A Lexical Study of the Septuagint Version of the Pentateuch

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word is frequently to be found in contexts where the only pos sible meaning for it is 'side'. E.g. Ex. 32.15 πλάκες λίθιναι καταγεγραμμέναι έξ αμφοτέρων των μερών αυτών, ένθεν καΐ ένθεν ήσαν γεγραμμέναι MT D'aio on ητηι run o.voy nro D'ana nht> Clearly 'part' will not do here. The meaning is 'written on both their sides'. (ένθεν και έ'νθεν is normal Greek for 'on this side and on that', see LSJ s.v. 1.1.) Nu. 8.3 και έποίησεν οΰτως Ααρών εκ του ενός μέρους κατά πρόσωπον τής λυχνίας έξήψεν τους λύχνους αυτής MT .. .mi jnn >ia inn-i>N... Ex. 26.22 καΐ έκ τών οπίσω τής σκηνής κατά τό μέρος τό προς θάλασσαν ποιήσεις εξ στύλους MT . ..ηη·» pwnn >ιο-ρίη Nu. 20.16 κύριος ... έξήγαγεν ημάς εξ, Αιγύπτου, και νύν έσμεν έν Κάδης, πόλε ι έκ μέρους τών ορίων σου. MT ibim nxp TJ>. .. The meaning of this phrase, found also in 22.36, is evidently 2 8 'on the edge of, 'beside'. It is clear that in none of the above examples can the use of μέρος in the sense of 'side' be attributed to Hebraism. This use receives meagre treatment in the dictionaries, particularly LSJ, who fail even to classify it as a separate sense. The only examples they record of it are three LXX occurrences of έκ μέρους τινός, 'by the side of, noted with other uses of μέρος with prepositions (IV.2.b). Bauer too gives the impression that it is confined to Biblical and related 28. Cf. Johannessohn, Präpositionen 291 n.l: 1 έκ μέρους c. gen. Reg. I 6. 8 , 23. 26 = ηχη "von [der] Seite" (d.h. neben)'. This phrase has other meanings when used without gen. following: see Bl. DF §212. The use of έκ in the examples quoted above is of course normal Gk.: cf. Class, έκ δεξιάς, εξ αριστεράς, and the examples below. See Bauer s.v. έκ 2, Mayser, Gramm. II.ii 384.
literature, though he does actually note a non-Biblical example, PGM 13.438, but under a different heading (l.c). MM's other wise thorough collection of parallels throws no light on it at all. Investigation shows, however, that μέρος in the sense of 'side' is not only attested in iii B.C. and later, but is even 29 to be found in Herodotus, as follows: 2.121α βουλόμενον δέ αυτόν έν άσφαλείη τα χρήματα θησαυ- ρίζειν οίκοδομέεσθαι οίκημα λίθινον, τού των τοίχων Ινα ές τό εξω μέρος της οίκίης εχειν. "... a stone chamber, one of its walls abutting on the outer side of the palace. 1 4.101 εστι ων της Σκυθικής ώς έούσης τετραγώνου, τών δύο μερέων κατηκόντων ές θάλασσαν, πάντη ίσον τό τε ές τήν μεσόγαιαν φέρον καί τό παρά τήν θάλασσαν. 'Scythia, then, being a four-sided country, whereof two sides are sea-board, the frontiers running inland and those that are by the sea make it a perfect square' (Godley, Loeb). Cf. 4.99. In the following examples from iii B.C. and later the meaning 'side' for μέρος seems to me indisputable. OG ι 56. 52 (Canopus, iii B.C.) καί ή αναγωγή τού ιερού πλοίου τού Όσείριος εις τούτο τό ιερόν κατ'ένιαυτόν γίνεται ... τών έκ τών πρώτων Ιερών πάντων θυσίας συντελούντων επί τών ιδρυμένων ύπ'αύτών βωμών υπέρ έκαστου ιερού τών πρώτων έξ αμφοτέρων τών μερών τού δρόμου. "... on both sides of the δρόμος 1 , i.e. the avenue leading up to the temple ('ante introitum templi', Dittenberger, ad loc). ppetr. 3.43(2) verso IV.11 (247/6 Β.C.) καί π[αρ]αφρυγανίσαι τό χώμα τήι μυρακινήι κόμη ι καί άπο[...]ονι[..]αι άνούχι έξ έκατέρου μέρους επί πάν το μήκος εις υψος Despite the fragmentary nature of this document (a contract for 29. Powell, Lexicon, s.v.
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SOCIETY OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE SEPT
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A LEXICAL STUDY OF THE SEPTUAGINT V
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CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS page ix I IN
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Daniel, Recherches S. Daniel, Reche
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Moulton-Howard, Gramm. II Moulton-T
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number, not, as in LSJ, by volume a
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My purpose in examining them will b
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proceed on the hypothesis that it i
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undertaken for the LXX. One work pu
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Ziegler's examination of the LXX of
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overlooked in LXX lexicographical s
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influence of a Semitic language. On
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there are many differing shades of
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Gehman's hypothesis it was that kin
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mode of thought' of the Jew. It is
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Writers on the LXX have frequently
Page 35 and 36: in addition a variety of subsidiary
Page 37 and 38: not on any satisfactory evidence fo
Page 39 and 40: Nu. 14.4 και είπαν έτερ
Page 41 and 42: Other examples, selected at random,
Page 43 and 44: accidently, as it were, fell into n
Page 45 and 46: For many words, of course, to disco
Page 47 and 48: time and could just as well be used
Page 49 and 50: intrans.: (i) 'stand back, aloof (f
Page 51 and 52: application of water to the object
Page 53 and 54: Le. 1.9,13, 8.21, 9.14, quoted abov
Page 55 and 56: To distinguish new words and uses f
Page 57 and 58: mostly be accurately dated. Some ar
Page 59 and 60: transcribe and edit them'. We canno
Page 61 and 62: same applies to examples like κα
Page 63 and 64: development is analogous to that in
Page 65 and 66: een created as technical terms. The
Page 67 and 68: An. 1.2.7 ενταύθα κύρω
Page 69 and 70: Ge. 2.8-9 καί έφύτευσεν
Page 71 and 72: In the Pentateuch, however, it is f
Page 73 and 74: The usual Classical word for the id
Page 75 and 76: offered to return the money they fo
Page 77 and 78: and στατήρ is not to be thoug
Page 79 and 80: the sense of 'be ill', ένοχλέ
Page 81 and 82: όχύρωμα Attested first in Xe
Page 83 and 84: of explaining the rendering in rela
Page 85: τών αδελφών υμών τώ
Page 89 and 90: which can be paralleled in other la
Page 91 and 92: συγκρίνω The earlier senses
Page 93 and 94: PH ib. 82.19 (239-8 (238-7) B.C.)
Page 95 and 96: 2. 'here', Ge. 19.12 "Εστίν τ
Page 97 and 98: περίβλημα, 'garment', Nu.
Page 99 and 100: supply the present and imperfect, t
Page 101 and 102: In each of the compounds of πορ
Page 103 and 104: similarly 18.7. In two instances we
Page 105 and 106: The word appears often in the Penta
Page 107 and 108: 1. 'send away', 'dismiss 1 , e.g. G
Page 109 and 110: translators' time: e.g. PCair.zen.
Page 111 and 112: νευροκοπέω ('hamstring')
Page 113 and 114: χόρτασμα ('fodder 1 ; usual
Page 115 and 116: The primary sense is, as the etymol
Page 117 and 118: αποσκευή/ usually as a rend
Page 119 and 120: Clearly this is a possible sense, a
Page 121 and 122: ελαιών Ex. 23.11, De. 6.11, v
Page 123 and 124: Nu. 3.43 πάντα τά πρωτό
Page 125 and 126: it also in inscr. Del. 1416 A i 58
Page 127 and 128: CHAPTER VI NEW WORDS In this chapte
Page 129 and 130: loan-word, and may in fact be old i
Page 131 and 132: CHAPTER VII INNOVATION AND OBSOLESC
Page 133 and 134: In the Koine we find that ποτί
Page 135 and 136: 157. 20 ff. (135 A.D.) εί χρε
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16.4 ιδού έγώ υω υμΐν
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B.C.) ποιέων δ κα θέλη
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It is noteworthy that in this one p
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een strongly contested by Barthél
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specified direction). It also had t
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vernacular book does not affect the
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upz 68.6 (152 B.C.) έγώ γαρ
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1. 'take care 1 , Ex. 33.5 οράτ
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consistent with the evidence. The f
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Berichtigungsliste I p.102.18 = PMa
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easonable supposition that that tex
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It is worth pointing out, too, that
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In regard to the dating of our text
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FURTHER EXAMPLES OF AVOIDANCE OF HE
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SOME OLD WORDS AND USES ATTESTED AL
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παρακρούομαι 'cheat' π
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Bowman R.A., 'Aramaeans, Aramaic, a
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Lefort L.-Th., 'Pour une grammaire
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Turner E.G., Greek Papyri: An Intro
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βρούχος 4 2 γάιδαρος
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κιβωτός 30,51 κλαίω 124
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χόρτασμα χρόνος χρ
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ηχΊ 51 BUT 27,51 mi 72 ym 39 f.
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Koine Greek, 6; possible Semitic in
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A Lexical Study of the Septuagint Version of the Pentateuch

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