Table 5.2 Fauna suspected of being threatened by bitou bush invasion in New South Wales (alphabetical order). The exact nature of the threat has not been determined and thus caution should be shown when inferring any threatened status. threatened status a fauna common name TSC Act EPBC Act suspected reason for threat suggested sites for possible control birds beach-stone curlew E listed in NSW SC (1999a) black-winged petrel V bitou bush grows in nesting sites coastal emu Population eastern bristlebird E E listed in NSW SC (1999a) flesh footed shearwater V bitou bush grows in nesting sites gould’s petrel E bitou bush grows in nesting sites (Gosper 2004b) little shearwater V bitou bush grows in nesting sites litte tern E bitou bush grows over or close to nesting sites, and listed in NSW SC (1999a) masked booby V bitou bush grows in nesting sites pied oystercatcher V bitou bush grows close to preferred habitat and nesting sites red-capped plover bitou bush grows close to preferred nesting sites red-tailed tropic bird V bitou bush grows in nesting sites regent honeyeater E E bitou bush competes with food sources (Gosper 2004b) sooty tern V bitou bush grows in nesting sites swift parrot E E bitou bush competes with food sources (Gosper 2004b) Cabbage Tree and Boondelbah Islands, as well as adjacent sites on the mainland near Hawk’s Nest. Quibray Bay in Towra Point NR Five Islands NR swamp mahogany (Eucalyptus robusta) – in the central coast region swamp mahogany (Eucalyptus robusta) – i.e. Perkins Beach Reserve, Port Kembla Belongil Spit threatened shorebirds encroaching on nest/roost sites (Bower pers. comm.) mammals black flying fox V loss of coastal banksia woodland may impact on food source common blossom bat V loss of coastal banksia woodland may impact on food source eastern bentwing bat V loss of coastal banksia woodland may impact on food source eastern long-eared bat V loss of coastal banksia woodland may impact on food source greater broad-nosed bat V loss of coastal banksia woodland may impact on food source grey-headed flying fox V V loss of coastal banksia woodland may impact on food source koala (Hawks Nest & Tea Gardens) Population Hawks Nest & Tea Gardens little bentwing bat V loss of coastal banksia woodland may impact on food source squirrel glider V loss of coastal banksia woodland may impact on food source yellow-bellied sheathtail- V loss of coastal banksia woodland may bat impact on food source invertebrates Lord Howe Island placostylus E a E = Endangered, V = Vulnerable, Population = Endangered Population, as defined under TSC Act = NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995, EPBC ACT = Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.
Threat Abatement Plan - Invasion of native plant communities by Chrysanthemoides monilifera 6 Determining priority sites for bitou bush control The widespread distribution of bitou bush (80% of the coastline), and to a lesser extent boneseed, in New South Wales makes it impossible and impractical to control all infestations across their entire range. Therefore, control programs should be targeted. When addressing biodiversity conservation, control efforts must result in the greatest benefit to biodiversity. As outlined in Chapter 4 and Appendices 2–5, the biodiversity most at risk from bitou bush invasion has been determined and ranked in terms of the threat posed to native plant communities. This process identified 158 plant species, three plant populations and 26 ecological communities at risk from bitou bush invasion (see Table 6.1). Thus, these entities should be used as a basis for ensuring that control programs focus on biodiversity conservation. Table 6.1 The biodiversity at risk from bitou bush invasion and their priority as determined in the models (see Appendices 3 and 5). biodiversity at risk a High priority Medium Low Total plant species 19 41 98 158 plant population b 2 0 1 3 ecological communities 8 8 10 26 total entities 29 49 109 187 a Including biodiversity listed as threatened (i.e. under the NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995: TSC Act) and those not formally listed as threatened. b Plant populations as defined under the TSC Act. 6.1 Selecting and prioritising sites Specific locations for all priority species, populations or ecological communities (i.e. high, medium and low priority, hereafter collectively referred to as ‘entities’) within New South Wales were determined initially with the aid of distribution information supplied by a wide range of people (including staff from the DEC and local councils). This information was combined with data from the NPWS Atlas of NSW Wildlife (including the Royal Botanic Gardens Database) and other sources (e.g. Harden 1990–2002; local site surveys and inspections). Locations were selected irrespective of land tenure. It is acknowledged that this list is not definitive, as some locations may have been inadvertently overlooked, the distribution data for some species is incomplete, and additional locations may be discovered in the future (as outlined in Section 4.2.8 this process can be re-run to establish additional priorities). Once locations were identified for each entity they were given a unique name and number. Entity locations were grouped into multi-species sites when they occurred within close proximity to each other to prevent excessive numbers of sites, and to combine locations that would be best managed collectively (see Appendix 6 for further details). For each location, the density of bitou bush present was recorded (high, medium and low, as used by Thomas 2002). Locations without bitou bush were excluded from the final list of priority sites 41
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